The Role of Microtubules in Cell Biology, Neurobiology, and Oncology

587 Pages·2008·0.38 MB·English

by  Ernest Hamel MD (auth.)

T R M C B ,
HE OLE OF ICROTUBULES IN ELL IOLOGY
N , O
EUROBIOLOGY AND NCOLOGY
C D D
ANCER RUG ISCOVERY
D
AND EVELOPMENT
BEVERLY A. TEICHER, PhD
SERIESEDITOR
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Antiangiogenic Agents in Cancer Therapy, Therapeutics,edited byGurmit Singh and
Second Edition,edited byBeverly A. Teicher Shafaat A. Rabbani,2005
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Apoptosis and Senescencein Cancer William J. LaRochelle and Richard A.
Chemotherapy and Radiotherapy,Second Shimkets,2005
Edition,edited byDavid A. Gerwitz,Shawn Camptothecins in Cancer Therapy,edited by
Edan Holtz,and Steven Grant,2007 Thomas G. Burke and Val R. Adams,2005
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Howard L. Kaufman,Scott Wadler,and Potentiators,edited byGary K. Schwartz,
Karen Antman,2007 2005
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Anthony F. Shields and Patricia Price,2007 for Cancer Chemoprevention,edited byGary
Cytokinesin the Genesis and Treatment of J. Kelloff,Ernest T. Hawk,and Caroline C.
Cancer,edited byMichael A. Caligiuri, Sigman,2005
Michael T. Lotze,and Frances R. Balkwill,2007 Death Receptors in Cancer Therapy,edited by
Regional Cancer Therapy,edited byPeter M. Wafik S. El-Deiry,2005
Schlag and Ulrike Stein,2007 Cancer Chemoprevention,Volume 1:
Gene Therapyfor Cancer,edited byKelly K. Promising Cancer Chemopreventive Agents,
Hunt,Stephan A. Vorburger,and Stephen G. edited byGary J. Kelloff,Ernest T. Hawk,
Swisher,2007 and Caroline C. Sigman,2004
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edited byGodefridus J. Peters,2006 edited byJulian Adams,2004
Cancer Drug Resistance,edited byBeverly A. Nucleic Acid Therapeutics in Cancer,edited by
Teicher,2006 Alan M. Gewirtz,2004
T R M
HE OLE OF ICROTUBULES
C B ,
IN ELL IOLOGY
N ,
EUROBIOLOGY
O
AND NCOLOGY
Edited by
T F , ,
ITO OJO MD PhD
Medical Oncology Branch, Center for Cancer Research,
National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD
Editor
Tito Fojo,MD,PhD
Medical Oncology Branch
Center for Cancer Research
National Cancer Institute
Bethesda,MD
Series Editor
Beverly A. Teicher,PhD
Department of Oncology Research
Genzyme Corporation
Framingham,MA
ISBN:978-1-58829-294-0 e-ISBN:978-1-59745-336-3
Library of Congress Control Number:2008920860
©2008 Humana Press,a part of Springer Science+Business Media,LLC
All rights reserved. This work may not be translated or copied in whole or in part without the written permission of
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the authors nor the editors nor the publisher can accept any legal responsibility for any errors or omissions that may be
made. The publisher makes no warranty,express or implied,with respect to the material contained herein.
Cover Illustration: Figure 2B, Chapter 4, “Microtubule-Associated Proteins and Microtubule-Interacting Proteins:
Regulators of Microtubule Dynamics,”by Maria Kavallaris,Sima Don,and Nicole M. Verrills.
Printed on acid-free paper
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springer.com
This book is dedicated to the memory of Dr. George A. Orr,a dear friend and colleague.
George was a talented and creative scientist who set very high standards for himself
and expected the same from his collaborators. He loved to share concepts and ideas,
and many of us had the privilege of interacting and collaborating with him. He
inspired and encouraged many young scientists and stimulated them to do their best
work. About his own accomplishments, he was extremely humble.
George did his undergraduate and PhD studies at Queen’s University, Belfast,
N. Ireland. His postdoctoral work was done with Dr. Jeremy Knowles at the University
of Oxford and then at Harvard University. George came to the Albert Einstein College
of Medicine as an assistant professor in the Department of Molecular Pharmacology in
1978 and rose through the ranks to become a full professor in 1989.
George had many scientific interests but he was particularly dedicated to the develop-
ment and application of new technologies to enhance our insights into the mode of
action of drugs. His participation in the field of microtubule pharmacology and pro-
teomics has opened new avenues of research to all of us. He is sorely missed.
v
P
REFACE
I want to thank all who contributed to this first edition for their hard work and
professionalism, and especially for their patience. I hope the readers will find this
volume as helpful as I have found it.
There is no doubt that the family of proteins we call the tubulins and the microtubules
that they form when they aggregate are extremely important in the cell and, as we are
increasingly learning,important in diseases that afflict so many. This field of investiga-
tion is a testament to how important both basic and clinical sciences are in understanding
disease mechanisms and making inroads into therapies. Without the basic science
knowledge that has been accumulated,to which the authors of this work have contributed
greatly,we would not be in the position we find ourselves of increasingly understanding
disease and advancing therapies. As I read the chapters, I was humbled to think of the
insights that so many have contributed to this field,and again became aware of how the
collaborative effort of so many is needed to understand the complexities of nature. By
working together, many have helped to advance this field. Because of their efforts, we
find ourselves with the wealth of knowledge contained in this book. This knowledge
gives us so much insight even as it challenges us to continue working. Thanks again to
all of the wonderful collaborators for their excellence and their patience.
Tito Fojo, MD, PhD
vii
C
ONTENTS
Preface ..........................................................................................................................vii
Contributors....................................................................................................................xi
List of Color Plates......................................................................................................xiii
1. An Overview of Compounds That Interact with Tubulin
and Their Effects on Microtubule Assembly ................................1
Ernest Hamel
2. Molecular Mechanisms of Microtubule Acting
Cancer Drugs ..............................................................................21
John J. Correia and Sharon Lobert
3. Microtubule Dynamics: Mechanisms and Regulation
by Microtubule-Associated Proteins and Drugs In Vitro
and in Cells..................................................................................47
Mary Ann Jordan and Leslie Wilson
4. Microtubule Associated Proteins
and Microtubule-Interacting Proteins: Regulators
of Microtubule Dynamics ............................................................83
Maria Kavallaris, Sima Don, and Nicole M. Verrills
5. The Post-Translational Modifications of Tubulin..........................105
Richard F. Ludueña and Asok Banerjee
6. The Isotypes of Tubulin: Distribution
and Functional Significance......................................................123
Richard F. Ludueña and Asok Banerjee
7. The Tubulin Superfamily................................................................177
Richard F. Ludueña and Asok Banerjee
8. Tubulin Proteomics in Cancer........................................................193
Pascal Verdier-Pinard, Fang Wang, Ruth Hogue Angeletti,
Susan Band Horwitz, and George A. Orr
9. Tubulin and Microtubule Structures ..............................................211
Eva Nogales and Kenneth H. Downing
10. Destabilizing Agents: Peptides and Depsipeptides ......................227
Lee M. Greenberger and Frank Loganzo
11. Molecular Features of the Interaction of Colchicine
and Related Structures with Tubulin..........................................259
Susan L. Bane
ix
x Contents
12. Antimicrotubule Agents That Bind Covalently to Tubulin............281
Dan L. Sackett
13. Microtubule Stabilizing Agents......................................................307
Susan Band Horwitz and Tito Fojo
14. Mechanisms of Resistance to Drugs That Interfere
with Microtubule Assembly ......................................................337
Fernando Cabral
15. Resistance to Microtubule-Targeting Drugs..................................357
Paraskevi Giannakakou and James P. Snyder
16. Microtubule Stabilizing Agents in Clinical
Oncology: The Taxanes..............................................................395
Chris H. Takimoto and Muralidhar Beeram
17. Investigational Anticancer Agents Targeting
the Microtubule..........................................................................421
Lyudmila A. Vereshchagina, Orit Scharf,
and A. Dimitrios Colevas
18. Microtubule Damaging Agents and Apoptosis..............................479
Manon Carré and Diane Braguer
19. Microtubule Targeting Agents and the Tumor Vasculature............519
Raffaella Giavazzi, Katiuscia Bonezzi, and Giulia Taraboletti
20. Neurodegenerative Diseases: Tau Proteins in Neurodegenerative
Diseases Other Than AD ..........................................................531
André Delacourte, Nicolas Sergeant, and Luc Buée
21. Structure, Function, and Regulation of the Microtubule
Associated Protein Tau..............................................................559
Janis Bunker and Stuart C. Feinstein
Index............................................................................................................................577
C
ONTRIBUTORS
SUSAN L. BANE, PhD • Department of Chemistry, State University of New York at
Binghamton, Binghamton, NY
ASOK BANERJEE, PhD • Department of Biochemistry, University of Texas Health Science
Center, San Antonio,TX
MURALIDHAR BEERAM, MD • Division of Hematology Medical Oncology, Department of
Medicine, University of Texas Health Science Center, San Antonio,TX
KATIUSCIABONEZZI,PhD• Laboratory of Biology and Treatment of Metastasis,Department
of Oncology,Mario Negri Institute for Pharmacological Research,Milan,Italy
DIANE BRAGUER, PhD • Formation de Recherche en Evolution-Centre National de la
Recherche Scientifique 2737, Faculté de Pharmacie, Université de la Méditerranée,
Marseille, France
LUC BUÉE, PhD • INSERM U815, Lille Cedex, France
JANIS BUNKER • Department of Neurology, University of California, San Francisco, CA
FERNANDO CABRAL, PhD • Department of Integrative Biology and Pharmacology,
University of Texas-Houston Medical School, Houston,TX
MANON CARRÉ • UMR-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique 2737, Faculté de
Pharmacie, Université de la Méditerranée, Marseille, France
A. DIMITRIOS COLEVAS, MD • Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA
JOHN J. CORREIA, PhD • Department of Biochemistry, University of Mississippi Medical
Center, Jackson, MS
ANDRÉ DELACOURTE, PhD • INSERM Research Center 815, INSERM U422, Lille Cedex,
France
SIMA DON • Children’s Cancer Institute Australia for Medical Research, Randwick,
New South Wales,Australia
KENNETH H. DOWNING, PhD • Life Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National
Laboratory, Berkeley, CA
STUART C. FEINSTEIN, PhD • Neuroscience Research Institute and Department of
Molecular, Cellular and Developmental Biology, University of California, Santa
Barbara, CA
TITO FOJO, MD, PhD • Medical Oncology Branch, Center for Cancer Research, National
Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD
PARASKEVI GIANNAKAKOU, PhD • Department of Medicine, Division of Hematology and
Oncology,Weill Medical College of Cornell University, New York, NY
RAFFAELLA GIAVAZZI, PhD • Laboratory of Biology and Treatment of Metastasis,
Department of Oncology, Mario Negri Institute for Pharmacological Research,
Milan, Italy
LEE M. GREENBERGER, PhD • Enzon Pharmaceuticals, Inc., Piscataway, NJ
ERNEST HAMEL, MD • Toxicology and Pharmacology Branch, Developmental
Therapeutics Program, National Cancer Institute at Frederick, National Institutes
of Health, NCI-Frederick, Frederick, MD
xi