The Rise of Acid Reflux in Asia

180 Pages·2018·3.46 MB·English

by  Prateek Sharma

The Rise of
Acid Reflux in Asia
Prateek Sharma
Shobna Bhatia
Khean Lee Goh
Editors
123
The Rise of Acid Reflux in Asia
Prateek Sharma • Shobna Bhatia
Khean Lee Goh
Editors
The Rise of Acid Reflux
in Asia
Editors
Prateek Sharma Shobna Bhatia
University of Kansas School of Gastroenterology
Medicine, VA Medical Center KEM Hospital
Kansas City, MO, USA Mumbai, Maharashtra, India
Khean Lee Goh
University of Malaya
Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
ISBN 978-81-322-0845-7 ISBN 978-81-322-0846-4 (eBook)
DOI 10.1007/978-81-322-0846-4
Library of Congress Control Number: 2017954939
© Springer India 2018
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Preface
Symptoms of gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD), a very common occurrence
in the adult Western population, were once considered uncommon in the Asian con-
tinent. However, with the “Westernization” of society in the east, GERD is now a
common disorder in Asia and accounts for a large proportion of visits to the general
practitioner and gastroenterologist.
How do we define GERD in Asia? How common is it? Why is GERD rising in
Asia? What are the complications of GERD? And finally, how do we manage GERD
in the Asian population? These are all questions that are becoming increasingly
important given the changing epidemiology of GERD in this part of the globe. To
answer some of these questions, we, the editors, have been fortunate to assemble the
leading expert gastroenterologists from Asia to review the latest literature and pro-
vide their expertise on the approach to GERD in Asia.
We would like to thank the experts for uniformly providing succinct and state-of-
the-art chapters, the publishers for believing in us regarding the importance of this
topic, and our local institution research teams for their efforts.
Kansas City, MO, USA Prateek Sharma
Mumbai, Maharashtra, India Shobna Bhatia
Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia Khean Lee Goh
v
Contents
1 Defining GERD in Asia: Different from the West? . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1
Justin Che-yeun Wu
2 Epidemiology of Gastroesophageal Reflux in Asia . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13
Shobna Bhatia, Deepak Kumar Gupta,
and Prashanth Vennalaganti
3 R easons for the Rise of Gastroesophageal
Reflux Disease in Asia . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 27
Khean Lee Goh
4 P athophysiology and Acid Production Different
in Asians: Different from the Western People? . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 37
Noriaki Manabe and Ken Haruma
5 Diagnosis of GERD: Clinical, pH, and Impedance—What
Is the Best Approach? . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 51
Hiroto Miwa, Takashi Kondo, and Takahisa Yamasaki
6 Role of Endoscopy and Novel Imaging in GERD. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 63
Rupa Banerjee and Duvvur Nageshwar Reddy
7 Medical Treatment for GERD in Asia . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 85
Michio Hongo and Julius Carlo R. Rustia
8 Investigations and Treatment of PPI Refractory GERD . . . . . . . . . . . 97
Kwong Ming Fock
9 Surgical Treatment for Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease
(GERD) in Asia . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 113
Sally Wai Yin Luk and Philip W.Y. Chiu
10 Barrett’s Esophagus in the Asian Population . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 123
Khek Yu Ho
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viii Contents
11 Extra-esophageal GERD: Myth or Reality? . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 139
Somchai Leelakusolvong, Ratha-korn Vilaichone,
and Varocha Mahachai
12 Terminology and Cultural Issues in the Diagnosis
and Treatment of GERD in Asia . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 157
Hardik Parikh and Philip Abraham
13 Future of GERD Research in Asia . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 167
Srinivas Gaddam and Prateek Sharma
Contributors
Philip Abraham Division of Gastroenterology, P.D. Hinduja Hospital, Mumbai,
India
Rupa Banerjee Asian Institute of Gastroenterology, Hyderabad, India
Shobna Bhatia Gastroenterology, KEM Hospital, Mumbai, Maharashtra, India
Philip W.Y. Chiu Division of Upper GI and Metabolic Surgery, Department of
Surgery, Institute of Digestive Disease, The Chinese University of Hong Kong,
Hong Kong, SAR, China
Kwong Ming Fock Changi Hospital, National University of Singapore, Singapore,
Singapore
Srinivas Gaddam Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Veterans
Affairs Medical Center, Kansas City, MO, USA
Khean Lee Goh University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
Deepak Kumar Gupta Department of Gastroenterology, Seth GS Medical College
and KEM Hospital, Mumbai, India
Ken Haruma Department of General Internal Medicine 2, Kawasaki Medical
School General Medical Center, Okayama, Japan
Khek Yu Ho National University of Singapore/National University Hospital,
Singapore, Singapore
Michio  Hongo Kurokawa General Hospital, Tohoku University, Kurokawa,
Miyagi, Japan
Takashi Kondo Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Internal Medicine,
Hyogo College of Medicine, Hyogo, Japan
Somchai Leelakusolvong Gastrointestinal Division, Department of Medicine,
Siriraj Hospital, Bangkok, Thailand
Sally Wai Yin Luk Division of Upper GI and Metabolic Surgery, Department of
Surgery, Institute of Digestive Disease, The Chinese University of Hong Kong,
Hong Kong SAR, China
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x Contributors
Varocha Mahachai Department of Gastroenterology, Chulalongkorn University,
Bangkok, Thailand
Noriaki Manabe Division of Endoscopy and Ultrasonography, Department of
Clinical Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Kawasaki Medical School, Kurashiki,
Japan
Hiroto Miwa Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Internal Medicine,
Hyogo College of Medicine, Hyogo, Japan
Hardik Parikh Department of Gastroenterology, KEM Hospital and Seth GS
Medical College, Mumbai, India
Duvvur Nageshwar Reddy Asian Institute of Gastroenterology, Hyderabad, India
Julius Carlo R. Rustia Gastroenterologist and Specialized Advanced Therapeutic
Endoscopist, Aquinas University Hospital Foundation Inc, LegazpiCity, Albay,
Philippines
Prateek Sharma University of Kansas School of Medicine, VA Medical Center,
Kansas City, MO, USA
Prashanth  Vennalaganti Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology,
University of Kansas School of Medicine, Kansas City, KS, USA
Ratha-korn  Vilaichone Gastrointestinal Unit, Department of Medicine,
Thammasat University Hospital, Pathumthani, Thailand
Justin Che-yeun Wu Department of Medicine & Therapeutics, S.H. Ho Centre for
Digestive Health, Institute of Digestive Disease, Prince of Wales Hospital, Hong
Kong, SAR, China
Takahisa  Yamasaki Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Internal
Medicine, Hyogo College of Medicine, Hyogo, Japan
Abbreviations
ACEI Angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitor
ACG American College of Gastroenterology
ACP American College of Physicians
AFI Autofluorescence imaging
ARS Anti-reflux surgery
BE Barrett’s esophagus
cagA Cytotoxin-associated gene A
CLE Columnar-lined esophagus
CLE Confocal endomicroscopy
DIS Dilated intercellular spaces
EAC Esophageal adenocarcinoma
EE Erosive esophagitis
EGD Esophagogastroduodenoscopy
ENT Ear, nose, and throat
ERD Erosive reflux disease
ESEM Endoscopically suspected esophageal metaplasia
EST Electrical stimulation therapy
ETMI Endoscopic trimodal imaging
FEST Far East Study
FSSG Frequency scale for the symptoms of GERD
GER Gastroesophageal reflux
GERD Gastroesophageal reflux disease
GERQ Gastroesophageal reflux questionnaire
GI Gastrointestinal
GIS Gastroesophageal reflux disease impact scale
GSRS Gastrointestinal symptom rating scale
HGIN High-grade intraepithelial neoplasia
H. pylori Helicobacter pylori
HRME High-resolution magnification endoscopy
HRQOL Health-related quality of life
HRA(s) Histamine receptor antagonist(s)
2 2
IHC Immunohistochemistry
IPCL Intrapapillary capillary loop
LES Lower esophageal sphincter
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