Table Of ContentThe Post-Mobile Society
With the spread of mobile augmented reality, it has become very diffi cult to consider
digital space and physical space independently. In this book, the authors identify and
discuss the state ‘second offl ine’, which refers to a real-world environment whose
elements are augmented by virtual information and one in which individuals are
constantly referring to the online world.
Second offl ine is observed across a wide range of social contexts, and the
relationship between superimposed digital online information and physical
offl ine information is increasingly important. This book analyses the cooperative
relationship between online and offl ine and also examines situations where there
may be a confl ict between these realities. Furthermore, the authors discuss the
possibility that in addition to infl uencing the physical space, the digital world
actually causes some of the physical world to be lost.
Offering a discussion of the implications of a post-mobile society in which
second offl ine is widespread, this edited collection will be of interest to students,
scholars, and practitioners working in sociology, mobile media, and cultural studies
more generally.
Hidenori Tomita is Professor at the Faculty of Sociology, Kansai University,
Japan.
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The Post-Mobile Society
From the smart/mobile
to second offl ine
Edited by Hidenori Tomita
First published 2016
by Routledge
2 Park Square, Milton Park, Abingdon, Oxon OX14 4RN
and by Routledge
711 Third Avenue, New York, NY 10017
Routledge is an imprint of the Taylor & Francis Group,
an informa business
© 2016 selection and editorial material, Hidenori Tomita; individual
chapters, the contributors
The right of Hidenori Tomita to be identifi ed as author of the editorial
material, and of the individual authors as authors of their contributions, has
been asserted by them in accordance with sections 77 and 78 of the
Copyright, Designs and Patents Act 1988.
All rights reserved. No part of this book may be reprinted or reproduced or
utilised in any form or by any electronic, mechanical, or other means, now
known or hereafter invented, including photocopying and recording, or in
any information storage or retrieval system, without permission in writing
from the publishers.
Trademark notice: Product or corporate names may be trademarks or
registered trademarks, and are used only for identifi cation and explanation
without intent to infringe.
British Library Cataloguing in Publication Data
A catalogue record for this book is available from the British Library
Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data
Names: Tomita, Hidenori, editor.
Title: The post-mobile society : from the smart/mobile to second offl ine /
edited by Hidenori Tomita.
Description: Abingdon, Oxon ; NewYork, NY : Routledge, 2016. |
Series: Ontological explorations | Includes index.
Identifi ers: LCCN 2015042819 | ISBN 9781138904590 (hardback) |
ISBN 9781315696263 (e-book)
Subjects: LCSH: Information society. | Information technology—Social
aspects. | Mobile computing—Social aspects. | Digital media.
Classifi cation: LCC HM851 .P66935 2016 | DDC 303.48/33—dc23
LC record available at http://lccn.loc.gov/2015042819
ISBN: 978-1-138-90459-0 (hbk)
ISBN: 978-1-315-69626-3 (ebk)
Typeset in Times New Roman
by Apex CoVantage, LLC
Contents
List of fi gures ix
List of tables x
Contributors xi
Introduction xiv
1 What is second offl ine? 1
HIDENORI TOMITA
PART I
From Kafka’s letter to mobile media 11
2 Pre-history of mobile practices: genealogy of telepresence 13
KYOUNG-HWA YONNIE KIM
3 Development of mobile handsets and services on the
supplier’s side 24
TOMOYUKI OKADA
PART II
Social life and mobile media 35
4 Mediated workplaces and work styles as second offl ine 37
KEITA MATSUSHITA
5 Second offl ine perspective on the medical fi eld 47
YUICHI KOGURE
6 Mobile media and school education 57
ERIKO UEMATSU
viii Contents
7 Polyreality: sociological imagination evoked by smartphones 67
KUNIKAZU AMAGASA
PART III
Cultural life and mobile media 79
8 Recreation and mobile content: ‘the future of mobile content:
a new “me” in rich context’ 81
KOTA ITO
9 Romantic relationships and media usage among university
students 93
ICHIYO HABUCHI
10 The ‘triple junction model’ of mobile media: two dogmas of
the ‘myth of communication’ 105
KENICHI FUJIMOTO
PART IV
Social media and mobile society 117
11 Good grief: the role of social mobile media in the 3.11
earthquake disaster in Japan 119
LARISSA HJORTH AND KYOUNG-HWA YONNIE KIM
12 Mobile media and social movements: structural change and
spatial transformation of protest demonstrations 135
MASAAKI ITO
13 News exposure via social media and the fi lter bubble: do shares
and retweets foster social fragmentation? 147
MORIHIRO OGASAHARA
Conclusion: from ubiquitous to second offl ine: the near future
of the mobile society 157
HIDENORI TOMITA
Index 161
Figures
1.1 A simplifi ed representation of a ‘virtuality continuum’ 4
1.2 The Amemil app 5
2.1 Offi cial picture postcards in commemoration of the triumph
of the Russo-Japanese War, published by the Meiji government
in 1904 and 1905 16
3.1 Pocket Board 27
3.2 Camera phone SH-04 and former models, SH-02, SH-03; front
side and back side 32
4.1 Shifts in narrow application teleworkers 39
5.1 Mixed reality surgery 51
5.2 Specialists can provide treatment advice while communicating
via FaceTime and viewing CT images or other forms of medical
information 54
6.1 Takagishi kindergarten classroom 64
7.1 Fieldwork site: a child-rearing support center 68
8.1 Normal communication and extremely direct communication 83
8.2 AR Yama 1000 (AR Japanese Mountain 1000) provided
by MCR, LLC 86
8.3 UNLOG provided by UNLOG K.K 91
10.1 ON x OFF matrix of mobile devices’ power 106
10.2 The basic 1–2–3 model 109
10.3 Mechanisms of the 1–2–3 model 110
10.4 The triple junction model of communication 111
10.5 Introduction of external environmental factors to
the mathematical model of communication 112
10.6 From a static triple junction model to a dynamic triple
junction-propeller model 112
12.1 The scene at an antinuclear protest in Tokyo’s Shibuya
neighbourhood 138
12.2 The scene at an antiforeigner demonstration in Tokyo’s
Shin-Okubo neighbourhood 145
13.1 Hypothesized model 151
