The Sources and Sitz Im Leben of Matthew 23

209 Pages·9.548 MB·English

by  Kenneth G. C. Newport

l i b r a r y o f n e w t e s t a m e n t s t u d i e s
The SourceS
ANd SiTz
im LebeN of
mATThew 23

Kenneth G.C. newport
JOURNAL FOR THE STUDY OF THE NEW TESTAMENT
SUPPLEMENT SERIES
117
Executive Editor
Stanley E. Porter
Editorial Board
Richard Bauckham, David Catchpole, R. Alan Culpepper,
Joanna Dewey, James D.G. Dunn, Craig A. Evans, Robert Fowler,
Robert Jewett, Elizabeth Struthers Malbon, Dan O. Via
Sheffield Academic Press
Sheffield

The Sources and Sitz im Leben
of Matthew 23
Kenneth G.C. Newport
Journal for the Study of the New Testament
Supplement Series 117
For Matthew, Stephen and Sarah
Copyright © 1995 Sheffield Academic Press
Published by Sheffield Academic Press Ltd
Mansion House
19 Kingfield Road
Sheffield, SI1 9 AS
England
British Library Cataloguing in Publication Data
A catalogue record for this book is available
from the British Library
EISBN 9781850755579
CONTENTS
Acknowledgments 7
Abbreviations 8
Introduction 11
Chapter 1
COMPOSITIONAL THEORIES 15
1. Michael D.Goulder 19
2. Dennis G. Tevis 40
3. M.-E. Boismard 47
4. The Two-Document Hypothesis 49
5. The Four-Document Hypothesis 53
Appendix 56
Chapter 2
THE SITZ IM LEBEN OF MATTHEW 23 61
1. The Sitz im Leben of Matthew's Gospel 61
2. The Intention of Matthew in Matthew 23 68
3. The Original Sitz im Leben of Matthew 23.2-31 76
Chapter 3
PRE-70 CE JEWISH CUSTOMS AND PRACTICES IN MATTHEW 23 80
1. Moses'Seat 81
2. Phylacteries 85
3. Tassels 88
4. Rabbi 90
5. Father 95
6. Master 96
7. Proselytes 98
8. Oath Forms 100
9. Tithing 102
10. Gnat-Straining 103
The Sources and Sitz im Leben of Matthew 23
11. Cup-Cleaning 105
12. Tombs 107
13. The Pharisees 111
14. The Scribes 114
15. Conclusion 116
Chapter 4
EXEGESIS OF MATTHEW 23 117
1. Matthew 23.1-31 118
2. Matthew 23.32-39 149
3. Conclusion 155
Chapter 5
LINKS BETWEEN MATTHEW 23 AND OTHER MATERIAL
IN THE GOSPEL 157
1. The Sitz im Leben of the Sermon on the Mount and
Matthew 23: General Remarks 158
2. Links between Matthew 23 and Other Sections of the
Gospel: Specific Notes 160
3. Conclusion 176
Appendix 177
Chapter 6
CONCLUSION 182
Bibliography 187
Index of References 196
Index of Authors 203
ACKNOWLEDGMENTS
Thanks and appreciation are due to many individuals all of whom have
in one way or another made a contribution towards the writing of this
monograph; I mention just a few. Professor E.P. Sanders provided not
only excellent supervision but also valued friendship and support.
Professor William Farmer, Dr Harry Leonard, Dr John Baildam and
Mr Malcolm Bull read the entire manuscript and offered many valuable
suggestions. I feel a particular debt also to Professor M.D. Goulder who
similarly offered many valuable criticisms. Particular thanks are due to
friends and colleages at the University of Manchester and at Liverpool
Institute of Higher Education for constant encouragement and support.
My greatest appreciation, however, must be for my wife Rose-Marie.
She has supported me in every possible way over several years. Only
those who have experienced such committed and selfless support will
know the truth of the old cliche 'without her this book would not have
been written'.
Manchester, 1995
ABBREVIATIONS
AB Anchor Bible
ANRW Aufstieg und Niedergang der romischen Welt
APOT R.H. Charles (ed.), Apocrypha and Pseudepigrapha of the Old
Testament
ATR Anglican Theological Review
BAGD W. Bauer, W.F. Arndt, F.W. Gingrich and F.W. Danker,
Greek-English Lexicon of the New Testament
BDB F. Brown, S.R. Driver and C.A. Briggs, Hebrew and English
Lexicon of the Old Testament
BEvT Beitrage zur evangelischen Theologie
Bib Biblica
BJRL Bulletin of the John Ry lands University Library of Manchester
BJS Brown Judaic Studies
BNTC Black's New Testament Commentaries
CBQ Catholic Biblical Quarterly
CTR Catholic Theological Review
EncJud Encyclopaedia Judaica
EvQ Evangelical Quarterly
ExpTim Expository Times
FRLANT Forschungen zur Religion und Literatur des Alten und Neuen
Testaments
GKC Gesenius' Hebrew Grammar, ed. E. Kautzsch, trans.
A.E. Cowley
HTR Harvard Theological Review
HUCA Hebrew Union College Annual
IDB G.A. Buttrick (ed.), Interpreter's Dictionary of the Bible
Int Interpretation
JBL Journal of Biblical Literature
JewEnc The Jewish Encyclopedia
JNES Journal of Near Eastern Studies
JQR Jewish Quarterly Review
JSJ Journal for the Study of Judaism
JSNT Journal for the Study of the New Testament
JTS Journal of Theological Studies
LSJ Liddell-Scott-Jones, Greek-English Lexicon
NCB New Century Bible
NovT Novum Testamentum
NovTSup Novum Testamentum Supplements
NTS New Testament Studies
Abbreviations
PEFQS Palestine Exploration Fund, Quarterly Statement
PEQ Palestine Exploration Quarterly
RB Revue biblique
REJ Revue des etudes juives
SANT Studien zum Alten und Neuen Testament
SE Studia Evangelica I, II, m (= TU 73 [1959], 87 [1964], 88
[1964], etc.)
SJT Scottish Journal of Theology
SNTSMS Society for New Testament Studies Monograph Series
SR Studies in Religion/Sciences religieuses
Str-B [H. Strack and] P. Billerbeck, Kommentar zum Neuen
Testament aus Talmud und Midrasch
THKNT Theologischer Handkommentar zum Neuen Testament
TNTC Tyndale New Testament Commentaries
TynBul Tyndale Bulletin
ZNW Zeitschriftfiir die neutestamentliche Wissenschaft
ZTK Zeitschrift fur Theologie und Kirche