The Social Cognitive Actor A multi-actor simulation of organisations

328 Pages·2006·4.56 MB·English

The Social Cognitive Actor
A multi-actor simulation of organisations
Commits_to Commits_to
Influences Influences
Social
construct
ACTOR X ACTOR Y
ACrcohgitneictitvuere Part_of Part_of ACrcohgitneictitvuere
Knowledge Knowledge
Expressed as
Shared Shared
Language
mits_to CPoenrssotrnuaclt Signs Caocntitoennt Signs CPoenrssotrnuaclt mits_to
m m
o information o
C Goals Goals C
Exists_in Context / Organization Exists_in
Umwelt
MARTINHELMHOUT
Publisher: LabyrintPublications
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ISBN-10: 90-5335-100-0
ISBN-13: 978-90-5335-100-0
'2006,MartinHelmhout
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RijksUniversiteitGroningen
TheSocialCognitiveActor
Amulti-actorsimulationoforganisations
Proefschrift
terverkrijgingvanhetdoctoraatinde
Bedrijfskunde
aandeRijksuniversiteitGroningen
opgezagvande
RectorMagni(cid:2)cus,dr. F.Zwarts,
inhetopenbaarteverdedigenop
donderdag30november2006
om13.15uur
door
JanMartinHelmhout
geborenop31januari1974
teAssen
Promotores: Prof. dr. H.W.M.Gazendam
Prof. dr. R.J.Jorna
Beoordelingscommissie: Prof. dr. K.Liu
Prof. dr. A.M.Sorge
Prof. dr. R.Sun
Preface
Thedissertationthatisinyourhandsisthefruitofthelastfouryearsofresearch
done in the (cid:2)eld of Multi-Agent Systems, Arti(cid:2)cial Intelligence, Informatics,
Cognitive Science, Social Science and Organisation Studies. Bringing together
differentdisciplineshasbeenachallengingandacomplextask. Theoutcome,
put together in a simulation model, will hopefully help others discover new
waysofpractisingtheartofcognitiveandsocialmodelling.
My background as a mechanical engineer may not seem to be in line with
theresearchthatIamcurrentlyinvolvedin. Indeed, constructsofthephiloso-
phyofthemind,socialconstruction,multi-actorsoftwareprograms,andsocial
behaviourseemtodiffer,inessence,frommechanicalengineering.
However, this dissertation focuses on the process of construction as in me-
chanics. Only this time, the focus is on social construction. It is probably the
topicofsocialconstructionthat(re-)constructedmythoughtsaboutthe(social)
worldwelivein.
I want to thank my promoters Prof. Henk Gazendam and Prof. Rene· Jorna
forthischangeinlookingattheworldaroundme. Althoughthemanydiscus-
sionsIhadaboutthefunctionalstructureofthemindandhowsocialconstructs,
shared by people, in(cid:3)uence behaviour even at the lower level of thinking that
complicated my vision of the world, they also challenged me to the extent of
developingaworkablemodel.
TheroleofaPhDcandidateisasocialconstructioninitsownright,created
byamutualagreementbetweentheUniversityofGroningen,theSOMresearch
school,mypromotersandI.IwanttothanktheUniversityofGroningen,SOM
and my promoters for giving me the opportunity to engage in this social con-
struction.
Many people played an important role in contributing to the work deliv-
eredinthisdissertation. IntheearlyphaseofmyPhD,Iworkedtogetherwith
Diederik Kraaikamp, Luit Gazendam, Rene· Jorna, Tomas Klos, Jos Schreine-
makersandBartNooteboomonAgent-BasedComputationalTransactionCost
Economics. IthankallofthemforthefruitfuldiscussionsIhadwiththemthat
deliverednewideasandexperienceofhowacognitive(social)actorshouldbe
modelled(seeKraaikamp,2003).
Next, a period of programming started that resulted in a software package
whichcanbedownloadedfromhttp://sourceforge.net/projects/act-rbot. The
softwareprogrammingconsumedmanyhoursofdedicationnotonlybymebut
alsoGijsRoest. OurjoinedeffortsresultedintheRBot-Project(seeRoest,2004)
inwhichGijsconcentratedatcreatinganewmemorymodelthatincorporated
the ACT-R model successfully. Gijs, thank you for being such a critical and
inventivecolleague.
The people who probably understand my work the best are Henk Gazen-
dam and Rene· Jorna. Henk Gazendam is to be admired, because he not
only reviewed my theoretical work, but also my software by transforming his
SmallTalk skills into JAVA. He is to be complimented on assimilating many
classes and lines of software code. Henk was a constructive reviewer. He not
only provided comments like ’onzin’ (nonsense) on my work, but also shared
ideasandgavedetailedargumentsthathelpedimprovemyworktremendously.
Henk,thankyouverymuchforyourdetailedfeedback.
MysecondsupervisorRene· isanintelligentandveryactiveresearcherwho
is interested in the cognitive actor; according to Rene·, an actor is not an (eco-
nomic)agent.Asaresearcherandacognitivepsychologist,hemanagedtoopen
uptheworldofcognitiontome.Asamanagerialactor,Rene·alwaystriedto(cid:2)nd
awaytomakethingspossible,beitforresearchpurposesorothers,andIhave
to admit, he always found a way. Rene·, thank you for sharing your cognitive
skillsandyourpassionforresearchwithme.
Ialsowanttothankmypromotioncommittee: Prof.KechengLiuasanor-
ganisational semiotician and applied informatics expert, Prof. Arndt Sorge as
anorganisationalsociologistandProf.RonSunasacognitivescientistandcog-
nitive multi-agent modeller. I am grateful to them for their suggestions, time
andthecarefulreadingofmymanuscript. IalsowouldliketothankProf.John
MichonwhoasacognitivescientistandProf.RonStamperwhoasanexpertin
organisationalsemioticsprovidedvaluableinsights.
Furthermore, I want to thank all the PhD students and people with whom
I shared experiences, of(cid:2)ce space and the complex of WSN and DRS building
during my PhD years: Niels, Kristian, Nanda, Marloes, Gerben, Laura, Joost,
Larissa, Ruben, Jan, Filippo, Jacques, Thomas, Bert, Herman, Simon, Hans,
Hans, Gert, Gijs, Nick, Mark, Petra, Xander, Sonja, Wander, Kees, Frank, Jo-
hanna,Roger,Jan,Willem,Derk-Jan,Marjolein,Wim,Marinaandofcoursethe
secretariesSonja,Hennie,Monique,Tanja,AnnetandDurkje.
A special thank you goes out to Niels, one of my paranimfen, who always
was in for discussions, solved programme puzzles and was a great support
throughoutmyPhDyears.
Next,IwanttothankmyfriendsinUtrechtandHeerenveen,aswellasmy
family. Inparticular, Iwanttodedicatethisworktomyuncle, apurescientist
(a physicist), who loved academic work as much as I do. I would also like to
thank my mother Jannie, Jans, Hanita, Rolf, Mark and Frank who had to bear
the burden of listening to many stories about the challenges of doing a PhD.
BesidesthatIwanttothankmyfamilyinlawPolat, Gu¤lten, Banu, Alper, Ilay,
C‚igdemandAli.
And(cid:2)nally,IwanttothankmywifeAys‚e. Ays‚egavemesomuch,notonly
herloveandcare, butalsoacademicsupportandtheconsistencyofherbright
mind.
Groningen,24October2006
MartinHelmhout

To the past and the future,
to my father and son, Anne.