Thermal Analysis. Inorganic Materials and Physical Chemistry

805 Pages·1969·31.112 MB·English

by  Robert F. Schwenker, Jr. (Eds.)

Proceedings of the Second International Conference on
Thermal Analysis
Held at Holy Cross College
Worcester, Massachusetts
August 18-23, 1968
THERMAL
ANALYSIS
VOLUME 2
Inorganic Materials
and Physical Chemistry
Edited by
Robert F. Schwenker, Jr.
Personal Products Company
Division of Johnson & Johnson
Milltown, New Jersey
and
Paul D. Garn
Department of Chemistry
University of Akron
Akron, Ohio
Academic Press * New York * London * 1969
COPYRIGHT © 1969, BY ACADEMIC PRESS, INC.
ALL RIGHTS RESERVED
NO PART OF THIS BOOK MAY BE REPRODUCED IN ANY FORM,
BY PHOTOSTAT, MICROFILM, RETRIEVAL SYSTEM, OR ANY
OTHER MEANS, WITHOUT WRITTEN PERMISSION FROM
THE PUBLISHERS.
ACADEMIC PRESS, INC.
Ill Fifth Avenue, New York, New York 10003
United Kingdom Edition published by
ACADEMIC PRESS, INC. (LONDON) LTD.
Berkeley Square House, London W.l
LIBRARY OF CONGRESS CATALOG CARD NUMBER: 69-12287
PRINTED IN THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA
CONTENTS OF VOLUME 1
CONTENTS OF VOLUME 2
xi
CONTRIBUTORS jj
xv
FOREWORD j
xx
PREFACE XXiii
Section 1. Advances in Instrumentation
Le Chatelier, Pionnier de L'Analyse Thermique Differentielle . .. 3
Clement Duval
Progress of Thermobalance and Thermobalance-Analysis
in Japan 11
Heikichi Saito
Modern Development of Thermal Analysis Equipment 25
Max Linseis
Travaux Effectues en Thermo-Analyse au Laboratoire
de Recherches Micro-Analytiques en 1967-1968 29
Clement Duval
DTA in Pharmaceutical Research 41
Hal Ferrari
A Scanning Microcalorimetry Cell Based on a Thermoelectric
Disc - Theory and Applications 65
R. A. Baxter
D. T. A. Apparatus with Agitation and Sealed Specimens
for Molten Salt Phase Studies 85
L. O. Gilpatrick, S. Cantor, and C J. Barton
Recognition and Prevention of Spurious Effects Due
to Instrumentation Deficiencies 97
George G. Theall
xi
CONTENTS
A New Design of Micro Sample DTA Apparatus and
Its Application 105
Akira Yamamoto, Kiyotsugu Yamada, Michio Maruta,
and Junichi Akiyäma
Simultaneous Thermomicroscopic and Differential Thermal
Investigations of Melting and Freezing Processes 121
A. Van Tets and H. G. Wiedemann
Addition Differential Thermal Analysis 137
Rudolf Barta and Doris Jakubekova
A Report on an Independent Standardization Program 149
P. A. Einhorn
Balanced Temperature Analysers 163
G. Sommer and H. W. Sander
Simultaneous TGA-DTA Measurements and Their Significance
as Individual Methods 177
R. Maurer and H. G. Wiedemann
Simultaneous Scanning Calorimetry and Conductivity 189
Robert W. Carroll and Ronald V. Mangravite
L'Application Parallele aux Reactions ä L'Etat Solide
des Analyses Thermogravimetrique et Thermique Differentielle,
Comme Methode Propre ä Detecter un Changement de
Structure Cristalline Sans Variation de Masse. Quatre Exemples
Experimentaux 207
Ma E. Garcia-Clavel, F. Burriel-Marti, and
M. Rodriguez de la Peha
Simultaneous TGA-DTA Measurements in Connection with
Gas-Analytical Investigations 229
H. G. Wiedemann
Simultaneous Differential Thermal Analysis-Thermogravimetric
Analysis Techniques for Detonation Characterization 243
J.N. May cock, V.R. Pai Verne ker, and L. L. Rouch, Jr.
A DTA-EGA Experiment for a Lightweight Martian
Landed Capsule 255
Edgar M. Bollin
xii
CONTENTS
Vacuum Thermal Analysis Apparatus with Controlled Residual
Pressure and with Constant Decomposition Rate 281
/. Rouquerol
A Thermo-Microbalance with Automatic Compensation
for Apparent Weight Changes and Control of Oxygen
Partial Pressure 289
P. Reijnen and P. Roksnoer
Automated Mass Spectrometric Thermal Analysis of Complex
Inorganic and Organometallic Compounds 295
H. G. Langer and T. P. Brady
The Application of Differential Thermal Analysis at Constant
Temperature to Evaluate Hazardous Thermal Properties
ofChemicals 301
John T. Burr
Evolved Gas Analysis by Partial Pressure Mass Spectrometry
with Particular Reference to Gases Desorbed from a Rutile
Surface on Thermal Treatment 311
F. E. Austin, J. Dollimore, and B. H. Harrison
A Recording Thermobalance for Constant Heating
Rate Thermogravimetry to 1400°C 325
N J. Olson
A Pyrolysis-Flame Detection Technique for Thermal Analysis. . . 341
F. T. Eggertsen, H. M. Johi, and F. H. Stross
Thermal Volatilization Analysis of Polymeric and Other
Substances: The Experimental Variables 353
/. C. McNeill and D. Neil
Section 2. Organic Materials, Including Polymers
Thermal Analysis of Elastomer Systems - III: TGA Studies
of Butyl Rubber Vulcanizates 373
/. /. Maurer
Superheating of Extended-Chain Polymer Crystals 387
M. Jaffe and B. Wunderlich
Xlll
CONTENTS
Thermal Analysis of Polymers by Time-of-Flight Mass
Spectrometry II 405
H. L. Friedman, G. A. Griffith, and H. W. Goldstein
The Application of TVA with Differential Condensation to Some
Problems in Polymer Chemistry 417
/. C McNeill
Thermal Analyses of Polymers IV. Similarities in the Thermal
Analyses of Inorganic and Organic Glasses 435
G. W. Miller
Effects of Cross-Link Density and Polymer Structure on Thermal
Analysis of Phenol-Formaldehyde Polymers 481
Ernest L. Winkler and John A. Parker
Grüneisen Ratios for Polymeric Materials from Ultrasonic
and Thermal Studies . 493
Rosalie Urzendowski and Arthur H. Guenther
Thermal Degradation Analysis of Polymeric Materials by Combined
Mass Spectrometric and Thermogravimetric Analysis 517
Donald E. Wilson and Frank M. Hamaker
Thermal Stability of Structurally Related Phthalocyanine Ring
and Carborane Group-Cohtaining Intermediate and Model
Compounds . . 539
A. D. Delman, J. J. Kelly, A: A. Stein, and B. B. Simms
The Homologous Series of Aliphatic Esters of Cholesterol:
Thermodynamic Properties 555
Edward M. Barrall II, Julian F. Johnson, and Roger S.
Porter
Thermal Analysis of Phenylcarbamoylated Cotton Cellulose . .. 571
Stanley R. Hobart and Charles H. Mack
Mesophase Transition Thermodynamics for Several
Homologous Series 597
Roger S. Porter, Edward M. Barrall II, and Julian
F. Johnson
Differential Thermal Analysis of Suspensions of Human
Erythrocytes and Glycerol 615
Richard Moore
XIV
CONTENTS
New Aspects and Tasks of DTA in Wood Chemistry 623
G. E. Domburg, V. Sergeeva, A. Kalninsh, M. Koshik,
and F. Kozmal
Simultan-DTA-TG-Untersuchungen an Nitroguanidin 635
G. Krien and E. Ripper
TA Studies of the Thermal Degradation of Ethylene-Propylene
Rubber 643
M. A. Dudley, Derek A. Smith, and J. W. Youren
A Study of Polyimides Using Thermomechanical Analysis . . .. 667
Stanley E. Gordon
APPENDICES
1 Recommendations for Reporting Thermal Analysis
Data 683
H. G. McAdie
2 Recommendations for Nomenclature in Thermal
Analysis 685
R. C. Mackenzie
3 A Report from the Committee on Standardization
International Confederation for Thermal Analysis . . .. 693
H. G. McAdie
SUBJECT INDEX 1
xv
CONTRIBUTORS
Pages 1-706 refer to Volume 1, 707-1512 refer to Volume 2
Akiyama, J. 105 Eggertsen, F.T. 341
Austin, F.E. 311 Einhorn, P.A. 149
El-Fekey, S.A. 1475
Bach, R. 1229 Etter, D.E. 829
Bandi, W.R. 1363
Barrall, E. M. 555,597
Farah,M.Y. 1475
Barta, R. 137
Fedorov, V.E. 793
Barton, C.J. 85
Ferrari, H. 41
Baxter, R.A. 65
Flynn, J.H. 1111
Berggren G. 881,1035
Freund, F. 1207
Bhattacharyya, S.K. 869,909
Friedman, H.L. 405
BoUin, E.M. 255,1387
Brady, T.P. 295
Broadbent, D. 739 Gallagher, P.K. 779
Brown, A. 881,1035 Garcia-Clavel, Ma E. 207
Brown, DJ. 1347 Garn, P.D. 921
Burr, J.T. 301 Garrett, H. J. 851
Burriel-Marti, F. 207 Gaulin,C.A. 1453
Buyok, E.G. 1363 Ghose, J. 869
Gilpatrick, L.O. 85
Campbell, C. 811 Glatz, A.C. 1411
Cantor, S. 85 Goldstein, H.W. 405
Carroll, R. W. 189 Gordon, S.E. 667
Currell, B.R. 1185 Griffith, G.A. 405
Guenther, A.H. 493
Datta, N.C. 909
Davies, W.B. 1347
Hamaker, F.M. 517
De, G.S. 909
Harrison, B.H. 311
Delman, A.D. 539
Hobart, S.R. 571
Dharwadkar, S.R. 1049
Horie, K. 1071
Dollimore, D. 739
Hulbert, S.F. 1013
Dollimore, J. 311,739
Domburg, G.E. 623
Dudley, M.A. 643 Ingraham, T.R. 1003
Duval,C. 3,29 Ito, K. 1291
XVll
CONTRIBUTORS
Jaffe,M. 387 Mita, I. 1071
Jakubekova, D. 137 Moore, R. 615
Jetschewa, K. 1219 Müller-Vonmoos, M. 1229
Johnson, D.R. 1251 Myachina, L.I. 779
Johnson, J.F. 555,597
Johnston, T.H. 1453 Nägerl, H. 1207
Joki,H.M. 341 Neu, D. 353
Judd, M.D. 1423 Nikolaev, A.V. 779,793
Kalninsh, A. 623 Olson, N.J. 325
Kambe, H. 1071 Opalovsky, A.A. 793
Karkhanavala, M.D. 1049 Ott,W.R. 1329,1439
Kelly, JJ. 539
Koehler, E.K. 979 Parker, J.A. 481
Kondo, Y. 1291 Pope, M.I. 1423
Koshik, M. 623 Porter, R.S. 555,597
Kozmal, F. 623 Prendergast, J.A. 1317
Krapf, G. 1363
Krien, G. 635 Rassonskaya, I.S. 953
Reijnen, P. 289
Langer, H.G. 295 fühäk,V. 1035
Levy, M. 1023 Ripper, E. 635
Linseis, M. 25 Roberts, F.P. 727
Locke, C.E. 963 Rodriquez de la Pena, M. 207
Lodding, W. 1239 Roksnoer, P. 289
Logvinenko, V.A. 779 Rouch, L.L. 243
Lombardi, G. 1269 Rouquerol, J. 281
Ruh, R. 851
Mack, C.H. 571 Rustschev, D. 1219
Mackenzie, R.C. 685,1491
Mangravite, R.V. 189 Saegusa, F. 893
Marano, R.T. 709 Saito, H. 11
Marier, P. 1003 Sander, H. W. 163
Maru,Y. 1291 Schrey, F. 929
Maruta, M. 105 Sergeeva, V. 623
Maurer, JJ. 373 Sestak, J. 1035,1085
Maurer, R. 177 Shuster, E.R. 709
Maycock, J.N. 243 Simms, B.B. 539
McAdie, H.G. 683,693,717,1489,1499 Smith, D.A. 643
McLaren, M.G. 1329,1439 Smith, J.W. 1251
McNeill, I.C. 353,417 Sommer, G. 163
McNeilly, C.E. 727 Speros, D.M. 1191
Melnick, L.M. 1363 Stammler, M. 1127
Miller, B. 1171 Stein, A.A. 539
Miller, G.W. 435 Stone, R.L. 963
xviii