Theoretical Ecology: Principles and Applications

268 Pages·2007·6.21 MB·English

by  Professor Lord Robert May of Oxford

Theoretical Ecology
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Theoretical Ecology
Principles and Applications
EDITED BY
Robert M. May,
Department of Zoology, University of Oxford,
Oxford, UK
AND
Angela R. McLean,
Department of Zoology, University of Oxford,
Oxford, UK
1
1
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Contents
Acknowledgements vii
Contributors ix
1 Introduction 1
AngelaR.McLeanandRobert M.May
2 Howpopulations cohere:fiverulesforcooperation 7
MartinA.Nowakand KarlSigmund
3 Single-species dynamics 17
TimCoulsonand H.CharlesJ.Godfray
4 Metapopulations andtheirspatial dynamics 35
SeanNee
5 Predator–prey interactions 46
MichaelB.BonsallandMichaelP.Hassell
6 Plantpopulation dynamics 62
MichaelJ.Crawley
7 Interspecific competition andmultispecies coexistence 84
DavidTilman
8 Diversity andstabilityinecological communities 98
AnthonyR.Ives
9 Communities: patterns 111
RobertM.May,MichaelJ.Crawley,andGeorgeSugihara
10 Dynamics ofinfectiousdisease 132
BryanGrenfellandMatthewKeeling
11 Fisheries 148
JohnR.BeddingtonandGeoffreyP.Kirkwood
12 AdoublyGreen Revolution:ecology andfood production 158
GordonConway
13 Conservationbiology:unsolvedproblemsandtheirpolicyimplications 172
AndyDobson,WillR. Turner,andDavidS.Wilcove
v
vi CONTENTS
14 Climatechangeandconservationbiology 190
JeremyT.KerrandHeather M.Kharouba
15 Unansweredquestionsandwhytheymatter 205
RobertM.May
References 216
Index 249
Acknowledgements
The aims andscope ofthis book aresetout inthe bring the authors and others together for a 2-day
beginning of the first chapter (unimaginatively conference, in which the sweep of material in this
labelled Introduction). So these prefacing com- book was exposed to discussion and constructive
ments are confined to acknowledging some of the criticism. It helped shape the book.
help we and the other authors have received in Our thanks are also owed to enthusiastic and
putting this book together. helpful people at Oxford University Press, parti-
The two of us are deeply indebted to the other 21 cularlythecommissioningeditor,IanSherman,the
authors who have contributed to the book, both production editor, Christine Rode, and the copy-
for the work they did and for their exemplary editor, Nik Prowse. R.M.M.’s assistant, Chris
adherence to a rather fast production schedule. Bond, was her usual invaluable self, helping in
Individual authors have wished to thank both every facet of the enterprise with unflappable
fundingagenciesandhelpfulcolleagueswhogave competence.
assistance ofvariouskinds.This would havebeen Sadly, one of the authors—Geoff Kirkwood—
animpressivelylonglist,butweunkindlydecided unexpectedly died the week after the gathering
against including it. in Oxford. Everyone remembers him with affec-
We must, however, recognize the generosity of tion, and his shadow lies on the book. He will be
Merton College and the Zoology Department at missed.
the University of Oxford, and particularly their
respective heads, Dame Jessica Rawson and A.R. McLean and R.M. May
Professor Paul Harvey. They made it possible to 22 September 2006
vii
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Contributors
JohnR.Beddington,DivisionofBiology,Facultyof HeatherKharouba,CanadianFacilityforEcoinformatics
NaturalSciences,RSMBuilding,ImperialCollege Research(CFER),DepartmentofBiology,Universityof
London,SW72BP,UK.E-mail:j.beddington@ Ottawa,Box450,StationA,Ottawa,ON,K1N6N5,
imperial.ac.uk Canada.E-mail:[email protected]
MichaelB.Bonsall,DepartmentofZoology,Tinbergen GeoffreyP.Kirkwood,DivisionofBiology,Facultyof
Building,UniversityofOxford,OxfordOX13PS,UK. NaturalSciences,RSMBuilding,ImperialCollege
E-mail:[email protected] London,SW72BP,UK
GordonConway,CentreforEnvironmentalPolicy,4th RobertM.May,DepartmentofZoology,Tinbergen
Floor,RSMBuilding,ImperialCollege,South Building,UniversityofOxford,OxfordOX13PS,UK.
Kensington,LondonSW72AZ,UK.E-mail: E-mail:[email protected]
[email protected] AngelaR.McLean,DepartmentofZoology,Tinbergen
TimCoulson,NERCCentreforPopulationBiologyand Building,UniversityofOxford,OxfordOX13PS,UK.
DivisionofBiology,ImperialCollegeLondon,Silwood E-mail:[email protected]
ParkCampus,Ascot,BerkshireSL57PY,UK.E-mail: SeanNee,InstituteofEvolutionaryBiology,Schoolof
[email protected] BiologicalSciences,UniversityofEdinburgh,West
MichaelJ.Crawley,DepartmentofBiologicalSciences, MainsRoad,EdinburghEH93JT,UK.E-mail:
ImperialCollegeLondon,SilwoodPark,Ascot,Berk- [email protected]
shireSL57PY,UK.E-mail:[email protected] MartinA.Nowak,TheProgramforEvolutionary
AndyDobson,EcologyandEvolutionaryBiology, Dynamics,FacultyofArtsandScience,OneBrattle
PrincetonUniversity,Princeton,NJ08544,USA. Square,HarvardUniversity,Cambridge,MA02138,
E-mail:[email protected] USA.E-mail:[email protected]
H.CharlesJ.Godfray,DepartmentofZoology, KarlSigmund,FacultyforMathematics,Universityof
TinbergenBuilding,UniversityofOxford,Oxford Vienna,Nordbergstrasse15,A-1090Vienna,Austria.
OX13PS,UK.E-mail:[email protected] E-mail:[email protected]
BryanGrenfell,BiologyDepartment,208Mueller GeorgeSugihara,ScrippsInstitutionofOceanography,
Laboratory,PennsylvaniaStateUniversity,University UniversityofCalifornia,SanDiego,9500Gilman
Park,PA16802,USA.E-mail:grenfell@ psu.edu Drive,LaJolla,CA920930202,USA.E-mail:
MichaelP.Hassell,DepartmentofBiologicalSciences, [email protected]
ImperialCollegeLondon,SilwoodPark,Ascot,Berk- DavidTilman,DepartmentofEcology,Evolutionand
shireSL57PY,UK.E-mail:[email protected] Behavior,UniversityofMinnesota,St.Paul,MN55108,
AnthonyR.Ives,DepartmentofZoology,Universityof USA.E-mail:[email protected]
Wisconsin,Madison,WI53706,USA. WillR.Turner,CenterforAppliedBiodiversity
E-mail:[email protected] Science,ConservationInternational,1919MSt.NW
MatthewKeeling,DepartmentofBiologicalSciences Suite600,Washington,DC20036,USA.E-mail:
andMathematicsInstitute,UniversityofWarwick, [email protected]
GibbetHillRoad,CoventryCV47AL,UK.E-mail: DavidS.Wilcove,EcologyandEvolutionaryBiologyand
[email protected] PrincetonEnvironmentalInstituteandWoodrow
JeremyT.Kerr,CanadianFacilityforEcoinformatics WilsonSchoolofPublicandInternationalAffairs,
Research(CFER),DepartmentofBiology,Universityof PrincetonUniversity,Princeton,NJ08544,USA.
Ottawa,Box450,StationA,Ottawa,ON,K1N6N5, E-mail:[email protected]
Canada.E-mail:[email protected]
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