Table Of ContentTHE ROUTLEDGE COMPANION TO
ENVIRONMENTAL ETHICS
Written for a wide range of readers in environmental science, philosophy, and policy-oriented
programs The Routledge Companion to Environmental Ethics is a landmark, comprehensive reference
work in this interdisciplinary field. Not merely a review of theoretical approaches to the ethics of
the environment, the Companion focuses on specific environmental problems and other concrete
issues. Its 65 chapters, all appearing in print here for the first time, have been organized into the
following eleven parts:
I. Animals
II. Land
III. Water
IV. Climate
V. Energy and Extraction
VI. Cities
VII. Agriculture
VIII. Environmental Transformation
IX. Policy Frameworks and Response Measures
X. Regulatory Tools
XI. Advocacy and Activism
The volume not only explains the nuances of important core philosophical positions, but also
cuts new pathways for the integration of important ethical and policy issues into environmental
philosophy. It will be of immense help to undergraduate students and other readers coming up
to the field for the first time, but also serve as a valuable resource for more advanced students as
well as researchers who need a trusted resource that also offers fresh, policy-centered approaches.
Benjamin Hale is Associate Professor in the Departments of Philosophy and Environmental
Studies at the University of Colorado, Boulder. His primary area of research is environmental
and public health ethics, and he is the author of the book, The Wild and the Wicked: On Nature and
Human Nature (2016).
Andrew Light is University Professor of Philosophy, Public Policy, and Atmospheric Sciences,
and Director of the Institute for Philosophy and Public Policy at George Mason University. He
is currently on leave, serving as Assistant Secretary of Energy for International Affairs at the
U.S. Department of Energy. He is the author of over 100 articles and book chapters on climate
change, restoration ecology, and urban sustainability, and has authored, co-authored, and ed-
ited 19 books, including Environmental Values (Routledge, 2008), Moral and Political Reasoning in
Environmental Practice (2003), Technology and the Good Life? (2000), and Environmental Pragmatism
(Routledge, 1996). He was previously a Senior Fellow at the Center for American Progress and
a Distinguished Senior Fellow at the World Resources Institute in Washington, D.C., and served
as Senior Advisor and India Counselor to the U.S. Special Envoy for Climate Change in the U.S.
Department of State.
Lydia A. Lawhon is Research Associate in the Environmental Studies Program at the Univer-
sity of Colorado, Boulder. Her research broadly investigates the drivers of practical conflicts be-
tween people and large carnivores and the political conflicts between people over large carnivore
management.
ROUTLEDGE PHILOSOPHY COMPANIONS
Routledge Philosophy Companions offer thorough, high quality surveys and assessments of the major
topics and periods in philosophy. Covering key problems, themes and thinkers, all entries are spe-
cially commissioned for each volume and written by leading scholars in the field. Clear, accessible
and carefully edited and organised, Routledge Philosophy Companions are indispensable for anyone
coming to a major topic or period in philosophy, as well as for the more advanced reader.
Also available:
THE ROUTLEDGE COMPANION TO THE FRANKFURT SCHOOL
Edited by Peter E. Gordon, Espen Hammer, Axel Honneth
THE ROUTLEDGE COMPANION TO FEMINIST PHILOSOPHY
Edited by Ann Garry, Serene J. Khader, and Alison Stone
THE ROUTLEDGE COMPANION TO PHILOSOPHY OF PSYCHOLOGY,
SECOND EDITION
Edited by Sarah Robins, John Symons, and Paco Calvo
THE ROUTLEDGE COMPANION TO MEDIEVAL PHILOSOPHY
Edited by Richard Cross and JT Paasch
THE ROUTLEDGE COMPANION TO PHILOSOPHY OF PHYSICS
Edited by Eleanor Knox and Alastair Wilson
THE ROUTLEDGE COMPANION TO ENVIRONMENTAL ETHICS
Edited by Benjamin Hale, Andrew Light, and Lydia A. Lawhon
For more information about this series, please visit: https://www.routledge.com/Routledge-
Philosophy-Companions/book-series/PHILCOMP
THE ROUTLEDGE COMPANION
TO ENVIRONMENTAL ETHICS
Edited by Benjamin Hale, Andrew Light,
and Lydia A. Lawhon
Cover image: ©Vibro1 via Getty Images
First published 2023
by Routledge
605 Third Avenue, New York, NY 10158
and by Routledge
4 Park Square, Milton Park, Abingdon, Oxon, OX14 4RN
Routledge is an imprint of the Taylor & Francis Group, an informa business
© 2023 Taylor & Francis
The right of Benjamin Hale, Andrew Light, and Lydia A. Lawhon to be
identified as the authors of the editorial material, and of the authors for their
individual chapters, has been asserted in accordance with sections 77 and 78 of
the Copyright, Designs and Patents Act 1988.
All rights reserved. No part of this book may be reprinted or reproduced or
utilised in any form or by any electronic, mechanical, or other means, now
known or hereafter invented, including photocopying and recording, or in any
information storage or retrieval system, without permission in writing from the
publishers.
Trademark notice: Product or corporate names may be trademarks or registered
trademarks, and are used only for identification and explanation without intent
to infringe.
Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data
A catalog record for this title has been requested
ISBN: 978-1-138-78492-5 (hbk)
ISBN: 978-1-032-29119-2 (pbk)
ISBN: 978-1-315-76809-0 (ebk)
DOI: 10.4324/9781315768090
Typeset in Bembo
by codeMantra
CONTENTS
List of Figures xiii
List of Tables xiv
Notes on Contributors xv
Introduction 1
Benjamin Hale and Andrew Light
PART I
Animals 3
1 Animal Cognition and Moral Status 5
Robert C. Jones
2 Eating 20
Dan Hooley and Nathan Nobis
3 Experimentation 31
Larry Carbone
4 Companion Animals 40
Clare Palmer and T. J. Kasperbauer
5 Species and Wildlife 51
Lee Brann, Alexandra Laird, and Alexander Lee
6 Wild Animals 63
Jeff Sebo
7 Hunting 72
Nathan Kowalsky
vii
Contents
PART II
Land 85
8 Forests 87
Lydia A. Lawhon
9 Mountains: Rethinking Thinking Like a Mountain 96
David Strong
10 Wilderness 110
Michael Paul Nelson
11 National Parks 124
Holmes Rolston, III
12 Landscape 133
Allen Carlson
13 Property 143
Markku Oksanen
PART III
Water 155
14 Water Quality and Availability 157
Jeremy J. Schmidt
15 Wetlands 168
J. Baird Callicott
16 Rivers and Watersheds 179
Alan J. Rabideau and Kenneth E. Shockley
17 Ocean Policy 192
Carl Safina
18 Fishing and Harvesting 205
Mary Lyn Stoll
19 The Ethics of Marine Protected Areas 215
Nathan J. Bennett and Kai M. A. Chan
viii
Contents
PART IV
Climate 231
20 Moral Bases of Responses to Climate Change 233
David R. Morrow
21 Climate Modeling 245
Wendy S. Parker
22 Climate Change Mitigation 256
Marcus Hedahl, Kyle Fruh, and Lindsay Whitlow
23 Climate Justice and Equity 271
Steve Vanderheiden
24 Geoengineering 280
Benjamin Hale and Michael Pellegrino
25 Skepticism and Denialism 293
Jay Odenbaugh
PART V
Energy and Extraction 315
26 Fossil Fuels 317
Kian Mintz-Woo
27 Mining 327
Jessica M. Smith
28 Nuclear Power 338
John Nolt
29 Hydropower 349
Jonas Anshelm and Simon Haikola
30 Renewable Energy 359
Anne Schwenkenbecher and Martin Brueckner
31 Natural Gas and Fracking 374
Adam Briggle
ix
Contents
32 Energy Poverty 387
Robin Attfield
PART VI
Cities 395
33 Urban Sustainability 397
Steven A. Moore and Meghan Kleon
34 Urban Parks and Open Space 412
Roger Paden
35 Suburbs and Exurbs 422
Robert Kirkman
36 Transportation 431
Lisa Schweitzer
37 Waste and Consumption 442
Jen Everett and Rich Cameron
PART VII
Agriculture 457
38 Food 459
David M. Kaplan
39 Industrial Agriculture 470
Paul B. Thompson
40 Biotechnology 481
Dane Scott
41 Sustainable Agriculture 492
Alastair Iles
42 Community Gardens 503
Stephanie Ross
PART VIII
Environmental Transformation 513
43 Remediation 515
Marion Hourdequin
x
