Table Of Content- - THE
PROGRAMMER'S
IBM®P Cs and Compatible~
PS/l®S ystems
EISA-based Systems
MS-DOS®O perating System Through Version 3
Microsoft WindowsT• Through Version 3
Hundreds of New
Charts and Tables!
Thom Hogan
--THE--
PROGRAMMER'S
SOURCEBOOK
--THE
PROGRAMMER'S
SOURCEBOOK
Reference Tables for
IBM® PCs and Compatibles
PSI.!® Systems
EISA-based Systems
MS-DOS® Operating System Through Version 5
Microsoft Windows"' Through Version 3
Hundreds of New
Charts and Tables!
Thom Hogan
SECOND EDITION
PUBLISHED BY
Microsoft PrelS
A Division of Microsoft Co,poration
One Microsoft Way, Redmond, Washinston 98052-6399
Copyright C,1991 by Thom Hogan
All rights reserved. No part of the contents of this book
may be reproduced or transmilted in any form or by any means
without lhc wriucn permission of the publisher.
Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data
Hogan, Thom, 1952-
Thc programmer's PC sourccbook /Thom Hogan. --2nd ed.
p. cm.
Includes bibliographical references and index.
ISBN 1-55615-321-X
1. IBM microcompulerS--Programming. 2. MS-DOS (Computer operating
system) 3. mM Personal Systcm/2 (Computer system) I. Title.
n. Title: Programmer's PC source book.
QA76.8.ll015H64 1991
005.4'469--dc20 91-11237
CIP
Printed and bound in the United States of America.
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Distributed to the book trade in Canada by Macmillan of Canada, a division of Canada Publishing Corporation.
Distributed to the book trade outside lhe United States and Canada by Penguin Books Ltd.
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British Cataloging-in-Publication Data available.
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Contents
Introduction xxvii
PART I: Miscellaneous Information
SECTION 1: General Information 1-1
Numerit Conversions
Hexadecimal
1.01 Hexadecimal to Decimal Number Conversion 1-2
1.02 Hexadecimal to Binary Number Conversion 1-3
1.03 Hexadecimal to Octal Number Conversion 1.3
1.04 Hexadecimal Addition Tables 1-4
1.05 Hexadecimal Multiplication Tables 1-6
Binary
1.06 Binary Number Conversions 1-7
1.07 Binary to Signed Decimal Number Conversion 1-8
Octal
1.08 Octal to Decimal Number Conversion 1-9
1.09 Octal to Hexadecimal Number Conversion 1-9
I.JO Octal to Binary Number Conversion 1-10
Decimal
I.II Decimal to Binary Number Conversion 1-11
1.12 Decimal to Hexadecimal Number Conversion 1-12
1.13 Decimal to Octal Number Conversion 1-12
Common Data Formats
1.14 Two's Complements 1-13
1.15 Common 8086 Family Data Formats 1-14
1.16 Common Numeric Data Formats 1-14
1.17 Common String Formats 1-16
1.18 Common Memory Area Terminology 1-16
1.19 Binary Coded Decimal Number Format 1-17
ASCII
1.20 ASCII Control Codes 1-18
1.21 ASCII Character Set 1-19
1.22 IBM ASCII Character Set 1-20
1.23 IBM Keyboard Extended Function Codes 1-22
1.24 Line Drawing Character Set 1-24
EBCDIC
1.25 EBCDIC Character Set 1-25
Other Elements
1.26 Digit Positions in Common Bases 1-27
1.27 Powers of Two 1-27
1.28 ASCII and International Sort Ordering 1-28
1.29 Truth Tables for Logical Operations 1-29
vi The Programmer's PC Sourcebook
PART II: Software
SECTION 2: DOS Commands, Utilities, and Summaries 2.1
DOS Commands
2.01 DOS Command Summary 2-3
2.02 Exit Codes Returned by DOS Commands 2-9
2.03 DOS Extended Error Messages 2-10
2.04 DOS Parse Error Messages 2-11
DOS Command Utilities
2.05 Editing DOS Command Lines 2-11
2.06 Batch File Commands 2-12
2.07 CONFIG.SYS Commands and Default Settings 2-13
2.08 PROMPT Special Characters 2-14
2.09 PROMPT ANSI Control Strings 2-15
2.10 PROMPT ANSI Display Attribute Strings 2-16
2.11 Device Driver Parameters 2-17
DOS Utilities
2.12 DEBUG Command Summary 2-18
2.13 EDLIN Command Summary 2-20
2.14 LIB Operators Summary 2-21
2.15 LINK Parameters Summary 2-21
2.16 DOSSHELL Program Startup Options 2-22
2.17 DOSSHELL Program Special Key Assignments 2-23
DOS Disk Layouts
2.18 Directory Entries 2-24
2.19 File Attribute Byte 2-24
2.20 Date/fime Formats 2-25
2.21 FAT Layouts 2-26
2.22 Disk ID Bytes 2-26
2.23 Disk Boot Record Layout 2-27
2.24 Disk Partition Table Layout 2-27
2.25 Floppy Disk Fonnat Summary 2-29
2.26 IBM Hard Disk Fonnat Summary 2-29
DOS File Layouts
2.27 EXE File Header 2-30
2.28 COM Program Layout 2-30
2.29 COM versus EXE File Differences 2-31
2.30 Font File (Code Page) Layout 2-31
2.31 Operating System Files Summary 2-32
2.32 Included Command Files Summary 2-32
2.33 Common File Types (Extensions) 2-34
Other
2.34 Typical DOS Memory Usage 2-37
2.35 Allowable Characters in Filenames 2-38
2.36 Filename Separator Characters 2-38
Co11tc1't.t vii
SECTION 3: DOS Function Calls and Support Tables 3-1
INT 21H Function Summaries
3.001 INT 21H Funclions by DOS Version Summary 3-6
3.002 INT 21H Keyboard Functions Summary 3-8
3.003 INT 21H FCB-Oriented Functions Summary 3-9
3.004 INT 21H Handle-Oriented Functions Summary 3-10
3.005 INT 21 H IOCTL Device-Oriented Functions Summary 3-11
3.006 INT 21H Directory Management Functions Summary 3-12
3.007 INT 21H Drive Management Functions Summary 3-12
3.008 INT 21H File-Sharing Functions Summary 3-12
3.009 INT 21H Character l/0 Functions Summary 3-13
3.010 INT 21H Memory Management Functions Summary 3-13
3.01 I INT 21H Program Management Functions Summary 3-14
3.012 INT 21H National-Language Support Functions Summary 3-14
3.013 INT 21H System Management Functions Summary 3-15
3.014 INT 21H Network Functions Summary 3-15
INT 21H Functions
3.015 Typical DOS Register Use 3-16
3.016 INT 21H, AH=OOH-Terminate Program 3-16
3.017 INT 21H, AH=0IH-Read Keyboard with Echo 3-17
3.018 INT 21H, AH=02H - Display Character 3-18
3.019 INT 21H, AH=03H-Auxiliary Input 3-19
3.020 INT 21H, AH=04H-Auxiliary Ou1put 3-19
3.021 INT 21H, AH=05H -Print Character 3-20
3.022 INT 21H, AH=06H -Direct Console 1/0 3-20
3.023 INT 21H, AH=07H-Direct Console Input 3-21
3.024 INT 21H, AH=08H-Read Keyboard without Echo 3-22
3.025 INT 21H, AH=09H -Display String 3-22
3.026 INT 21H, AH=OAH-Buffered Keyboard Input 3-23
3.027 INT 21H, AH=OBH-Check Keyboard Status 3-23
3.028 INT 21H, AH=OCH-Flush Buffer, Read Keyboard 3-24
3.029 INT 21H, AH=0DH - Reset Drive 3-24
3.030 INT 21H, AH=OEH - Set Default Drive 3-25
3.031 INT21H,AH=OFH-OpenFilewithFCB 3-25
3.032 INT 21H, AH=IOH-Close File with FCB 3-26
3.033 INT 21H, AH=llH-Find First File with FCB 3-26
3.034 INT 21H, AH=l2H-Find Next File with FCB 3-27
3.035 INT 21H, AH=13H-Delete File wilh FCB 3-28
3.036 INT 21H, AH=14H -Sequenlial Read 3-28
3.037 INT 21H, AH=l5H -Sequential Write 3-29
3.038 INT 21H, AH=16H-Create File with FCB 3-30
3.039 INT 21H, AH=l7H-Rename File with FCB 3-31
3.040 INT 21H, AH=l9H-Get Current Drive 3-31
3.041 INT 21H, AH=IAH - Set Disk Transfer Address 3-32
3.042 INT 21H, AH=IBH-Get Default Drive Data 3-32
3.043 INT 21H, AH=ICH -Get Drive Data 3-33
3.044 INT 21H, AH=IFH -Get Default DPB 3-33
3.045 INT 21H, AH=21H-Random Read 3-34
3.046 INT 21H, AH=22H-Random Write 3-34
3.047 INT 21H, AH=23H -Gel File Size 3-35
3.048 INT 21 H, AH=24H - Set Random Record Number 3-36
3.049 INT 21H, AH=25H -Set Interrupt Vector 3-36
3.050 INT 21H, AH=26H - Create New Program Segmenl Prefix 3-37
3.051 INT 21H, AH=27H-Random Block Read 3-37
The Programmer~ PC Sourceboolc ·
3.164 INT 21H, AH=65H, AL=22H-Conven ASCIIZ String 3-109
3.165 INT 21H, AH=66H, AL=OIH-GetGlobal Code Page 3-110
3.166 INT 21H, AH=66H, AL=02H-SetGlobal Code Page 3-110
3.167 INT 21H, AH=67H-Set Maximum Handle Count 3-111
3.168 INT 21H, AH=68H-Commit File 3-111
3. I 69 INT 2 IH, AH=6CH - Extended Open/Create 3-112
File System Structures and Supporting Tables
3.170 BOOTSECTOR Structure 3-113
3.171 DEVICEPARAMS Structure 3-114
3.172 DIRENTRY Structure 3-115
3.173 DPB Structure 3-115
3.174 EXTENDEDFCB Structure and EXTHEADER Structure 3-116
3.175 FCB Structure (Opened) 3-116
3.176 FCB Structure (Unopened) 3-117
3. I 77 FILEINFO Structure 3-117
3.178 FVBLOCK Structure 3-118
3.179 MID Structure 3-118
3.180 PARTENTRY Structure 3-118
3.181 RENAMEFCB Structure 3-119
3.182 RWBLOCK Structure 3-119
3.183 TRACKLAYOUTStructure 3-119
3.184 Logical Drive Numbers 3-120
3.185 FCB Error Codes 3-120
3.186 Parse Control Byte 3-121
3.187 Handle Access Byte 3-121
3.188 Predefined Handles 3-122
3.189 Handle Pointer Movement Methods 3-122
Program Management Structures and Supporting Tables
3.190 ARENA Structure (DOS Memory Control Blocks) 3-122
3.191 ERROR Structure and Error Code Values 3-123
3.192 EXECSTATE Structure 3-125
3.193 LOAD Structure 3-125
3. I 94 LOADEXEC Structure 3-125
3.195 LOADOVERLAY Structure 3-126
3.196 PSP Structure 3-126
3.197 Memory Allocation Strategies 3-127
3.198 Environment Blocks 3-127
National-Language Support Structures and Supporting Tables
3.199 Country Codes 3-128
3.200 Code-Page Assignments 3-129
3.201 Select/Query Code-Page Parameter Blocks 3-129
3.202 CODEPAGE Structure 3-130
3.203 COUNTRYINFO Structure 3-130
3.204 CPENTRYHEADER Structure 3-131
3.205 CPLIST Structure 3-131
3.206 CPPREPARE Structure 3-131
3.207 FILECHARTABLE Structure 3-131
3.208 FONTDATAHEADER Structure 3-132
3.209 FONTFILEHEADER Structure 3-132
3.2!0 FONTINFOHEADER Structure 3-132
3.211 PRINTERFONTHEADER Structure 3-132
3.212 SCREENFONTHEADER Structure 3-132
