The Transnational Governance of Violence and Crime: Non-State Actors in Security

291 Pages·2013·1.53 MB·English

by  Anja P. Jakobi

The Transnational Governance of Violence and Crime
GovernanceandLimitedStatehood
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GENDERINTRANSITIONALJUSTICE
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THETRANSNATIONALGOVERNANCEOFVIOLENCEANDCRIME
Non-StateActorsinSecurity
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PROMOTINGDEMOCRACYANDTHERULEOFLAW
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The Transnational
Governance of Violence
and Crime
Non-State Actors in Security
Editedby
Anja P. Jakobi
DepartmentofPoliticsandInternationalRelations,
RoyalHolloway,UniversityofLondon,UK
and
Klaus Dieter Wolf
PeaceResearchInstitute,Frankfurt,Germany
Editorialmatter,selection,introductionandconclusion©AnjaP.Jakobi
andKlausDieterWolf2013
Individualchapters©Respectiveauthors2013
Softcover reprint of the hardcover 1st edition 2013 978-1-137-33441-1
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Firstpublished2013by
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Contents
ListofTablesandFigures vii
PrefaceandAcknowledgments ix
NotesonContributors x
ListofAbbreviations xiv
Part I Introduction
1 Non-StateActorsandtheGovernanceofViolence
andCrime 3
AnjaP.JakobiandKlausDieterWolf
Part II TraditionalFieldsofSecurity
2 WarlordsandGovernance 23
KimberlyMarten
3 ConstrainingtheConductofNon-StateArmedGroups 40
StefanieHerr
4 FormalandInformalGovernanceintheUN
PeacebuildingCommission 61
OliverWesterwinter
5 GoverningWarEconomies:ConflictDiamonds
andtheKimberleyProcess 84
AnjaP.Jakobi
6 GovernanceEffortstoPreventWeaponsTrafficking 106
SimoneWisotzki
Part III EmergingFieldsofSecurityGovernance
7 Non-StateActorsAllAround:TheGovernanceof
Cybercrime 129
AnjaP.Jakobi
8 ContainingHumanTraffickingthroughStateand
Non-StateActors 149
EdgardoBuscaglia
v
vi Contents
9 MaritimeTerrorism:GovernanceandNon-StateActors 172
PatriciaSchneider
10 PrivateMilitaryandSecurityCompaniesinMaritime
SecurityGovernance 193
CarolinLiss
11 BanksandtheGovernanceofCrime 214
KarinSvedbergHelgesson
12 Non-StateActorsinTransnationalCriminalLaw 232
AnnegretFlohr
Part IV Conclusions
13 FacingViolenceandCrime:ModelsofNon-StateActor
InvolvementinGovernance 257
AnjaP.JakobiandKlausDieterWolf
Index 273
Tables and Figures
Tables
1.1 Non-stateactorsandgovernance 10
1.2 Varianceofnon-stateactorinvolvement 13
3.1 Comparingnon-governmentalapproachesto
non-stateviolence 50
4.1 Centralityandcentralizationintheinformation
exchangenetwork 74
4.2 Core-peripherymodelofinformationexchange
(densitymatrix) 75
4.3 Formalandinformalgovernanceaccess 76
5.1 Governanceofconflictdiamondsovertime 102
7.1 Ratificationofcrimepoliciesuntil2010 141
7.2 Comparingdifferentelementsofglobalcrime
governance 143
9.1 Scenariosofpreviousattacksrelatedtomaritime
terrorism 176
9.2 Non-stateinvolvementinthegovernanceof
maritimesecurity 179
10.1 PirateattacksintheMalaccaStraitsarea 196
10.2 PirateattacksattributedtoSomalipirates 197
12.1 Overviewofthethreecomponentsofinternational
criminallaw 238
Figures
1.1 Interactionofstate-andnon-stategovernance 12
4.1 Exchangeofpolicy-relevantinformationandadvice
duringnegotiationsovertheStrategicFramework 72
8.1 Scatterplot:‘Organizedcrime’relatedto‘frequenciesof
judicialviolationstotheHumanTraffickingProtocol’ 161
8.2 Scatterplot:‘Organizedcrime’relatedto‘taskforceof
judicial-financialintelligencesystemineffectiveness’ 161
8.3 Scatterplot:‘Organizedcrime’relatedto‘human
traffickingnon-state/civilsocietyprograms’ 163
vii
viii ListofTablesandFigures
8.4 Scatterplot:‘Organizedcrime’relatedto‘international
cooperation’ 164
9.1 Cooperativetriangleofstate-andnon-stategovernance
inmaritimesecurity 186
Preface and Acknowledgments
Non-state violence and crime frequently make it to the headlines, and
sodothemanyvoicesthatforecasttheendofeffectivestate-basedgov-
ernance. Why not bring both together and explore what one has to
do with the other? This, in short, is the aim of this edited volume.
Whenweinitiallystartedourendeavor,wegatheredscholarsfromdif-
ferent research backgrounds for a conference that turned out to be
both highly pleasant and productive. Since then, many of us have
met at other forums, and this book is the first major exploration of
whatthetransnationalgovernanceofviolenceandcrimemightmean.
Wehopereadersandauthorswillfindthisvolumeusefulwhenthinking
through major changes in security governance, limited statehood, and
non-state-actors’activities.
Ourspecialthanksgototheauthorsofthefollowingchapters.Their
dedicationhasgreatlysupportedourjobaseditors.Wealsothankthose
colleagues who provided us with constructive and important feedback
ondifferentoccasions,inparticularEvaBischoff,MelanieConi-Zimmer,
CorneliusFriesendorf,MarkusJachtenfuchs,andStefanoRuzza.Thomas
Risseimmediatelyshowedenthusiasmconcerningthisbookandgreatly
facilitateditspublication.
ThisbookisoneoutcomeofaresearchprojectatthePeaceResearch
Institute Frankfurt (PRIF/HSFK), Germany, led by the editors and
co-funded by the Cluster of Excellence ‘The Formation of Normative
Orders’ of the German Research Foundation (DFG). We are grateful for
this support. Anja P. Jakobi also thanks the Universities of Frankfurt,
Bielefeld, and Giessen for offering visiting professorships from 2011 to
2013whichwereagreathelpinfinalizingthisbook.
ix