third edition research design

295 Pages·2008·8.01 MB·English

THIRD EDITION
RESEARCH
DESIGN
'
'
I dedicate this book to Karen Drumm Creswell.
She is the inspiration for my writing and my life. Because
of her, as wife, supporter, and detailed and careful editor, I am able
to work long hours and keep the home fires burning during the years that I devote
to my job and my books. Thank you from the bottom of my heart for being there for me.
THIRD EDITION
RESEARCH
DESIGN
Qualitative, Quantitative,
and Mixed Methods Approaches
JOHN W. CRESWELL
UNIVERSITY OF NEBRASKA-LINCOLN
~SAGE
Los Angeles • London • New Delhi • Singapore
Copyright© 2009 by SAGE Publications. Inc.
All rights reserved. No part of this book may be reproduced or utilir.ed in any form or
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Printed in the United States of America
Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data
Creswell, John W
Research design: Qualitative, quantitative, and mixed methods approaches/John W
Creswell. -3rd ed.
p.cm.
Includes bibliographical references and index.
ISBN 978-1-4129-6556-9 (cloth)
ISBN 978-1-4129-6557-6 (pbk.)
1. Social sciences-Research-Methodology. 2. Social sciences-Statistical
methods. I. Title.
H62.C6963 2009
300. 72-dc22 2008006242
Printed on acid-free paper
08 09 10 11 12 10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1
Acquiring Editor: Vicki Knight
Associate Editor: Sean Connelly
Editorial Assistant: Lauren Habib
Production Editor: Sarah K. Quesenberry
Copy Editor: Marilyn Power Scott
Typesetter: C&M Digitals (P) Ltd.
Proofreader: Marleis Roberts
Indexer: Rick Hurd
Cover Designer: Janet Foulger
Marketing Manager: Stephanie Adams
Brief Contents
Analytic Contents of Research Techniques XV
Preface xix
Acknowledgments xxvii
About the Author xxix
~ Part 1: Preliminary Considerations
1. The Selection of a Research Design 3
2. Review of the Literature 23
.3. The Use of Theory 49
4. Writing Strategies and Ethical Considerations 73
~~; Part II. Designing Research 95
5. The Introduction 97
6. The Purpose Statement 111
7. Research Questions and Hypotheses 129
8. Quantitative Methods 145
9. Qualitative Procedures 173
10 . Mixed Methods Procedures 203
Glossary 227
References 237
Author Index 247
Subject Index 251

Detailed Contents
Analytic Contents ot Research Techniques XV
Preface xix
Purpose xix
Audience XIX
Format XX
Outline of Chapters xxii
Acknowledgments xxvii
About the Author xxix
~"!:i Part 1: Preliminary ConsideraHons
1. The SelecHon of a Research Design 3
The Three Types of Designs 3
Three Components Involved in a Design 5
Philosophical Worldviews 5
The Postpositivist Worldview 6
The Social Constructivist Worldview 8
The Advocacy and Participatory Worldvlew 9
The Pragmatic Worldview 10
Strategies of Inquiry 11
Quantitative Strategies 12
Qualitative Strategies 12
Mixed Methods Strategies 14
Research Methods 15
Research Designs as Worldviews, Strategies. and Methods 16
Criteria for Selecting a Research Design 18
The Research Problem 18
Personal Experiences 19
Audience 19
Summary 20
Writing Exercises 20
Additional Readings 20
2. Review of the Literature 23
The Research Topic 23