Table Of ContentThe UK Challenge to Europeanization
The UK Challenge to
Europeanization
The Persistence of British Euroscepticism
Editedby
Karine Tournier-Sol
SeniorLecturerinBritishPolitics,UniversityofToulon,France
Chris Gifford
HeadofDepartment,DepartmentofBehaviouralandSocialSciences,
UniversityofHuddersfield,UK
Selection,introductionandeditorialmatter©KarineTournier-Soland
ChrisGifford2015
Individualchapters©Respectiveauthors2015
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TheUKchallengetoEuropeanization:thepersistenceofBritish
Euroscepticism/editedbyKarineTournier-Sol,ChrisGifford.
pages cm
Summary:“Britain’spartinthefutureofEuropeanintegrationremainsatthe
forefrontofpoliticaldebate,withtheprospectofaEuropeanUnionexitreferendum
arealpossibility.ForEUmembershiptobesocontentiousforalong-standing
member-staterulesoutproblemsofadjustmentandaccommodation.
EuroscepticismisnotmarginalortemporaryintheUK,itisapersistentand
embeddedfacetofBritishpoliticalsociety.ThistimelybookconsiderstheUKas
profoundlyEurosceptic,andanalysesitsdistinctiveEuroscepticismandresistance
toEuropeanisationinmanyaspectsofitscultureandinitscoreinstitutions.
Addressingarangeoftopicsfromthepresstodefence,itcutsacrosshistory,
politics,culturalstudies,economicsandinternationalrelationsandoffers
arich,originalandinterdisciplinarycontributiontotheemergingfield
ofEuroscepticstudies”—Providedbypublisher.
1. EuropeanUnion—GreatBritain. 2. EuropeanEconomicCommunity—
GreatBritain. 3. GreatBritain—Politicsandgovernment—1997–
4. GreatBritain—Foreignrelations—EuropeanUnioncountries. 5. European
Unioncountries—Foreignrelations—GreatBritain. I. Tournier–Sol,Karine,1973–
editorofcompilation. II. Gifford,Chris,1966–editorofcompilation. III. Title:
UnitedKingdomchallengetoEuropeanization.
HC240.25.G7U42015
337.1(cid:2)420941—dc23 2015018340
Contents
ListofFiguresandTables vii
Acknowledgements viii
NotesonContributors ix
Introduction:TheStructureofBritishEuroscepticism 1
ChrisGiffordandKarineTournier-Sol
Part I NationandNationalIdentity
1 TheEssentialEnglishman:TheCulturalNatureand
OriginsofBritishEuroscepticism 17
MennoSpiering
2 ‘BeyondAwkwardness:England,theEuropeanUnionand
theEndofIntegration’ 33
BenWellings
3 BeyondtheEnglish?TheUK’sPluri-National
Euroscepticism 51
AndrewMycockandChrisGifford
4 BritishEuroscepticismandtheGeopoliticsofa
Post-ImperialBritain 73
CorneliusCrowley
Part II PartyPoliticsandEuroscepticism
5 ReassessingBritishConservativeEuroscepticismasaCase
ofParty(Mis)Management 99
AgnèsAlexandre-Collier
6 TheDilemmaofPro-EuropeanPartiesintheUK:TheCase
ofLabourandtheLiberalDemocratsSince2010 117
PaulineSchnapper
7 TheUKIPChallenge 134
KarineTournier-Sol
v
vi Contents
Part III EuroscepticCivilSociety
8 PerformingEuroscepticism:TheUKPressandCameron’s
BloombergSpeech 151
OliverDaddow
9 Extra-ParliamentaryEuroscepticActorsintheUK 172
JohnFitzGibbon
Part IV EuroscepticInterests?
10 BritishPoliticalDiscourseontheEUintheContextof
theEurozoneCrisis 191
CatherineMacMillan
11 TheRoleofFinanceintheUK’sRelationshipwiththe
EuropeanUnion 210
NicholasSowels
12 TheTransatlanticDimensionofBritishEuroscepticism 232
HajnalkaVincze
Index 249
Figures and Tables
Figures
1.1 ‘Doyoueverthinkofyourselfasnotonly(nationality),
butalsoasEuropean?’ 21
9.1 %ofUKpublicidentifyingpartywithbestpolicieson
theEuropeissue 179
9.2 %ofUKpublicidentifyingEuropeasanimportantissue
facingthecountry 182
9.3 UKpublicopinion%agreeingthatUKmembershipof
EUisa‘goodthing’and%disagreeingthatUK
membershipoftheEUisa‘goodthing’ 184
Tables
11.1 Keyindicatorsofthecontributionoffinancialservices
in2013 215
11.2 Financialmarketssharebycountry(%) 217
vii
Acknowledgements
This book arose from a conference on Britain and Europe held at the
University of Toulon in April 2013. It was co-organized by the edi-
tors, building on the Erasmus partnership between the Universities of
ToulonandHuddersfield.Weweredelightedwiththeconference,which
attractedpresentersfromacrossEurope,representingarangeofdifferent
disciplinesanddiversetopics.Fromourformalandinformaldiscussions
in Toulon, common themes and synergies between papers emerged.
We followed up the conference with a successful workshop at the Uni-
versityofHuddersfieldinSeptember2013,providinganopportunityto
review written papers. We then looked to include authors who we felt
couldcontributeareasthatwehadnotalreadycovered,suchasthepress
andtheEurozonecrisis.Wehavebeenfortunatethereforetodrawupon
a range of expertise, each contributor bringing a unique perspective to
the subject matter. Throughout the process, we have been grateful to
ourcontributorsfortheirsupportandcooperation,incontextsthatwe
knowarecharacterizedbycompetingdemandsandpressures.Wewould
also like to thank our respective institutions for the support they have
providedwiththeprojectatkeypoints,andtoPalgraveMacmillanfor
backingourproposal.
viii
Contributors
AgnèsAlexandre-CollierisProfessorofBritishStudiesattheUniversity
ofBurgundy,Dijon,France.Sheistheauthorofseveralbooksincluding
Anatomie des droites européennes (with Xavier Jardin, 2004); Les habits
neufsdeDavidCameron.Lesconservateursbritanniques,1990–2010(2010);
Les partis politiques en Grande-Bretagne (with Emmanuelle Avril, 2013)
and Leadership and Uncertainty Management in Politics. Leaders, Followers
and Constraints in Western Democracies (edited with François Vergniolle
deChantal,2015).
Cornelius Crowley is Professor of British Studies in Nanterre Uni-
versity (Université Paris Ouest Nanterre La Défense) and Head of the
CREA (EA 370), Centre for Anglophone Studies research group. His
research work is focused on questions of politics and culture in Britain
andIreland.
Oliver Daddow is Senior Lecturer in International Relations at the
UniversityofChichester.HisresearchinterestsareinBritishforeignpol-
icy, interpretivist international relations and Euroscepticism. He is the
author of New Labour and the European Union: Blair and Brown’s Logic of
History (2011) and Britain and Europe Since 1945: Historiographical Per-
spectives on Integration (2004) and edited Harold Wilson and European
Integration:Britain’sSecondApplicationtoJointheEEC(2003).WithJamie
Gaskarth,heco-editedBritishForeignPolicy:TheNewLabourYears(2011).
With Mark Bevir and Ian hall, he co-edited Interpreting Global Security
(2014).
John FitzGibbon is Senior Lecturer in Politics at Canterbury Christ
Church University. He holds a PhD in comparative European politics
fromtheUniversityofSussex,withthesubjectofhisdissertationbeing
‘EuroscepticProtestMovements’.HehastaughtattheNationalUniver-
sityofIreland,Maynooth,andtheUniversityofDundee.Hisarticleson
thetopicsofEuroscepticism,populismandreferendumshaveappeared
injournalssuchastheJournalofCommonMarketStudies,Perspectiveson
European Politics and Society and Representation, in addition to numer-
ous chapters in edited books. He is the co-editor (along with Nick
ix
