The sustainable urban development reader

390 Pages·2004·33.377 MB·English

by  Stephen Wheeler, Timothy Beatley

THE SUSTAINABLE URBAN
DEVELOPMENT READER
The Sustainable Urban Development Readerbrings together classic readings from a wide variety of sources
to investigate how our cities and towns can become more sustainable.
Thirty-eight selections span issues such as land-use planning, urban design, transportation, ecolo-
gical restoration, economic development, resource use, and equity planning. Part introductions outline
the major themes, while the editors’ introductions to the individual writings explain their interest and
significance to wider debates. Additional parts present twenty-four case studies of real-world sustain-
able urban planning examples, sustainability planning exercises, and further reading.
Providing background in theory, practical application, and vision, in a clear, accessible format, The
Sustainable Urban Development Reader is an essential resource for students, professionals, and indeed
anyone interested in the future of urban environments.
Stephen M. Wheeler is Assistant Professor of Community and Regional Planning and Design at the
University of New Mexico, and Timothy Beatley is Teresa Heinz Professor of Sustainable Commu-
nities, in the School of Architecture at the University of Virginia.
THE ROUTLEDGE URBAN READER SERIES
Series editors
Richard T. LeGates
Professor of Urban Studies, San Francisco State University
Frederic Stout
Lecturer in Urban Studies, Stanford University
The Routledge Urban Reader Series responds to the need for comprehensive coverage of the classic
and essential texts that form the basis of intellectual work in the various academic disciplines and
professional fields concerned with cities.
The readers focus on the key topics encountered by undergraduates, graduates and scholars in urban
studies and allied fields. They discuss the contributions of major theoreticians and practitioners and other
individuals, groups, and organizations that study the city or practise in a field that directly affects the city.
As well as drawing together the best of classic and contemporary writings on the city, each reader
features extensive general, section and selection introductions prepared by the volume editors to place
the selections in context, illustrate relations among topics, provide information on the author and point
readers towards additional related bibliographic material.
Each reader will contain:
n Approximately thirty-six selections divided into approximately six sections. Almost all of the selec-
tions will be previously published works that have appeared as journal articles or portions of books.
n A general introduction describing the nature and purpose of the reader.
n Two- to three-page section introductionsfor each section of the reader to place the readings in context.
n A one-page selection introductionfor each selection describing the author, the intellectual background
of the selection, competing views of the subject matter of the selection and bibliographic references
to other readings by the same author and other readings related to the topic.
n A plate section with twelve to fifteen plates and illustrations at the beginning of each section.
n An index.

The types of readers and forthcoming titles are as follows:
THE CITY READER
The City Reader: third edition– an interdisciplinary urban reader aimed at urban studies, urban planning,
urban geography and urban sociology courses – will be the anchor urban reader. Routledge published a
first edition of The City Reader in 1996 and a second edition in 2000. The City Reader has become one
of the most widely used anthologies in urban studies, urban geography, urban sociology and urban plan-
ning courses in the world.
URBAN DISCIPLINARY READERS
The series will contain urban disciplinary readersorganized around social science disciplines. The urban dis-
ciplinary readers will include both classic writings and recent, cutting-edge contributions to the respective
disciplines. They will be lively, high-quality, competitively priced readers which faculty can adopt as
course texts and which will also appeal to a wider audience.
TOPICAL URBAN ANTHOLOGIES
The urban series will also include topical urban readersintended both as primary and supplemental course
texts and for the trade and professional market.
INTERDISCIPLINARY ANCHOR TITLE
The City Reader: third edition
Richard T. LeGates and Frederic Stout (eds)
URBAN DISCIPLINARY READERS TOPICAL URBAN READERS
The Urban Geography Reader The City Cultures Reader: second edition
Nick Fyfe and Judith Kenny (eds) Malcolm Miles, Tim Hall with Iain Borden (eds)
The Urban Sociology Reader The Cybercities Reader
Jan Lin and Christopher Mele (eds) Stephen Graham (ed.)
The Urban Politics Reader The Sustainable Urban Development Reader
Elizabeth Strom and John Mollenkopf (eds) Stephen M. Wheeler and Timothy Beatley (eds)
The Urban and Regional Planning Reader The Global Cities Reader
Eugenie Birch (ed.) Neil Brenner and Roger Keil (eds)
For further information on The Routledge Urban Reader Series

please visit our website:
www.geographyareana.com/geographyareana/urbanreaderseries
or contact:
Andrew Mould Richard T. LeGates Frederic Stout
Routledge Urban Studies Program Urban Studies Program
11 New Fetter Lane San Francisco State University Stanford University
London EC4P 4EE 1600 Holloway Avenue Stanford, California 94305-6050
England San Francisco, California 94132 [phone]
[email protected] [phone] [email protected]
[email protected]

The Sustainable Urban
Development Reader
Edited by
Stephen M. Wheeler
and
Timothy Beatley
First published 2004
by Routledge
11 New Fetter Lane, London EC4P 4EE
Simultaneously published in the USA and Canada
by Routledge
29 West 35th Street, New York, NY 10001
Routledge is an imprint of the Taylor & Francis Group
This edition published in the Taylor & Francis e-Library, 2004.
© 2004 Selection and editorial matter Stephen M. Wheeler and Timothy Beatley
All rights reserved. No part of this book may be reprinted or reproduced or utilized
in any form or by any electronic, mechanical, or other means, now known or
hereafter invented, including photocopying and recording, or in any information
storage or retrieval system, without permission in writing from the publishers.
British Library Cataloguing in Publication Data
A catalogue record for this book is available from the British Library
Library of Congress Cataloging in Publication Data
The sustainable urban development reader / edited by Stephen M. Wheeler
and Timothy Beatley.
p. cm. — (The Routledge urban reader series)
Includes bibliographical references and index.
1. City planning. 2. Community development, Urban. 3. Sustainable development.
I. Wheeler, Stephen (Stephen Maxwell ) II. Beatley, Timothy, 1957– III. Series.
HT166.S9135 2004
307.1′216—dc22 2003015200
ISBN 0-203-50162-4 Master e-book ISBN
ISBN 0-203-57320-X (Adobe eReader Format)
ISBN 0-415-31186-1 (hbk)
ISBN 0-415-31187-X (pbk)
To Mimi, and to the late Dave Brower, whose example
and encouragement have been invaluable (SW)
To Anneke and Carolena (TB)

Contents
Acknowledgments xiv
Introduction 1
PART 1 ORIGINS OF THE SUSTAINABILITY CONCEPT 5
Introduction 7
“The Three Magnets” 11
Ebenezer Howard
“Cities and the Crisis of Civilization” 15
Lewis Mumford
“The Land Ethic” 20
Aldo Leopold
“Orthodox Planning and The North End” 30
Jane Jacobs
“Plight and Prospect” 35
Ian L. McHarg
“The Development of Underdevelopment” 38
Andre Gunder Frank
“Perspectives, Problems, and Models” 42
Donella H. Meadows, Dennis L. Meadows, Jörgen Randers,
and William W. Behrens III
“The Steady-State Economy” 47
Herman E. Daly
“Towards Sustainable Development” 53
World Commission on Environment and Development
(The Brundtland Commission)