The Role that Latin Americans Play in Advocacy of Universal Human Rights

274 Pages·2016·7.21 MB·English

UCLA
UCLA Electronic Theses and Dissertations
Title
The Role that Latin Americans Play in Advocacy of Universal Human Rights
Permalink
https://escholarship.org/uc/item/2428r0fg
Author
Limon, Luis Mayolo
Publication Date
2016

Peer reviewed|Thesis/dissertation
eScholarship.org Powered by the California Digital Library
University of California
UNIVERISTY OF CALIFORNIA
Los Angeles
The Role that Latin Americans Play in
Advocacy of Universal Human Rights

A thesis submitted in partial satisfaction
of the requirements for the degree Master of Arts
in Latin American Studies
by
Luis Mayolo Limon, Jr.
2016
© Copyright by
Luis Mayolo Limon, Jr.
2016
ABSTRACT OF THE THESIS
The Role that Latin Americans Play in Advocacy of Universal Human Rights
by
Luis Mayolo Limon, Jr.

Master of Arts in Latin American Studies
University of California, Los Angeles, 2016
Professor Leobardo Estrada, Chair

Latin America in global governance is the humanist of the world; the history of its
colonization and depopulation of indigenous people, independence from incompetent monopolist,
and struggle to maintain their sovereignty today place them at the forefront of humanity. Latin
American politics is unique in the world because on an international level, they protect, defend,
and advocate the equality of all human beings regardless of national origin, and second, nations
around the world can adopt the Latin American courter---­‐ hegemonic model and seek their own
development. Through diplomatic modes of interactions, sovereign nations in Latin America have
surpassed bilateral negotiations with each other and the region to, in 1945, all become founding
members of the global institution of multilateral forums known as the United Nations (UN).
ii
The United Nations provides the forum for nations to collaborate on issues of global
impact and concern such as economic development, peace and security, environmental protection,
and most important, human rights. More than sixty years from its inception, the United Nations
has failed to curtail nuclear proliferation, economic inequality for the majority of the seven billion
people of the world, and the over sixty wars that have ensued since. Despite the existence of the
Security Council, of which solely five countries have both permanent status and the right to veto,
and the General Assembly comprised of ninety---­‐ seven percent of the world’s governments, have
not been able to use their resources and cooperation to prevent human rights violations and
environmental degradation that threatens all life on earth; while man cannot prevent natural
disasters their economic development and exponential population growth does stress the
ecosystems and their ability to sustain life. Because individual interest can manifest their
dominance though monopolistic and authoritative bodies on national levels, international relations
can reveal why inaction during humanitarian crisis and the scarcity of technologic, economic, and
human resources to remedy destruction are ineffective in global governance but surprisingly
effective through the actions of powerful individuals and group coalitions. The junction between
nations representing individuals on an international level, and individuals representing their
interest internationally, in its reflexive analysis provides the foundation to assess that Latin
America is the lobbying force behind the universal enforcement of respect for human rights.
iii
The thesis of Luis Mayolo Limon, Jr. is approved

Bonnie Taub
Raul Hinojosa-Ojeda
Kevin Terraciano
Leobardo Estrada, Committee Chair

University of California, Los Angeles 2016
iv
TABLE
 OF
 CONTENTS

CHAPTER 1: THE LONGEST VOYAGE ...................................................................................................... 1

Preface .................................................................................................................................................... 1

Swim ................................................................................................................................................... 1

Introduction ............................................................................................................................................ 5

Hypothesis: ........................................................................................................................................... 10

Paint the picture .................................................................................................................................... 13

Spirituality ............................................................................................................................................ 14

CHAPTER 2: FRAME OF HUMAN RELATIONS ........................................................................................ 18

Think…And the word was made Flesh .......................................................................................... 18

Understood System .............................................................................................................................. 19

The Nature of the Approach and Methodology .................................................................................... 21

Philosophic and Physical Field of Study .............................................................................................. 26

Defining Objectives .............................................................................................................................. 29

Why Human Rights? ............................................................................................................................ 31

What makes Latin America Different? ................................................................................................. 33

Alien View ........................................................................................................................................... 37

Historic View ....................................................................................................................................... 40

Literature Review ................................................................................................................................. 47

International Relations ................................................................................................................... 48

Formation of Nation--‐States ................................................................................................................ 48

Before WWI ......................................................................................................................................... 49

After WWI ........................................................................................................................................... 51

WWII ................................................................................................................................................... 53

Of the Twenty Latin American Countries… ........................................................................................ 54

Modern Day Elite ................................................................................................................................. 58

CHAPTER 3: BORN TO SERVE OTHERS ................................................................................................. 62

Born ................................................................................................................................................. 62

The Social Conquest of the Western Hemisphere .......................................................................... 64

Origin of Morals ................................................................................................................................... 72

In 1492, Columbus (Adelantado) sailed the Ocean Blue ..................................................................... 75

First Contact and Gifts ......................................................................................................................... 81

Levels of Human Devastation .............................................................................................................. 87

v
Death of Human Capital ....................................................................................................................... 89

Incompetence to Independence ............................................................................................................ 94

CHAPTER 4: LATIN AMERICA’S ROLE IN MAKING HUMAN RIGHTS UNIVERSAL ............................ 109

First 1% of Latin America (Potosi) .................................................................................................... 114

Haiti Paves the Way for Latin America .............................................................................................. 117

How the 1% Continue to Win: David Harvey’s A Short History of Neoliberalism ........................... 119

Human Rights Internationalizes ......................................................................................................... 125

Alfonso Garcia Robles ....................................................................................................................... 126

Human Rights Council and Participation of Indigenous People ........................................................ 135

Ethnicity Inc. ...................................................................................................................................... 138

Criticize the Status Quo ...................................................................................................................... 144

Status Quo Could Save the Bottom Billion from Destruction ............................................................ 145

Recent Success for Latin American Autonomy ................................................................................. 146

CHAPTER 5: THE SELFISH TRUTH ....................................................................................................... 150

Are Human beings really destroying the world? ................................................................................ 153

The Social Conquest of Earth ............................................................................................................ 154

The Human Conquest of the World .................................................................................................... 157

Institutional Conquest of Faith ........................................................................................................... 159

The World Knows Because We Pressed ............................................................................................ 163

Politics of Fear and Destruction ......................................................................................................... 164

Los Chamanes De Mexico ............................................................................................................. 166

Conclusion ......................................................................................................................................... 175

The World Can’t Wait! ...................................................................................................................... 175

CONCLUSION ..................................................................................................................................... 177

EPILOGUE: ILLUMINATING PHILOSOPHY ........................................................................................... 185

Eyes as Conduit of Information .......................................................................................................... 197

Mind as Conductor of Information ..................................................................................................... 200

APPENDIX A ........................................................................................................................................ 212

Overview of Latin America and its International Character ........................................................ 212

Summary ........................................................................................................................................ 214

World Governments ....................................................................................................................... 215

Economic Assessment of Latin America and the World .............................................................. 218

Summary ........................................................................................................................................ 227

United Nations Votes ..................................................................................................................... 229

Summary ........................................................................................................................................ 235

vi
International Perspective .............................................................................................................. 236

Summary ........................................................................................................................................ 238

APPENDIX B ....................................................................................................................................... 241

Overview: Entertainment before and after Images ...................................................................... 241

Philosophic Debate ............................................................................................................................. 244

BIBLIOGRAPHY ..................................................................................................................................... 255

vii
CHAPTER 1: THE LONGEST VOYAGE
Preface1
Swim
Death was more certain than life and despite the infinite possibilities you kept swimming
without fear of it and you did it; you were prepared to swim even if it was to your end.

At the same time, there it was also swimming; it had no idea what its purpose was, it had
seen many others go before, but where and why had they not come back? It didn’t know, but this
time it was summoned and there was no turning back, only forward, in the darkness of exile it
waited. It searched for all the others that had gone before but the expansive darkness offered
neither light on where the others had gone, nor light to guide it where to go; it acutely became
aware that time had delivered its verdict and that in the darkness its justice had marked it as a
target and would soon consume its existence.

Treacherous distances away, you swim with one aim, to hold on to your existence by
getting away knowing that once you began to swim, there is no turning back.

You keep swimming, not even the darkness of the unknown deters your desire to live but
instead serves as the fire that ignites your energy and sends you off like a shooting star, but the
inevitable occurs, you begin to loose strength, but nothing stops you. The effort reaps rewards---­‐
there, a luminous cosmic body unaware of its lucidity attracts you. It is the sign that your swim far
from over, was about to become a true testament of one’s will to survive; you are close to your
mission to exist, but what to do next?

1 In a calculated effort, the citations in this opening chapter will be sparse and remedied in the subsequent chapters so as
to frame the discussion in a progressive manner liberal on a philosophic reflection
1