The Project for Seismic Risk Assessment and Risk Management Planning in the Republic of Armenia

413 Pages·2012·4.25 MB·English

Republic of Armenia
Rescue Service, Ministry of Emergency Situations (RS)

The Project for
Seismic Risk Assessment and
Risk Management Planning
in the Republic of Armenia

Final Report

Vol. III Main Report 2
Seismic Risk Management Plan for Yerevan City

December 2012

Japan International Cooperation Agency (JICA)
OYO International Corp.
Nippon Koei Co., Ltd. G E
J R
Kokusai Kogyo Co., Ltd.

12-181
Republic of Armenia
Rescue Service, Ministry of Emergency Situations (RS)

The Project for
Seismic Risk Assessment and
Risk Management Planning
in the Republic of Armenia

Final Report

Vol. III Main Report 2
Seismic Risk Management Plan for Yerevan City

December 2012

Japan International Cooperation Agency (JICA)
OYO International Corp.
Nippon Koei Co., Ltd.
Kokusai Kogyo Co., Ltd.
The Project for Seismic Risk Assessment and
Risk Management Planning in the Republic of Armenia

Structure of Volume of Final Report

Vol. Title Language
Armenian
I Summary English
Japanese
Armenian
Main Report 1
II English
Risk Assessment of Yerevan City
Japanese
Armenian
Main Report 2
III English
Yerevan Earthquake Disaster Management Plan
Japanese
Armenian
IV Data Book
English

Exchange rate used in this report

1.00 US Dollar (US$) = 407.43 Armenia Drams (AMD)

1.00 Japanese Yen (JPY) = 5.19 Armenia Drams (AMD)

(as of October 8, 2012)
SEISMIC RISK MANAGEMENT PLAN FOR YEREVAN CITY
TABLE OF CONTENTS
The Project for Seismic Risk Assessment and Risk Management Planning in the Republic of Armenia
Final Report
Volume III Main Report 2
Seismic Risk Management Plan for Yerevan City

Table of Contents

Part 1 Basic Consideration
Chapter 1 Basic Considerations ....................................................................................... 1-1
1.1 Goal of the Plan .............................................................................................. 1-1
1.2 Policy for planning ......................................................................................... 1-3
1.3 Priority for the plan ......................................................................................... 1-4
1.4 Other considerations ....................................................................................... 1-4
1.5 Structures and contents of the plan ................................................................. 1-5
Chapter 2 Overview and damage estimation ................................................................... 1-7
2.1 Natural conditions ........................................................................................... 1-7
2.2 Social conditions ............................................................................................. 1-9
2.3 Scenario earthquakes ..................................................................................... 1-11
2.4 Calculated ground motions ............................................................................1-12
2.5 Estimated damage for planning .....................................................................1-14
2.6 Evaluation of urban vulnerability ..................................................................1-26
Chapter 3 Basic responsibilities of risk management entities ........................................1-31
3.1 Fundamental principles ..................................................................................1-31
3.2 Responsibilities of governments ....................................................................1-31
3.3 Responsibility of communities ......................................................................1-31
3.4 Responsibility of residents .............................................................................1-32
3.5 Responsibility of related organizations ..........................................................1-33
Part 2 Mitigation Plan
Chapter 4 The city ‘governance related to implementation of mitigation measures ....... 2-1
4.1 Role of the City ............................................................................................... 2-1
4.2 The city’s governance for implementation/ assistance of measures and
principles of activities ..................................................................................... 2-1
Chapter 5 Quake-resistant human development .............................................................. 2-3
5.1 Tasks of residents ............................................................................................ 2-3
5.2 Promotion of autonomous disaster management activities of residents ......... 2-3
5.3 Raising awareness of disaster management and dissemination of disaster
information ..................................................................................................... 2-6
Chapter 6 Quake-resistant community development ....................................................... 2-9
6.1 Role of community ......................................................................................... 2-9
6.2 Creation and enhancement of autonomous groups on disaster management .2-10
6.3 Formulation of disaster management plan of community .............................2-10
6.4 Promotion of aseismic reinforcement of buildings and facilities ...................2-12
6.5 Promotion of measures, preventing turnover of furniture/shelves, fall-down
of widow glass, etc. .......................................................................................2-13
6.6 Development of disaster education materials and promotion of disaster
education ........................................................................................................2-13
6.7 Prevention of fire outbreak ............................................................................2-14
6.8 Safety measures on dangerous materials .......................................................2-15
6.9 Measures for assisting vulnerable people in disaster .....................................2-17
6.10 Assistance for promotion of community-based disaster management
activities .........................................................................................................2-19
6.11 Collaboration between governments and communities .................................2-23
6.12 Preparation for reconstruction of economy and industry ...............................2-24

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FINAL REPORT VOLUME III MAIN REPORT 2
Chapter 7 Quake-resistant urban Development ..............................................................2-25
7.1 Basic ideas for urban planning .......................................................................2-25
7.2 Promotion of redevelopment projects ............................................................2-25
7.3 Securing open spaces .....................................................................................2-26
7.4 Road improvement .........................................................................................2-27
7.5 Land use in time of disaster ...........................................................................2-28
Chapter 8 Aseismic reinforcement of buildings, facility structures, etc. ........................2-29
8.1 Clarification of seismic activity and diagnosis/ reinforcement of
earthquake-resistance of buildings .................................................................2-29
8.2 Reinforcement of lifeline facilities and infrastructures ..................................2-34
8.3 Enhancement of earthquake-resistance of transport infrastructure ................2-36
8.4 Reinforcement of hydro-technical structures .................................................2-37
8.5 Prevention of collapse of walls ......................................................................2-37
8.6 Reinforcement of cultural values ...................................................................2-38
8.7 Prevention of landslides and mudslides .........................................................2-38
Chapter 9 Seismic study and research ............................................................................2-39
9.1 Study and research on scenario earthquakes ..................................................2-39
9.2 Study and research on natural disasters caused by earthquakes .....................2-40
Part 3 Preparedness Plan
Chapter 10 Process for preparedness and assistance by the city ....................................... 3-1
10.1 Role of the city ................................................................................................ 3-1
10.2 Framework of promotion/ support and activities of the city ........................... 3-1
Chapter 11 Preparedness by residents and communities ................................................... 3-4
11.1 Role of residents ............................................................................................. 3-4
11.2 Activities on preparedness by residents .......................................................... 3-4
11.3 Role of communities ....................................................................................... 3-6
11.4 Stockpile of water, food, and daily necessities, and stockpile/ maintenance/
inspection of disaster management equipment ............................................... 3-7
11.5 Creating a list of community members, a list of people needing assistance,
a contact list of disaster management organizations ....................................... 3-7
11.6 Developing a disaster management map, preparation and notification of
assistance facilities such as evacuation shelters .............................................. 3-8
11.7 Preparation for protection/ assistance of community members and residents .. 3-8
11.8 Improving response capacity and dissemination of mental preparedness in
time of earthquake disaster through disaster drills and seminars .................... 3-9
11.9 Framework of implementation of activities in communities ......................... 3-11
11.10 Assistance for community preparedness activities ........................................3-12
11.11 Collaboration/ co-working with volunteers ...................................................3-13
Chapter 12 Preparedness related to initial response .........................................................3-17
12.1 Maintenance of functioning official buildings ...............................................3-17
12.2 Formation of the Crisis Management Center .................................................3-17
12.3 Enhancing the initial response process ..........................................................3-18
12.4 Deployment/ mobilization plan .....................................................................3-18
12.5 Improving the collaboration among disaster management organizations ......3-19
Chapter 13 Preparedness related to communication .........................................................3-20
13.1 Improving the communication network for disaster management .................3-20
13.2 Enhancing the communication/ information gathering process .....................3-20
13.3 Public relations and public hearing activities during normalcy .....................3-21
Chapter 14 Preparedness for fire and hazardous materials ...............................................3-23
14.1 Enhancing initial fire-fighting process ...........................................................3-23
14.2 Prevention of fire spread ................................................................................3-24
14.3 Improving the fire-fighting process ...............................................................3-25
Chapter 15 Preparedness for rescue and evacuation ........................................................3-27

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TABLE OF CONTENTS
15.1 Improvement of evacuation plan ...................................................................3-27
15.2 Designation of evacuation areas for the time of disaster ...............................3-28
15.3 Conduct of exercises and lectures on evacuation ...........................................3-29
Chapter 16 Preparedness for emergency transportation ...................................................3-30
16.1 Designating and developing emergency transportation network ...................3-30
16.2 Designating and developing emergency transport bases ...............................3-30
16.3 Process for obstacle removal and traffic control on the strategic roads .........3-31
16.4 Prior registration of emergency vehicles and procurement of emergency
transport vehicles ...........................................................................................3-31
Chapter 17 Preparedness for emergency medical care .....................................................3-32
17.1 Gathering and transmitting emergency medical information .........................3-32
17.2 Initial medical care ........................................................................................3-33
17.3 Causality transport process ............................................................................3-35
17.4 Medical logistics support process ..................................................................3-35
17.5 Prevention of infectious diseases ...................................................................3-35
17.6 Enhancing psychological care .......................................................................3-36
Chapter 18 Preparedness for missing person search / body recovery ...............................3-37
18.1 Searching process of missing people .............................................................3-37
18.2 Searching and dealing process of dead bodies ...............................................3-37
18.3 Burial/ cremation process ..............................................................................3-37
Chapter 19 Procurement and supply of drinking water and food ...................................3-38
19.1 Basic principles for supply of drinking water ................................................3-38
19.2 Development of water supply bases ..............................................................3-38
19.3 Water supply process .....................................................................................3-38
19.4 Basic principles for supply of food and daily necessities ..............................3-39
19.5 Process for procurement and supply of food and daily necessities ................3-39
Chapter 20 Preparedness for rehabilitation of lifeline/ communication/ mudslide
prevention facilities ........................................................................................3-40
20.1 Preparation for formation of Crisis Management Center and affiliates .........3-40
20.2 Securing bases for rehabilitation ....................................................................3-41
20.3 Setting up an inspection/ damage assessment process ...................................3-42
20.4 Setting up an information collection/ communication process ......................3-43
20.5 Procurement of equipment/ materials for rehabilitation ................................3-43
20.6 Priority of rehabilitation works ......................................................................3-43
20.7 Confirmation/ agreement on assistance .........................................................3-44
Chapter 21 Preparedness for handling of debris and other issues on environmental and
social considerations ......................................................................................3-45
21.1 Handling of debris and garbage .....................................................................3-45
21.2 Disposal of human waste and securing toilets ...............................................3-49
Part 4 Emergency Response Plan
Chapter 22 Basics of emergency response ........................................................................ 4-1
22.1 Basics of emergency response activities ......................................................... 4-1
22.2 Comprehensive emergency response .............................................................. 4-1
Chapter 23 Establishing and managing the Crisis Management Center ............................ 4-3
23.1 Establishing and managing the Emergency Management Headquarters ........ 4-3
23.2 Dismissing the Emergency Management Headquarters ................................. 4-3
23.3 Emergency Headquarters at the district level ................................................. 4-3
23.4 Organization and operation ............................................................................. 4-4
23.5 Mobilization of staffs ...................................................................................... 4-5
Chapter 24 Collection and transmission of information .................................................... 4-7
24.1 Policies on reception and transmission of information ................................... 4-7
24.2 Collection, reporting, and recording of disaster information .......................... 4-7
24.3 Dissemination of disaster information ............................................................ 4-8

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FINAL REPORT VOLUME III MAIN REPORT 2
24.4 Media in disasters ..........................................................................................4-10
24.5 Public hearing activities .................................................................................4-10
24.6 Prevention of information disorder ................................................................ 4-11
Chapter 25 Security, traffic control, emergency transport ................................................4-12
25.1 Preserving activities .......................................................................................4-12
25.2 Traffic control ................................................................................................4-13
25.3 Implementation of urgent transfer .................................................................4-14
Chapter 26 Mutual coordination with disaster risk management bodies ..........................4-17
26.1 Request for a dispatch to the central government ..........................................4-17
26.2 Request for assistance to neighboring regions ...............................................4-18
26.3 Acceptance of international assistance ..........................................................4-19
26.4 Acceptance of volunteers ...............................................................................4-20
Chapter 27 Evacuation and rescue ...................................................................................4-22
27.1 Organization and implementation of evacuation ...........................................4-22
27.2 Development of evacuation points and their management ............................4-24
27.3 Evacuation and rescue for people in need of care ..........................................4-25
27.4 Rescue activities ............................................................................................4-26
Chapter 28 Emergency medical care, sanitation ...............................................................4-28
28.1 Objective of emergency medical care ............................................................4-28
28.2 Medical care activities ...................................................................................4-28
28.3 Psychological care .........................................................................................4-29
28.4 Sanitary control at evacuation points .............................................................4-29
Chapter 29 Search and rescue of missing persons, handling of remains ..........................4-31
29.1 Search and rescue of missing persons ............................................................4-31
29.2 Handling of dead bodies ................................................................................4-32
Chapter 30 Fire-fighting and protection from hazardous materials ..................................4-35
30.1 Initial response ...............................................................................................4-35
30.2 Fire-fighting activities ...................................................................................4-36
30.3 Urgent measures in facilities with hazardous material ..................................4-38
Chapter 31 School measures ............................................................................................4-40
31.1 Security of students ........................................................................................4-40
31.2 Emergency education .....................................................................................4-40
31.3 Restarting school ...........................................................................................4-41
Chapter 32 Supply of drinking water and food ................................................................4-43
32.1 Water supply activities .....................................................................................4-43
32.2 Supply of food and commodities ...................................................................4-44
Chapter 33 Emergency rehabilitation of lifelines, telecommunications, traffic, and
debris flow protection facilities .....................................................................4-46
33.1 Establishing of the emergency headquarters and gathering of staffs .............4-46
33.2 Checkup and damage investigation of the facilities .......................................4-47
33.3 Activities on information collection and communication ..............................4-47
33.4 Emergency rehabilitation activities ................................................................4-47
33.5 Media and PR activities .................................................................................4-47
33.6 Requesting and accepting assistance from other areas ..................................4-48
Chapter 34 Handling of garbage, human waste, and debris .............................................4-49
34.1 Basic considerations ......................................................................................4-49
34.2 Handling of garbage ......................................................................................4-51
34.3 Handling of human waste ..............................................................................4-52
34.4 Handling of debris .........................................................................................4-53
34.5 In-disposable waste ........................................................................................4-55
Chapter 35 Emergency response to housing and livelihood .............................................4-56
35.1 Urgent investigation on damage to buildings ................................................4-56
35.2 Urgent repair of damaged houses ..................................................................4-58
35.3 Provision of temporary housing .....................................................................4-58

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SEISMIC RISK MANAGEMENT PLAN FOR YEREVAN CITY
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35.4 Procurement of construction equipment and materials ..................................4-59
35.5 Securing livelihood ........................................................................................4-59
35.6 Emergency financing .....................................................................................4-60
35.7 Securement of labor .......................................................................................4-60
35.8 Distribution of relief money and goods .........................................................4-60
Part 5 Rehabilitation/ Reconstruction Plan
Chapter 36 Basic ideas for reconstruction ......................................................................... 5-1
36.1 Reconstruction of livelihood ........................................................................... 5-1
36.2 Reconstruction of the city ............................................................................... 5-1
Chapter 37 Reconstruction Headquarters .......................................................................... 5-2
37.1 Setting up of rehabilitation/ reconstruction headquarters and its tasks ........... 5-2
37.2 Organizations related to reconstruction .......................................................... 5-2
Chapter 38 Formulating reconstruction plans ................................................................... 5-4
38.1 Formulation of basic policies of rehabilitation/ reconstruction ...................... 5-4
38.2 Formulation of rehabilitation/ reconstruction plan ......................................... 5-4
Chapter 39 Stability of civilian life ................................................................................... 5-7
39.1 Welfare of disaster victims .............................................................................. 5-7
39.2 Benefit and loans for livelihood support ......................................................... 5-8
39.3 Housing ........................................................................................................... 5-8
39.4 Detailed investigation and restoration of damaged buildings ......................... 5-9
39.5 Construction debris treatment ........................................................................5-10
Chapter 40 City reconstruction ...........................................................................................5-12
40.1 Basic consideration of city reconstruction .....................................................5-12
40.2 Reconstruction of regional economy .............................................................5-12
40.3 Reconstruction of specific sectors .................................................................5-13

Part 6 Assistance Plan
Chapter 41 Assistance plan ............................................................................................... 6-1
41.1 Basics of disaster assistance ............................................................................. 6-1
41.2 Mutual assistance agreement .......................................................................... 6-2
41.3 Earthquake disaster assistance activities ......................................................... 6-2

Attachments

Attachment 1 Consequence Scenario
Attachment 2 Mitigation – the present situation and focusing points in planning
Attachment 3 Evacuation Plan of the Population of Yerevan City
(Mayor’s decision N 6059-A, dated on August 29, 2012)
Attachment 4 Business Continuity Plan (BCP) of Rescue Service, Ministry of Emergency Situations
Attachment 5 Analytical Hierarchy Method (AHP) for Prioritization of Projects, Procedure and Result
Attachment 6 Action Plan

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FINAL REPORT VOLUME III MAIN REPORT 2
List of Tables

Table 1.1.1 Structures and contents of the Plan ...................................................... 1-6
Table 2.2.1 Population and population density by district .....................................1-10
Table 2.3.1 Fault parameters of scenario earthquakes ...........................................1-12
Table 2.5.1 Damage to residential buildings ..........................................................1-14
Table 2.5.2 Damage t buildings of hospital/ schools .............................................1-14
Table 2.5.3 Result of bridge inventory ...................................................................1-15
Table 2.5.4 Criterion of Katayama’s method .........................................................1-15
Table 2.5.5 Damage of water supply pipe lines .....................................................1-17
Table 2.5.6 Damage of waste water pipe lines .......................................................1-18
Table 2.5.7 Damage of rain water pipe lines ..........................................................1-19
Table 2.5.8 Damage of aerial electric lines ............................................................1-20
Table 2.5.9 Damage of underground electric lines ................................................1-20
Table 2.5.10 Damage of electric poles .....................................................................1-20
Table 2.5.11 Damage of underground gas pipes ......................................................1-22
Table 2.5.12 Damage of on-the-ground gas pipes ...................................................1-22
Table 2.5.13 Damage of underground telephone lines .............................................1-23
Table 2.5.14 Damage of aerial telephone lines ........................................................1-24
Table 2.5.15 Calculated death toll on GF2 and GF3 ................................................1-24
Table 2.5.16 Other calculated results on death toll ..................................................1-24
Table 2.5.17 Calculated number of the injured ........................................................1-25
Table 2.5.18 Number of the injured on government decision N919 ........................1-25
Table 2.5.19 Calculated number of evacuees ...........................................................1-26
Table 2.5.20 Calculated number of evacuees who stay in evacuation points ..........1-26
Table 2.6.1 Area of park and green areas for general purpose in Yerevan City .....1-28
Table 3.5.1 Major related organizations .................................................................1-33
Table 4.2.1 Classification of organizations and divisions relating to mitigation
plan ....................................................................................................... 2-2
Table 5.1.1 Mitigation/ preparedness activities by residents .................................. 2-3
Table 5.2.1 Items for fire prevention to be instructed to residents .......................... 2-5
Table 5.3.1 The contents of disaster education for officials ................................... 2-6
Table 5.3.2 Methods of dissemination of information on measures of securing
preparedness to emergency situations among population .................... 2-7
Table 5.3.3 Rules of behavior of drivers during earthquake ................................... 2-7
Table 6.1.1 Mitigation/ preparedness activities by communities ............................ 2-9
Table 6.3.1 Contents to be covered in a disaster management plan for residents’
associations ......................................................................................... 2-11
Table 6.3.2 Contents to be covered in a disaster management plan for enterprises
.............................................................................................................. 2-11
Table 6.6.1 Purpose of disaster education in communities ....................................2-13
Table 6.7.1 Materials to be prepared by communities for prevention of fire .........2-14
Table 6.8.1 Dangerous materials, requiring to take safety measures .....................2-16
Table 6.101 Assistance to communities done by governments ...............................2-20
Table 6.10.2 Assistance and guidance for establishing and reinforcing
autonomous groups for disaster management .....................................2-21
Table 6.10.3 Items of assistance and guidance for the preparation of education
materials and promotion of disaster education ....................................2-21
Table 6.10.4 Items of assistance and guidance for the prevention of fire-outbreak ...2-22
Table 6.105 Items of assistance and guidance for safety measures of dangerous
materials ..............................................................................................2-22
Table 6.10.6 Items of assistance and guidance for support to vulnerable people ....2-23

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Table 7.3.1 Future plan of green space by district .................................................2-26
Table 10.2.1 Sections and organizations responsible for implementation of
preparatory activities plan .................................................................... 3-3
Table 11.1.1 Mitigation/ preparedness activities by residents .................................. 3-4
Table 11.2.1 Matters to be confirmed in family beforehand ..................................... 3-5
Table 11.3.1 Preparedness activities by communities ............................................... 3-6
Table 11.3.2 Number of schools and communities in Yerevan City ......................... 3-6
Table 11.4.1 Equipment/ materials to be prepared by communities ......................... 3-7
Table 11.5.1 Items and contents of a list to be prepared by communities ................ 3-8
Table 11.6.1 Matters and items to be observed and described in a disaster
management ......................................................................................... 3-8
Table 11.8.1 Mode of contents of drills ...................................................................3-10
Table 11.8.2 Purpose of drills by enterprises ...........................................................3-10
Table 11.10.1 Assistance by official organizations for stockpiling of community ....3-12
Table 11.10.2 Assistance by official organizations for preparedness of lists .............3-12
Table 11.10.3 Assistance by official organizations to community for preparation of
a disaster management map, etc. .........................................................3-13
Table 11.1.1 Category and positions of volunteers ..................................................3-14
Table 11.11.2 major work of information centre for disaster volunteers ...................3-15
Table 11.113 Major work of on-site assisting centre for disaster volunteers ............3-15
Table 12.1.1 Preparation of facilities and stockpile in official buildings .................3-17
Table 14.3.1 Items of improvement of roads necessary to fire-fighting activities ...3-26
Table 15.2.1 Evacuation stages ................................................................................3-28
Table 16.1.1 Category of strategic roads .................................................................3-30
Table 16.1.2 Preparation on strategic roads .............................................................3-30
Table 16.4.1 Vehicles subject to emergency vehicles ..............................................3-31
Table 17.2.1 Items to be prepared under the initial medical care process ................3-33
Table 17.2.2 Standard formation and task of mobile medical teams .......................3-34
Table 20.1.1 Formation of specialized GHs and their subdivisions for recovery of
electric utility, communication and transport communication line .....3-41
Table 20.2.1 Rehabilitation bases ............................................................................3-42
Table 20.2.2 Major network facilities of lifeline, transportation, communication,
where rehabilitation bases to be established .......................................3-42
Table 20.6.1 Priority of rehabilitation of lifelines, transportation, and
communication facilities .....................................................................3-44
Table 21.1.1 Number of buildings completely destroyed in scenario earthquake
GF2 .....................................................................................................3-46
Table 21.1.2 Estimated amount of debris and waster due to scenario earthquake
GF2 .....................................................................................................3-46
Table 21.1.3 Candidates of debris disposal sites ......................................................3-47
Table 23.4.1 Classification of emergency situations ................................................. 4-4
Table 24.3.1 Information to be collected immediately after disasters ...................... 4-8
Table 24.3.1 Items to be included in an announcement by the Crisis Management
Center ................................................................................................... 4-9
Table 24.3.2 Information to be provided to mass media by CMC ............................ 4-9
Table 25.3.1 Primary objects of transportation/ classification by priority ...............4-15
Table List of large companies of first need goods production and wholesales centers
..............................................................................................................4-16
Table 27.1.1 Items of the order on evacuation .........................................................4-23
Table 27.1.2 Way of transportation of information ..................................................4-23
Table 27.1.3 Items of report to central state bodies .................................................4-24
Table 28.4.1 Activity of preventive measures for sanitary control ..........................4-30
Table 30.1.1 Mobilization measures organized by the anti-fire service ...................4-35
Table 30.1.2 Items of information for initial response on fire-fighting ...................4-35

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