Theories and Experiments in High-Energy Physics

485 Pages·1975·7.79 MB·English

by  H. L. Lynch, J. E. Augustin, A. M. Boyarski (auth.), Arnold Perlmutter, Susan M. Widmayer (eds.)

ORBIS SCIENTIAE
THEORIES AND
EXPERIMENTS IN
HIGH-ENERGY PHYSICS
Chairman
Behram Kursunoglu
Editors
Arnold Perlmutter
Susan M. Widmayer
Scientific Secretaries
Uri Bernstein
Joseph Hubbard
Christian Le Monnier de Gouville
Laurence Mittag
Donald Pettengill
George Soukup
M. Y. Wang
Center for Theoretical Studies
University of Miami
Coral Gables, Florida
PLENUM PRESS • NEW YORK AND LONDON
Library of Congre .. Cataloging In Publication Data
Orbis Sclentlae, 2d, University of Miami, 1975.
Theories and experiments In high-energy physics.
(Studies In the natural sciences j v. 9)
"Held by the Center for Theoretical Studl. ., University of Miami."
Includes bibliographical references and Index.
1. Particles (Nuclear physlcs)-Congresses.l. Perlmutter, Arnold, 1928-
II. Widmayer, Susan M. III. Miami, University of, Coral Gables, Fla. Center for
Theoretical Studies. IV. Title. V. Serl ...
QC793.3.H507 1975 539.7'21 75-16281
ISBN-13: 978-1-4613-4466-7 e-ISBN-13: 978-1-4613-4464-3
001: 10.1007/978-1-4613-4464-3
Part of the Proceedings of Orbls Scientlae held by the Center for Theoretical
Studies, University of Miami, January 20-24, 1975
© 1975 Plenum Press, New York
Soflcover reprint of the hardcover 1st edition 1975
A Division of Plenum Publishing Corporation
227 West 17th Street, New York, N.Y. 10011
United Kingdom edition published by Plenum Press, London
A Division of Plenum Publishing Company, Ltd.
Davis House (4th Floor), 8 Scrubs Lane, Harlesden, London, NW10 6SE, England
All rights reserved
No part of this book may be reproduced, stored In a retrieval system, or transmitted,
in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, microfilming,
recording, or otherwise, without written permission from the Publisher
Preface
This volume contains a portion of the presentations
given at the session on High Energy Physics and Astro
physics of Orbis Scientiae II, held at the Center for
Theoretical Studies, University of Miami, from January
20 through January 24, 1975. This, second in the new
series of meetings held at the CTS, strove to implement
the goals professed in the organization of Orbis
Scientiae in 1974, namely to encourage scientists in
several disciplines to exchange views, not only with
colleagues who share similar research interests, but
also to acquaint scientists in other fields with the
leading ideas and current results in each area repre
sented. Thus, an effort has been made to include papers
in each session that discuss fundamental issues in a
way which is comprehensible to scientists who are
specialists in other areas. Also in keeping with the
philosophy of Orbis Scientiae, the major topics each
year are to be varied, with the invariant being the
inclusion of developments in fundamental physics.
The discussions of the current state of the art in
high energy physics represented in this volume include
new theories and experiments in the field.
v
PREFACE
Special gratitude is due to the following for their
contributions as organizers and moderators of the ses
sions on high energy physics and astrophysics: Abdus
Salam, Jogesh Pati, Karl Strauch, O. W. Greenberg,
Sheldon Glashow, George Sudarshan and W. John Cocke.
The editors wish to express their appreciation to Mrs.
Helga Billings and Mrs. Jacquelyn Zagursky for their
dedication in the preparation of the manuscripts for
publication and for their capable assistance during the
meetings.
A companion volume, entitled Progress in Laser
Fusion and Lasers, incorporates the papers delivered at
Orbis Scientiae II complementary to those included in
the present one.
The Orbis Scientiae II was supported in part by the
United States Energy Research and Development Adminis
tration, High Energy Physics Division.
The Editors
Contents
RECENT RESULTS FOR e+e- ANNIHILATION AT SPEAR . .. 1
H. L. Lync.h
MEASUREMENTS OF e+e- + e+e-, e+e- +
AND e+e- + yy AT CENTER OF MASS
CLOSE TO 3105 MeV . . . . . . 21
by
P~e~ented Robe~t Hon~tadte~
ELECTRON-POSITRON ANNIHILATION AND THE
STRUCTURE OF HADRONS . . . . . . . 29
J. Gilman
F~ede~ic.k
ELECTRON-POSITRON ANNIHILATION TO HADRONS AND
COLOR SYMMETRIES OF ELEMENTARY PARTICLES 71
O. W.
G~eenbe~g
ELECTRON-POSITRON INCLUSIVE HADRON REACTIONS .. . 115
P~e4en~ed by B~aee Ba~ne~~
ON THE CONSEQUENCES OF NON-LINEARITY IN A
UNIFIED THEORY OF FUNDAMENTAL INTERACTIONS . . 131
Beh~am Ka~~anoglu
PARTICLES, FORCES AND THE NEW MESONS ....... 235
J og e~ h Pati
THEORETICAL INTERPRETATION OF RECENT NEUTRAL
CURRENT RESULTS . . . 297
Stephen L.
Adle~
UNIFIED GAUGE THEORIES 329
Howa~d Geo~gi
MONOPOLE STRINGS AND CHARMONIUM 341
by Wali
P~e~ented Kame~hwa~
vii
viii CONTENTS
UNIFIED APPROACH TO MULTIPARTICLE PRODUCTION
AT HIGH ENERGY . . . . . . . . . . . . . 349
Pete4 and F.
Ca44uthe4~ Zaeha4ia~en
QUANTUM MECHANICAL APPROXIMATIONS IN QUANTUM
FIELD THEORY . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 371
Roman Jaek.iw
ON THE PROBLEM OF CAUSALITY IN CONFORMAL
INVARIANT THEORIES . . . . . . . 411
A.
Han~ Ka~t4up
TRANSPORT AND HYDRODYNAMIC ASPECTS OF
MULTIPARTICLE PRODUCTION . . . . 419
F4ed Coope4 and V. H. Sha4p
THE LARGE NUMBERS HYPOTHESIS AND
ITS CONSEQUENCES . . . . . . 443
P. A. M. Vi4ae
ARE QUASARS LOCAL? 457
A. Te44eii
Jame~
PARTICIPANTS 475
SUBJECT INDEX 481
e
h
t

f
o

s
n
o
i
s
s
e
S

s
c
i
s
y
h
P

y
g
r
e
n
E

I
hI
g
ie
H
a
e ti
n
h
e
t
i
c
t
aS

es
ci
b
n
r
aO
d
n
e
t
t
a

n
i

s
t
n
a
p
i
c
i
t
r
a
p

e
h
t

f
o

e
m
o
S
+ -
RECENT RESULTS FOR e e ANNIHILATION AT SPEAR*
Presented by H. L. Lynch
Stanford Linear Accelerator Center
Stanford University, Stanford, CA. 94305
J. E. Augustin, A. M. Boyarski, M. Breiden-
bach, F. Bulos, J. T. Dakin, G. J. Feldman,
G. E. Fischer, D. Fryberger, G. Hanson, B.
Jean-Marie, R. R. Larsen, V. Luth, H. L.
Lynch, D. Lyon, C. C. Morehouse, J. M. Pater
son, M. L. Perl, B. Richter, P. Rapidis, R.
F. Schwitters, W. Tanenbaum, F. Vannucci
Stanford Linear Accelerator Center
Stanford University, Stanford, CA. 94305
and
G. S. Abrams, D. Briggs, W. Chinowsky, C. E.
Friedberg, G. Goldhaber, R. J. Hollebeek, J.
A. Kadyk, A. Litke, B. Lulu, F. Pierre, B.
Sadoulet, G. H. Trilling, J. S. Whitaker, J.
Wiss, J. E. Zipse
Lawrence Berkeley Laboratory
University of California, Berkeley, CA. 94720
*Work supported by Energy Research and Development
Administration
2 H. L. LYNCH
I. INTRODUCTION
In this presentation I shall assume that everyone
is familiar with the existence of two narrow resonances
123
coupling to electrons' , at masses of 3.1 and 3.7 GeV.
Properties of these resonances will be described at
length. I shall also discuss upper limits which we can
place for the production of other such resonances in
4
the range 3.2 to 5.9 GeV. Lastly, I shall discuss
some tantalizing structure at 4.1 GeV. 5 This talk will
concentrate upon the experimental facts; various specu-
lations will be left for other speakers. It should be
emphasized that most results described are preliminary
and are subject to refinement.
II. APPARATUS
In order to save time I shall give only a very
short description of the experimental apparatus6: The
storage ring itself circulates one beam each of posi
trons and electrons which collide at 00 , and the energy
resolution (standard deviation) of the order of 1 MeV
for a center-of-mass energy of 3 GeV. This high re-
solution is dominated by quantum fluctuations in the
synchrotron radiation. The absolute energy of the
machine is known only to about 0.1%. The interaction
region is of order of a millimeter transverse to the
beam and a few centimeters along the beam.
The magnetic detector is schematized in Fig. 1,
and consists of a counter around the interaction region,
some spark chambers, some more counters for measuring
time-of-flight, and some more for electron identification.
The solenoidal magnet produces a nearly uniform field
of about 4 kG along the beam. The time-of-flight system
allows n/K separation up to about 600 MeV/c. The
e+e-ANNIHILATION AT SPEAR 3
Fig. 1 (a) Telescoped view of detector; (b) end view
of detector.