Thesis Summary i. Full approved thesis title: A COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS AND EVALUATION OF ...

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Thesis Summary
i. Full approved thesis title:
A COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS AND EVALUATION OF THE
DURATION PERSPECTIVE IN JAPANESE AND AMERICAN
STRATEGIC MANAGEMENT MODELS. A RESEARCH STUDY
INTO THE QUESTION OF OPTIMUM TIMEFRAME SELECTION
FOR AMERICAN CORPORATE STRATEGIC MANAGEMENT
ii. Name of candidate:
BJ Tollman
iii. Degree:
Doctor of Business Leadership.
iv. Promoter:
Professor J J Murphy
v. Joint Promoter:
Professor A J Strickland
vi. Thesis summary:
The purpose of this research was the evaluation of the
American Strategic Duration Perspective, generally accepted
and often criticized for being performance based short
termism, to the detriment of its long term economic
sustenance.
The study sampled three hundred and thirty one corporate
strategic leaders in three categories, namely; American,
Japanese and Japanese-American. The survey instrument was
a written, cross sectional, questionnaire.
The study evaluated the American Strategic Duration
Perspective in contrast to; the Japanese Strategic Duration
Perspective, generally accepted as long-termism, secondly,
by measuring Japanese-American SDP. adaptation made in
relation or response to the American Operating Environment.
The traditional Japanese-American Strategic Duration
Perspective is Japanese long-termism. Thus, Japanese
American SDP. adjustment to the American Operating
Environment would "objectively' demonstrate whether the
American Strategic Duration Perspective was an appropriate
subjective (Japanese-American) perception or not.
The data reflected that not only had the Japanese-American
sample become more American in Strategic Duration
Perspective, but that the Japanese had themselves shortened
their SDP. "independent" of the American Operating
Environment. These facts supported the status quo American
Strategic Duration Perspective. Further, the shortening of
Strategic Duration Perspective by the Japanese sample
reflects a broader, global trend toward an increasingly Real
Time strategic management model.
vii. Key terms:
Strategic Management; Strategic Duration Perspective;
American Strategic Management; Japanese Strategic
Management; Japanese-American Strategic Management;
South Africa Strategic Duration Perspective; Strategy
Evaluation; Time and Strategic Management; Short Term
Strategic Duration Perspective; Long Term Strategic
Duration Perspective
A COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS AND EVALUATION OF THE
DURATION PERSPECTIVE IN JAPANESE AND AMERICAN
STRATEGIC MANAGEMENT MODELS. A RESEARCH STUDY INTO
THE QUESTION OF OPTIMUM TIMEFRAME SELECTION FOR
AMERICAN CORPORATE STRATEGIC MANAGEMENT
by
BRYAN JONATHAN TOLLMAN
submitted in accordance with the requirements
for the degree of
DOCTOR OF BUSINESS LEADERSHIP
at the
UNIVERSITY OF SOUTH AFRICA
PROMOTER: PROFESSOR J J MURPHY
JOINT PROMOTER: PROFESSOR A J STRICKLAND
NOVEMBER 1995
Candidate's Declaration
Student number: 525-490-6
I declare that "A COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS AND EVALUATION OF
THE DURATION PERSPECTIVE IN JAPANESE AND AMERICAN
STRATEGIC MANAGEMENT MODELS. A RESEARCH STUDY INTO
THE QUESTION OF OPTIMUM TIMEFRAME SELECTION FOR
AMERICAN CORPORATE STRATEGIC MANAGEMENT" is my own
work and that all the sources that I have used or quoted have been
indicated and acknowledged by means of complete references •
. ....
t1~~l. .\~~~
SIGNATURE DATE
(Mr B J Tollman)
Thesis Dedication
This thesis is dedicated to my wife Susan and children Hannah,
Sadie, Brad and Ruby Tollman. This work represents a personal
goal and an example to my children to persist beyond concept; never
ever give-up. Remember your life is the culmination of your
decisions. Everything is possible tor you. I love and respect you.
Acknowledgements
The field of Strategy and Strategic Management has provided me
with a professional and personal life interest. The awesome power of
the subject in theory and practice provides a platform for improving
the performance of business and society.
The world as I know it today is different from past and future socio
political-economic configurations; yet the human, animal and
environmental resources are increasingly under pressure. The most
important resource is TIME for it's unassuming role is ultimately,
relentlessly the only factor in life.
My thanks go to Professor J J Murphy, Associate Director of the
Graduate School of Business Leadership at the University of South
Africa, for giving me an opportunity to exhibit my potential in this
research, and secondly for taking a personal interest in my research
by acting as my thesis promoter.
Professor A J Strickland of Alabama State University, United States
of America, for acting as a my international thesis promoter, your
commentary improved the quality and relevance of this work, thank
you.
Thanks so much to all the respondents of the survey; your response
provided the data and inspiration upon which the success of this
research is based.
The University of South Africa Library, especially Mrs Lorraini
Grobler who supported my reading and literature research from
South Africa to the United States of America with highly professional
service.
Thanks also to the University of Minnesota and the Wilson Library
which provided access to their acclaimed Business Reference Center.
My thanks go to the Center for Survey Research, University of
Minnesota, especially Professor Pamela Schomaker for her advise and
commentary on my survey questionnaire.
The James J Hill Reference Library of St. Paul Minnesota proved to
be a wonderful resource with extraordinary customer service and a
comprehensive collection.
My thanks to the wonderful Hennepin County Library System,
Minnesota, especially Southdale Library and Trudy Camble for her
assistance in researching my topic and locating hard to find
international dissertations.
To the writers and researchers collected in the bibliography thank
you; your wisdom, effort and dedication is my inspiration.
Last but not least I would like to acknowledge my parents, Ruth and
Syd Tollman (CPA) , whose persistent support of my slight Dyslexia
facilitated this academic achievement.
Table Of Contents
CHAPTER 1:
1. 0 Introduction To The Research 1
1.1 The Research Problem 1
1.2 The Subproblems 3
1.3 The Hypotheses . 4
1. 4 Definition Of Terms . 7
1.5 Abbreviations . . . . . . . 10
1.6 Importance Of The Study . 11
1. 7 Proposed Model . . . . . . 17
1.8 Organization Of The Research 19
1.9 Scope And Methodology . . . . 21
CHAPTER 2:
2.0 Introduction To The Literature Survey 23
2.1 Brief Historical Review . . . . . . . 24
2.2 Theories Of Strategic Management . 34
2.3 Strategic Duration Perspective And Strategic
Management . . . . . 65
2.4 American Strategic Management Model . 70
2.5 Japanese Strategic Management Model . 76
2. 6 Literature Conclusion . . . . . . . . . . . 81
CHAPTER 3:
3.0 Research Methodology 84
3.1 Survey Respondent Statistics 90
CHAPTER 4:
4. 0 Analysis Of The Data . . • . . . . . . . . • . . . . . . . 93
4 .1 Analysis And Interpretation Of The Survey Questions 94
4. 2 Analysis And Discussion Of The Hypotheses 189
4. 2 .1 Hypothesis One . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 192
i
4.2.2 Hypothesis Two .. 202
4. 2. 3 Hypothesis Three 209
4. 2. 4 Hypothesis Four . . . . . 223
4. 3 Contribution To The Body Of Knowledge 229
CHAPTER 5:
5. 0 South Africa And Strategic Duration Perspective . . . 231
CHAPTER 6:
6. 0 Research Summary And Conclusion . . . . . . . . . . . 238
Bibliography . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 245
Appendix 1: Survey Questionnaire English . . . . . . . . . . 295
Appendix 2: Survey Questionnaire Japanese . . . . . . . . . 309
Appendix 3: Letter From USA Ambassador To Japan . . . . . 323
Appendix 4: Support Of Thesis Subject Matter . . . . . . . . 324
Appendix 5: Respondent On Japanese-American Management 325
Appendix 6: Letter Affirming Translation Quality . . • • . . . 326
Appendix 7: Letter From Professor A J Strickland • . . . . . 327
Appendix 8: Research Results Summary For Respondents . . 328
Appendix 9: List Of Surveyed Respondents . . • . . . . . . . 331
Appendix 10: Detailed Record Of Survey Data . . . . . . . • 368
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List Of Graphs
Graphic Analysis 1: A 94
Graphic Analysis 1: B 99
Graphic Analysis 1: C 105
Graphic Analysis 1: D 109
Graphic Analysis 2: A 114
Graphic Analysis 2:B 119
Graphic Analysis 2: C 122
Graphic Analysis 2: D 126
Graphic Analysis 2 :E 131
Graphic Analysis 2: F 136
Graphic Analysis 2:G 141
Graphic Analysis 2: H 148
Graphic Analysis 2 :I .. 152
Graphic Analysis 2:J 157
Graphic Analysis 2: K 161
Graphic Analysis 2: L 165
Graphic Analysis 2: M 168
Graphic Analysis 3:A 173
Graphic Analysis 3: B 176
Graphic Analysis 3:0 179
Graphic Analysis 3: E 182
Graphic Analysis 3: F 185
Graphic Analysis 4: A 188
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