The Ward of Cripplegate in the City of London

196 Pages·1985·8.766 MB·English

by  GORDON, Caroline and DEWHIRST, Wilfrid

TheWard of
Cripplegate
in the
City of London
Caroline Gordon &WilfridDewhirst
The Ward of Cripplegate
in the City of London
Aldermanand MrsW.A.Davis.
On behalfofthe Ward ofCripplegate the Master, Wardens and
a
MembersoftheCripplegateWardClub offerthisbook as token
oftheir esteem for their Alderman William Allan Davis on his
election to beLord Mayorof London.
Publicationhas beenmadepossiblebywide-rangingsupportthroughout
the Ward and particularthanks are due to:
The WorshipfulCompanyofHaberdashers
The Worshipful CompanyofSalters
The WorshipfulCompanyofPewterers
The WorshipfulCompanyofBarbers
BallsBrothers Limited
British PetroleumPLC
BrandeisIntsel(Brokers) Limited
CooksonGroup PLC
CowardChance
Coopers& Lybrand
The Cripplegate Foundation
Grieveson, Grant&Co.
Harris& Prentice
Hill, Samuel& Co. Limited
Lazard Brothers& Co. Limited
PannellKerr Forster
Philipp& Lion
Phillips & Drew
Russell & McIver Limited
Sheppards& Chase
Slaughter& May
StephensonHarwood
Wedd DurlacherMordaunt&Co.
Whitbread& CompanyPLC

TheWard ofCripplegate
in the Cityof London
CarolineGordon
COMMONCOUNCILMAN
WilfridDewhirst
DEPUTY
FOREWORD BY LORD BRIGGS
Firstpublishedin1985by
theCripplegateWard Club
©CarolineGordonand WilfridDewhirst1985
Allrightsreserved.Nopartofthispublicationmaybe
reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or trans
mitted, in any form or by any means, electronic,
mechanical, photocopying, recording or otherwise,
withoutthepriorpermission oftheauthors.
Printedand boundinGreatBritain
attheUniversityPress,Oxford
byDavidStanford
PrintertotheUniversity
Designedand producedby
Editorialand ProductionServicesLimited
Contents
Foreword IX
Preface X
I. IntheBeginning
2. TheVillagebecomesaCity again 6
3. TheEmergenceofaCivicGovernment 11
4. The BeginningoftheCripplegateWard 16
5. The People:TheirLivesandHomes 27
6. TheOriginsoftheOuterWard 39
7. The EvolvementofCity Government
andtheInnerWard 50
8. ThePeopleandtheStreetScene 64
9. SomeAldermenofCripplegate 69
10. TheChurchand thePeople 81
11. DevelopmentsintheOuterWard 96
12. TheParishChurch-StGiles' 107
13. The Rectors ofStGiles' and the
Non-Conformists 115
14. The BeginningoftheModernCity 125
15. FromProsperityintoWar 139
16. 'DestructionandSurvival' 149
Appendix 1. The AldermenofCripplegate 156
Appendix2. Officersofthe WardCluband
CommonCouncilmen, 1985 163
Index 165
vii
Illustrations and Maps
Aldermanand MrsW. A. Davis 11
The residence of a Saxon nobleman. Reproduced by courtesy of Peter
Newark's HistoricalPictures. 8
A Saxondinner-party. CottonMS. Peter Newark's HistoricalPictures. 8
FromAgar'smapofLondon, 1565. 26
From Morgan'smapof1682. 40,41
'Thesetradesmenarepreachersinthe CityofLondon.' FromaBroadside
of1647.PeterNewark'sHistoricalPictures. 55
ViewofCheapside with the ProcessionofMariede'Medici. FromSerre's
'Entreede la Reyne Meredu Roy.' Peter Newark's HistoricalPictures. 65
Satire on Alderman Abel, Monopolist ofWines, and his Wife. From a
Broadsideof1641. Peter Newark's Historical Pictures. 79
The Lord Mayor's Show, 1750. Engraving by Jackson after Hogarth.
Reproducedby courtesyofthe MansellCollection. 79
A drover herding sheep in Fore Street with St Giles' Church in the
background. Wash drawing by T. H. Shepherd. Reproducedby courtesy
ofthe Museum ofLondon. 100
George Whitefield preaching in Moorfields, 1742. Engraving by
W. ThomasafterEyre Crowe. The MansellCollection. 119
From a Londonmap of1919. 124
St Giles' Church, Cripplegate, and old houses. Pen drawing by Hanslip
Fletcher. The Museum ofLondon. 136
From the Ordnance Survey map ofGreater London, 1979. Reproduced
with thepermission ofthe Controller ofHer Majesty's Stationery Office.
Crown Copyright reserved. 150
Unfinished work, Barbican, September 1963. Drawing by Charlotte
Halliday. Reproducedby courtesyofSir Gilbert Inglefield. 153
Vlll
Foreword
Localhistory isa thrivingsubject in the late-twentiethcentury. This interesting
study oftheWard ofCripplegatein the City of London, sponsored by the very
active Ward Club, is a good example of the kind of work that is being done.
Basedoninsideknowledgeand onexperienceaswellason research, itdraws on
the willing help and enthusiasm of many people. It deals with the history of
familiesand of theenvironmentaswellas ofpersonalitiesand institutions, and
it isconcerned throughout inlivelyfashion with the relationship between con
tinuityand change.
Itisimpossibleto describe the historyofaLondonWard, however, assimply
beinglocalhistory, fascinating though thathistorymay be.The City ofLondon
isnotjustoneotherlocality. Itfiguresprominentlyinnationaland international
history. Within it, Cripplegate Ward, the second largest in the City, was in its
early history one of the most influential of Wards, and its subsequent history,
whentreatedindetail, illuminatesthe historyofbothCity governmentand City
businessat almosteverypoint. No fewerthan sixLiveryCompanies have their
hallsinCripplegate.
In most recent times the old geographical boundary between the Inner and
Outer Cripplegate Wards has disappeared, but this change has been over
shadowed by the implementation of the Barbican project which brings large
numbers ofpeople to Cripplegate, including residents, who would otherwise
haveneverseenit.They willdoubtlessbeamong the readers ofthis bookwhich
deservesto bewidelyknown inside and outsideCripplegate.
Asa Briggs
WorcesterCollege, Oxford,August 1985
IX