The Targum of Samuel (Studies in the Aramaic Interpretation of Scripture, 1)

783 Pages·2002·39.69 MB·English

by  Eveline Van Staalduine-Sulman

SAIS 1
The Targum of Samuel
STUDIES IN
THE ARAMAIC INTERPRETATION
OF SCRIPTURE
— MANAGING EDITOR —
PAUL v. M.FLESHER University of Wyoming
— EDITORIAL BOARD —
BRUCE CHILTON Bard College
WILLEMS MELIK University College, London
JOHANNES c. DE MOOR Theological University,Kampen
MOSHE BERNSTEIN YeshivaUniversity
JOSEP RIBERA University of Barcelona
Volume 1
The Targum
of Samuel
by
EVELINE
VAN STAALDUINE
SULMAN
This book is printed on acid-free paper.
Die Deutsche Bibliothek - CIP-Eiitheitsaufhahme
Staalduine-Sulman, Eveline van :
The Targum of Samuel / by Eveline van Staalduine-Sulman.
- Leiden ; Boston ; Koln : Brill, 2002
(Studies in the Aramaic Interpretation of Scripture ; Vol. 1)
ISBN 90-04-12164-1
Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data
Library of Congress Cataloging-in Publication Data is also available
ISSN 1570-1336
ISBN 9004121641
© Copyright 2002 by Koninklyke Brill NV, Leiden, The Netherlands
All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, translated, stored in
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PRINTED IN THE NETHERLANDS
To Theo
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Contents
Preface xiii
1 Previous Work on Targum Samuel 1
1.1 Introduction 1
1.2 Targum Jonathan: Witness and Translation 4
1.2.1 Paul Anton Lagarde 4
1.2.2 Wilhelm Bacher 5
1.2.3 Zacharias Frankel 8
1.2.4 Samuel Holies Driver 11
1.2.5 Victor Aptowitzer 12
1.2.6 Paul Ernst Kahle 14
1.2.7 Pinkhos Churgin 17
1.2.8 Pieter Arie Hendrik de Boer 20
1.2.9 The Rabbinical Seminary of Budapest 21
1.2.9.1 Maier Vogel 22
1.2.9.2 Herman Helfgott 24
1.2.9.3 Yehuda Komlosh 26
1.2.9.4 Conclusion 28
1.3 Targum Jonathan: Text and Exegesis 29
1.3.1 Alexander Sperber 29
1.3.2 Samson H. Levey: Messianism and Dating 33
1.3.2.1 Messianism in TJon 33
1.3.2.2 The Date of TJon 35
1.3.3 Abraham Tal: The Date of TJon Revisited 37
1.3.4 Leivy Smolar and Moses Aberbach 38
1.3.5 Translators of The Aramaic Bible 40
1.3.6 Emiliano Martinez Borobio 43
1.3.7 Rimon Kasher and the Tosefta-Targumim 44
1.4 Conclusions 45
2 The Text of Targum Samuel 49
2.1 Introduction 49
2.2 Errors in Sperber's Edition 51
2.3 Manuscripts 53
2.3.1 Selected Manuscripts with the Complete Text 54
2.3.2 Incomplete Manuscripts, Fragments and Haftarot .... 57
viii CONTENTS
2.4 Targum Samuel as Haftara 59
2.4.1 The Annual Cycle 59
2.4.2 The Triennial Cycle 61
2.5 Recapitulation 62
3 Exegetical and Translational Features 63
3.1 Introduction 63
3.2 Rhetorical Devices 63
3.2.1 Introduction 63
3.2.2 Phonetic Figures 64
3.2.3 Structural Figures 66
3.2.3.1 Repetitio 66
3.2.3.2 Adiectio 70
3.2.3.3 Detractio 72
3.2.3.4 Transmutatio 73
3.2.3.5 Immutatio 74
3.2.3.6 Summary 75
3.2.4 Semantic Figures 76
3.2.4.1 Repetitio 76
3.2.4.2 Adiectio 77
3.2.4.3 Detractio 78
3.2.4.4 Transmutatio 79
3.2.4.5 Immutatio 81
3.2.4.6 Summary 85
3.3 Exegetical Techniques and Theological Motives 86
.3.3.1 Exegetical Techniques and the Middot 87
3.3.2 Exegetical Techniques in Modern Literature 88
3.3.3 Classification Model 90
3.3.3.1 Formal Methods 90
3.3.3.2 Exegetical Techniques 91
3.3.3.3 Stimuli and Motives 92
3.3.4 Classification of Exegetical Techniques 93
3.3.4.1 Demand for a Meaningful Basic Text 94
3.3.4.2 Demand for Clarity in the Co-text 98
3.3.4.3 Demand for Harmony in the Broadest Co-text 109
3.3.4.4 Actualization to the Translator's Context 117
3.3.4.5 Reverence for God and His People 121
3.3.4.6 Retention of Poetical Devices 129
3.3.4.7 Copyists' Concepts 129
3.3.5 Targum Samuel and the Tiqqune Sopherim 131
CONTENTS ix
3.4 Targum Samuel and the Hebrew Chronicles 132
3.5 Literalism in Targum Samuel 134
3.6 Recapitulation 137
4 Semantic Studies in the Targum of Samuel . 139
4.1 Introduction 139
4.2 The Rendering of Certain Hebrew Words 140
4.3 The Usage of Certain Aramaic Words 156
4.4 Conclusions 183
5 A Commentary on TJon 1 Samuel 185
5.1 Introduction 185
5.2 The Birth of Samuel (1 Samuel 1) 186
5.3 The Prophecy of Hannah (1 Samuel 2:1-10) 197
5.3.1 Hannah's Song as Haftara 197
5.3.2 Hannah's Song as Prophecy 198
5.3.3 Links with the Psalm of David (2 Sam. 22) 201
5.3.4 Links with the Magnificat and the Benedictus 203
5.3.5 Commentary 204
5.4 Serving in Shiloh (1 Samuel 2:11-36) 219
5.5 The Call of Samuel (1 Samuel 3) 229
5.6 The Capture of the Ark (1 Samuel 4) 235
5.7 In the Country of the Philistines (1 Samuel 5) 240
5.8 The Return of the Ark (1 Samuel 6:1-7:17) 245
5.9 The Demand for a King (1 Samuel 8) 258
5.10 Saul Anointed (1 Samuel 9:1-10:16) 263
5.11 The Chosen King 1 Samuel 10:17-27) 280
5.12 The Siege of Jabesh-gilead (1 Samuel 11:1-13) 283
5.13 Samuel's Farewell (1 Samuel 11:14-12:25) 288
5.14 Saul and Jonathan (1 Samuel 13-14) 299
5.15 Saul and the Amalekites (1 Samuel 15) 320
5.16 David Anointed, Saul Departed (1 Samuel 16) 337
5.17 Against Goliath (1 Samuel 17:1-18:5) 342
5.18 Saul's Jealousy (1 Samuel 18:6-30) 387
5.19 David's Flight to Samuel (1 Samuel 19) 395