The Psychology of Prejudice and Discrimination Four Volumes 4 volumes (Race and Ethnicity in Psychology)

1160 Pages·2004·3.87 MB·English

by  Jean Lau Chin

How to go to your page

This eBook contains four volumes. Each volume has its own page numbering scheme,
consisting of a volume number and a page number, separated by a hyphen.

For example, to go to page 5 of Volume 1, type vol1:5 in the “page #” box at the top of the
screen and click “Go.” To go to page 5 of Volume 2, type vos2:5 in the "page #" box… and
so forth.
The Psychology of Prejudice
and Discrimination
Recent titles in
Race and Ethnicity in Psychology
Sources of Stress and Relief for African American Women
Catherine Fisher Collins
PlayingwithAnger:TeachingCopingSkillstoAfricanAmericanBoysthrough
Athletics and Culture
Howard C. Stevenson Jr., editor
The Psychology of Prejudice
and Discrimination
VOLUME 1
RACISM IN AMERICA
Edited by
Jean Lau Chin
Foreword by
Joseph E. Trimble
PRAEGER PERSPECTIVES
Race and Ethnicity in Psychology
Jean Lau Chin, John D. Robinson, and Victor De La Cancela
Series Editors
Library ofCongressCataloging-in-PublicationData
Thepsychologyofprejudiceanddiscrimination/editedbyJeanLauChin;foreword
byJosephE.Trimble.
p.cm.—(Raceandethnicityin psychology,ISSN1543-2203)
Includesbibliographicalreferencesandindex.
ISBN0-275-98234-3(set:alk.paper)—ISBN0-275-98235-1(v.1:alk.paper)—
ISBN0-275-98236-X(v.2:alk.paper)—ISBN0-275-98237-8(v.3:alk.paper)—
ISBN0-275-98238-6(v.4:alk.paper)1.Prejudices—UnitedStates.I.Chin,Jean
Lau.II.Series.
BF575.P9P792004
303.3'85'0973—dc22 2004042289
BritishLibraryCataloguingin PublicationDataisavailable.
Copyright(cid:1)2004byJeanLauChin
Allrightsreserved.No portionofthisbook maybe
reproduced,byanyprocessortechnique,without
theexpresswrittenconsentofthepublisher.
LibraryofCongressCatalogCardNumber:2004042289
ISBN: 0-275-98234-3(set)
0-275-98235-1(Vol.1)
0-275-98236-X(Vol.2)
0-275-98237-8(Vol.3)
0-275-98238-6(Vol.4)
ISSN: 1543-2203
Firstpublishedin2004
PraegerPublishers,88PostRoadWest,Westport,CT06881
Animprintof GreenwoodPublishingGroup,Inc.
www.praeger.com
PrintedintheUnitedStatesofAmerica
Thepaperusedin thisbookcomplieswiththe
Permanent PaperStandardissuedbytheNational
InformationStandardsOrganization(Z39.48-1984).
10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1
Copyright Acknowledgment
Everyreasonableefforthasbeenmadetotracetheownersofcopyrightmaterialsin
thisbook,butinsomeinstancesthishasprovenimpossible.Theauthorandpublisher
will be glad to receive information leading to more complete acknowledgments in
subsequent printings of the book, and in the meantime extend their apologies for
any omissions.
Contents
Foreword by Joseph E. Trimble vii
Introduction by Jean Lau Chin xiii
CHAPTER1 The Causes of Racial Prejudice: 1
A Behavior-Analytic Perspective
Afua Arhin and Bruce A. Thyer
CHAPTER2 From Tragedy to Triumph: The Tulsa 21
Race Riot
Yvonne M. Jenkins
CHAPTER3 Racial and Ethnic Prejudice among Children 37
Sheri R. Levy, Tara L. West, Luisa F. Ramirez,
and John E. Pachankis
CHAPTER4 Racism, Racial Stereotypes, and American 61
Politics
Frederick Slocum and Yueh-Ting Lee
CHAPTER5 The African Diaspora and Culture-Based 95
Coping Strategies
Edward Stephenson
CHAPTER6 The Aversive Form of Racism 119
Gordon Hodson, John F. Dovidio, and
Samuel L. Gaertner
vi Contents
CHAPTER7 “What’s Race Got to Do, Got to Do with It?” 137
Denial of Racism on Predominantly White
College Campuses
Carole Baroody Corcoran and
Aisha Rene´e Thompson
CHAPTER8 Combating Racism through the Kuumba 177
Learning Model Technique: Elementary
Students’ Perspectives
Karen B. McLean Donaldson
CHAPTER9 Coping with Racism: A Spirit-Based 207
Psychological Perspective
Carla D. Hunter and Ma’at E. Lewis-Coles
CHAPTER10 Combating Racism: The Role of Psychologists 223
and the United Nations
Thema Bryant-Davis, Corann Okorodudu,
and Bertha Garrett Holliday
Index 237
About the Series and the Series Editors 245
About the Advisers 247
About the Contributors 251
Foreword
Civilized men have gained notable mastery over energy, matter,
andinanimatenaturegenerallyandarerapidlylearningtocontrol
physicalsufferingandprematuredeath.But,bycontrast,weappear
to be living in the Stone Age so far as our handling of human
relations is concerned.
(Gordon W. Allport, 1954, p. ix)
A
lthough written over fifty years ago, the haunting words of the
eminent social psychologist Gordon W. Allport may ring true today.
His intent then was to clarify the various elements of the enormously
complex topic of prejudice. Since the writing of his now well-cited
and highly regarded text on prejudice, social and behavioral scientists
havemadegreatstridesinfurtheringourknowledgeofthefield.Since
1950, for example, thousands of books, journal articles, and book
chapters have been devotedto studying prejudice and discrimination.
Professor Allport would be somewhat pleased with the numbers be-
cause that was partly his expectation when he said, “So great is
the ferment of investigation and theory in this area that in one sense
our account will soon be dated. New experiments will supersede old,
andformulationsofvarioustheorieswillbeimproved”(1954,p.xiii).
Buthastherebeenthatmuchimprovementthatwehavemovedaway
from a Stone Age understanding of human relations to a higher level
of sophistication? The question begs for an answer, but that can wait
until later.
viii Foreword
Let me back up for a moment to explore another line of thought
and inquiry that bears directly on the significance and importance
of this wonderful set of books on the psychology of prejudice and
discrimination. For as long as I can remember, I have been deeply
interested in the origins of, motives in, and attitudes about genocide
andethnocide;asayoungchildIdidnotusethosehorrificterms,asI
didnotknowthemthen.ButIdidknowabouttheirimplieddestructive
implicationsfromstoriespassedalongbysensitiveteachers,ancestors,
and elders. The deep social psychological meaning of the constructs
later became an intense interest of mine as a graduate student in the
turbulent1960s,anerafilledwithchallengesandprotestationsofany-
thingregardingcivilrights,discrimination,racism,sexism,andprejudice.
During thateraIthrewmymind andspiritintothestudy ofAllport’s
writingsonprejudice—notmerelytostudythem,buttoexploreevery
nuance of his scholarly works to expand the depth of my understand-
ing and expecting to come away with fewer questions and more an-
swers.Iwasnotdisappointedinmyexploration.Iwasbaffled,though,
because I recognized more so just how complicated it was to prevent
and eradicate prejudice and discrimination.
As I write these thoughts, I am reminded of a sign that was once
posted over the porch roof of an old restaurant and tavern in a rural
SouthDakotacommunityadjacenttoanAmericanIndianreservation.
Thesignwashand-paintedinwhitelettersonalongslatofweathered
wood;itwaswrittenintheLakotalanguage,andtheEnglishtranslation
read, “No dogs or Indians allowed.” The store was and is still owned
by non-Indians. The offensive, derogatory sign is no longer there—
likelytorndownyearsagobyangryprotestorsfromthenearbyreserva-
tion.Whilethesignisgone,theattitudeandintentofthemessagestill
lingerinandaroundtherusticbuilding,exceptthatitismoreinsidious,
pernicious,andguilefulnow.Theprevailingprejudicialandloathsome
attitude is a reflection of many of the residents of the small town.
Many of the town’s residents tolerate Native Americans because they
dependentonthemeconomically,buttheirbigotedandclosed-minded
convictions are unwilling to accept Native Americans as equals and
provide them with freedom of movement and expression.
The wretched, mean-spirited, pernicious attitudes present in that
ruralSouthDakotatownsymbolizetheprevailingchangesinattitudes
and behavior across North America—the blatant signs are gone, but
in many places and for many individuals the prejudicial attitudes
persist, sometimes in sly and subtle forms. On other occasions they
are overt and repulsive. Chapters in these volumes summarize and