Theory and Applications of Formal Argumentation: Second International Workshop, TAFA 2013, Beijing, China, August 3-5, 2013, Revised Selected papers

219 Pages·2014·3.23 MB·English

by  Elizabeth Black

Elizabeth Black
Sanjay Modgil
Nir Oren (Eds.)
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0 Theory and Applications
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A of Formal Argumentation
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Second International Workshop, TAFA 2013
Beijing, China, August 3-5, 2013
Revised Selected Papers
123
Lecture Notes in Artificial Intelligence 8306
Subseries of Lecture Notes in Computer Science
LNAISeriesEditors
RandyGoebel
UniversityofAlberta,Edmonton,Canada
YuzuruTanaka
HokkaidoUniversity,Sapporo,Japan
WolfgangWahlster
DFKIandSaarlandUniversity,Saarbrücken,Germany
LNAIFoundingSeriesEditor
JoergSiekmann
DFKIandSaarlandUniversity,Saarbrücken,Germany
ElizabethBlack SanjayModgil NirOren(Eds.)
Theory and Applications
of FormalArgumentation
Second International Workshop, TAFA 2013
Beijing, China, August 3-5, 2013
Revised Selected Papers
1 3
VolumeEditors
ElizabethBlack
SanjayModgil
King’sCollegeLondon
DepartmentofInformatics
Strand,London,WC2R2LS,UK
E-mail:{elizabeth.black,sanjay.modgil}@kcl.ac.uk
NirOren
UniversityofAberdeen
DepartmentofComputingScience
Aberdeen,AB243UE,UK
E-mail:[email protected]
ISSN0302-9743 e-ISSN1611-3349
ISBN978-3-642-54372-2 e-ISBN978-3-642-54373-9
DOI10.1007/978-3-642-54373-9
SpringerHeidelbergNewYorkDordrechtLondon
LibraryofCongressControlNumber:2014931379
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Preface
Recent years have witnessed a rapid growth of interest in formal models of
argumentation and their application in diverse sub-fields and domains of appli-
cationofAI,includingreasoninginthepresenceofinconsistency,non-monotonic
reasoning,decisionmaking, inter-agentcommunication, the Semantic Web, grid
applications, ontologies, recommender systems, machine learning, neural net-
works, trust computing, normative systems, social choice theory, judgment ag-
gregation and game theory, and law and medicine. Argumentation thus shows
great promise as a theoretically grounded tool for a wide range of applications.
The Second International Workshopon the Theory and Applications of For-
mal Argumentation (TAFA 2013) aimed to promote further investigations into
the use of formal argumentation and links with other fields of AI. Co-located
with the International Joint Conference on Artificial Intelligence (IJCAI 2013)
inBeijing,China,TAFA2013builtonthesuccessofTAFA2011witharangeof
strongpaperssubmitted by authorsfromEurope,Japan,andChina. The work-
shop received 22 submissions, of which 15 were accepted for presentation. The
workshop was attended by over 20 participants, and the presentations spawned
many lively and thought-provoking discussions.
Argumentation theory centers around the idea that arguments authored by
human users or constituted as premises entailing some conclusion in a given
logic canbe organizedinto directed graphssuchthat the directedlinks between
arguments represent relations of attack and support etc. Such graphs can also
be annotated with additional information to capture, for example, argument
strength, preferences, or degrees of belief, and can be processed so as to evalu-
atethewinningarguments.Thefollowingproceedingsincludepapersidentifying
how properties of these graphs can impact on the computational complexity of
evaluating the winning arguments, as well as specific computational techniques
for evaluating graphs. A distinguishing feature of a number of the workshop
papers is the development of formal models based on empirical observations of
human dialogue and debate; for example, in social networks in which humans
exchangeandvote onopinions andassessthe extentto whichanygivenopinion
is a valid counter to (attack on) another. New insights into how computational
models can inform and indeed enhance the rationality of discourse and debate
among humans are also presented. A key feature of argumentation is its wide
range of applicability in sub-areas of AI, and a number of papers report on ad-
vancesintheseareas.Forexample,preliminaryworkoncorrespondencesbetween
argumentative and decision theoretic principles are introduced, and researchon
theuseofargumentationtoresolveconflictsamongconflictingnormsisincluded.
VI Preface
Other papers report on the use of arguments to augment and improve the per-
formance of learning algorithms, and on the evaluation and categorization of
arguments exchanged in dialogues observed between human experts.
TheeditorswouldliketothankthemembersoftheProgramCommitteeand
theadditionalreviewersfortheireffortsinreviewingsubmissionstoTAFA2013.
December 2013 Elizabeth Black
Sanjay Modgil
Nir Oren
Organization
TAFA2013tookplaceattheTsinghuaUniversity,Beijing,China,duringAugust
3–4,2013,asaworkshopatIJCAI2013,the23rdInternationalJointConference
on Artificial Intelligence.
Workshop Chairs
Elizabeth Black King’s College London, UK
Sanjay Modgil King’s College London, UK
Nir Oren University of Aberdeen, UK
Program Committee
Leila Amgoud IRIT, Toulouse, France
Katie Atkinson University of Liverpool, UK
Pietro Baroni University of Brescia, Italy
Floris Bex University of Dundee, UK
Elizabeth Black King’s College London, UK
Elise Bonzon Universit´e Paris Descartes, France
Richard Booth University of Luxembourg, Luxembourg
Gerhard Brewka Leipzig University, Germany
Katarzyna Budzynska Polish Academy of Sciences, Poland,
and University of Dundee, UK
Martin Caminada University of Aberdeen, UK
Federico Cerutti University of Aberdeen, UK
Carlos Chesn˜evar Universidad Nacional del Sur, Argentina
Madalina Croitoru Universit´e Montpellier 2, France
Sylvie Doutre Universit´e Toulouse 1 Capitole, France
Massimiliano Giacomin University of Brescia, Italy
Tom Gordon Fraunhofer FOKUS, Germany
Anthony Hunter University College London, UK
Souhila Kaci Universit´e Montpellier 2, France
Antonis Kakas University of Cyprus, Cyprus
Nicolas Maudet Universit´e Paris 6, France
Peter McBurney King’s College London, UK
Sanjay Modgil King’s College London, UK
Pavlos Moraitis Paris Descartes University, France
Nir Oren University of Aberdeen, UK
Simon Parsons City University of Liverpool, UK
VIII Organization
Henry Prakken University of Utrecht and University
of Groningen, The Netherlands
Chris Reed University of Dundee, UK
Tjitze Rienstra University of Luxembourg, Luxembourg
Chiaki Sakama Wakayama University, Japan
Guillermo Ricardo Simari Universidad Nacional del Sur, Argentina
Yuqing Tang Carnegie Mellon University, USA
Francesca Toni Imperial College London, UK
Leon Van Der Torre University of Luxembourg, Luxembourg
Srdjan Vesic Universit´e d’Artois, France
Serena Villata Inria Sophia Antipolis, France
Toshiko Wakaki Shibaura Institute of Technology, Japan
Simon Wells Aberdeen University, UK
Stefan Woltran Vienna University of Technology, Austria
Adam Wyner University of Aberdeen, UK
Additional Reviewers
Ringo Baumann Leipzig University, Germany
Wolfgang Dvorak University of Vienna, Austria
Xiuyi Fan Imperial College London, UK
Maria Vanina Martinez University of Oxford, UK
Claudia Schulz Imperial College London, UK
Table of Contents
Revisiting Abstract Argumentation Frameworks ..................... 1
Sanjay Modgil
Extending Social Abstract Argumentation with Votes on Attacks ...... 16
Sinan E˘gilmez, Jo˜ao Martins, and Jo˜ao Leite
A Normal Form for Argumentation Frameworks ..................... 32
Cosmina Croitoru and Timo Ko¨tzing
Graph-Based Dispute Derivations in Assumption-Based
Argumentation .................................................. 46
Robert Craven, Francesca Toni, and Matthew Williams
Argument Schemes for Normative Practical Reasoning................ 63
Nir Oren
Argumentation Accelerated Reinforcement Learning for RoboCup
Keepaway-Takeaway.............................................. 79
Yang Gao and Francesca Toni
Towards Agent Dialogue as a Tool for Capturing Software Design
Discussions...................................................... 95
Elizabeth Black, Peter McBurney, and Steffen Zschaler
On the Maximal and Average Numbers of Stable Extensions .......... 111
Ringo Baumann and Hannes Strass
Decision Making with Assumption-Based Argumentation.............. 127
Xiuyi Fan and Francesca Toni
Justifying Underlying Desires for Argument-Based Reconciliation ...... 143
Hiroyuki Kido and Yukio Ohsawa
TheComplexityofRepairing,Adjusting,andAggregatingofExtensions
in Abstract Argumentation........................................ 158
Eun Jung Kim, Sebastian Ordyniak, and Stefan Szeider
X Table of Contents
Computing Preferred Extensions in Abstract Argumentation:
A SAT-Based Approach .......................................... 176
Federico Cerutti, Paul E. Dunne, Massimiliano Giacomin, and
Mauro Vallati
Computing Preferred Labellings by Exploiting SCCs and Most
Sceptically Rejected Arguments.................................... 194
Beishui Liao, Liyun Lei, and Jianhua Dai
Author Index.................................................. 209