The Patterns of Architecture (Architectural Design Vol. 79 No. 6 November December 2009)

147 Pages·2010·36.31 MB·English

by  Mark Garcia

Patterns
of Architecture
4
Architectural Design Forthcoming Titles
January/February 2010 Profile No 203
Turkey – At the Threshold
Guest-edited by Hülya Ertas, Defne Sungurog˘lu Hensel and Michael Hensel
This is a pertinent moment to take stock and to look at Turkey’s past, present and future. In 2010
Istanbul will become European Capital of Culture and all eyes will be on Turkey, bringing the nation’s cul-
tural renaissance and evolution to the fore internationally. Since the early 2000s, Turkey has undergone a
remarkable economic recovery, accompanied by urban development and a cultural flowering. Positioned
between an expanding European Union and an unstable Middle East, the country provides a fascinating
interface between the Occident and the Orient. Taking into account the current political concerns with a
potential clash of Eastern and Western cultures, Turkey is poised at a vital global crossroads.
• Tackles issues of globalisation and the potential threat that a rapid rolling out of an overly homogenised
built environment poses to rich local building traditions that are founded on specific climatic knowledge
and cultural diversity.
• Provides an analytical and projective approach that highlights specific aspects of Turkey’s rich heritage
and contemporary design culture that can shape a specific yet pluralistic future identity and culture.
• Contributors include: Tevfik Balciog˘lu, Edhem Eldem, Tolga Islam, Zeynep Kezer, Ug˘ur Tanyeli, Ilhan
Tekeli and Banu Tomruk.
March/April 2010 Profile No 204
Exuberance in Architecture
Guest-edited by Marjan Colletti
This title of ADheralds a new era of exuberance in digital design. Having overcome the alienation and
otherness of the cyber, having mastered the virtual qualities and protocols of the parametric, having
achieved the intricacy and elegance of the digital, and having fully embraced the potential of 3-D com-
puter software and CAD/CAM manufacturing technologies, it is now time for architects to show off!
Conjure up the extravagance of furniture design, the abundance of CGI in Hollywood, the profuseness
of bio-techno ornamentation or the lavishness of Middle-Eastern and Asian super-urbanism. Exuberance
not only celebrates new Baroque theatricality, formal sophistication and digital virtuosity; it also
debates a plethora of joyful and intelligent ways in which experimental architecture manages to cope
with the contemporary turmoil in global politics, economics and ecology.
• Includes the work of seminal figures such as Ron Arad, Peter Cook and Wolf D Prix
• Features Hernan Diaz Alonso, Evan Douglis, CJ Lim, Ali Rahim, Neil Spiller, Kjetil Thorsen
and Tom Wiscombe.
May/June 2010 Profile No 205
Territory: Architecture Beyond Environment
Guest-edited by David Gissen
Advancing a new relationship between architecture and nature, Territoryemphasises the simultaneous
production of architectural objects and the environment surrounding them. Conceptualised within a
framework that draws from physical and human geographical thought, this title of ADexamines the pos-
sibility of an architecture that actively produces its external, ecological conditions. The architecture here
scans and modifies atmospheres, arboreal zones, geothermal exchange, magnetic fields, habitats and
toxicities – enabling new and intense geographical patterns, effects, and sensations within architectural
and urban experience. Territorycharts out a space, a territory, for architecture beyond conceptualisa-
tions of context or environment, understood as that stable setting which pre-exists the production of
new things. Ultimately, it suggests a role for architecture as a strategy of environmental tinkering versus
one of accommodation or balance with an external natural world.
• Features architects: Patrick Blanc, Gilles Ebersolt, Nicholas de Monchaux, Future Cities Lab, Fritz
Haeg, Omar Khan, The Living, R&Sie(n), SeARCH and WEATHERS.
• Cross-disciplinary contributions come from geographers, historians and theorists Ila Berman, Javier
Arbona, Ben Campkin, Edward Eigen, Matthew Gandy, Antoine Picon and Mitchell Schwarzer.
4
Architectural Design Backlist Titles
Volume 77 No. 2 ISBN 0470034793 Volume 77 No. 3 ISBN 0470031891 Volume 77 No. 4 ISBN 978 0470319116 Volume 77 No. 5 ISBN 978 0470028377
Volume 77 No. 6 ISBN 978 0470034767 Volume 78 No. 1 ISBN 978 0470066379 Volume 78 No. 2 ISBN 978 0470516874 Volume 78 No. 3 ISBN 978 0470512548
Volume 78 No. 4 ISBN 978 0470519479 Volume 78 No. 5 ISBN 978-0470751220 Volume 78 No. 6 ISBN 978-0470519585 Volume 79 No. 1 ISBN 978-0470997796
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4
Patterns
of Architecture
Architectural Design Guest-edited by Mark Garcia
November/December 2009
IN THIS ISSUE
Main Section
OFFICE POLITICS
Alejandro Zaera-Polo of Foreign Office Architects explores
the political and cultural opportunities of sophisticated
patterning techniques on the building envelope, which
usurp traditional and contemporary iconography in their
ability to bridge the local and the global. P 18
PATTERNING PARAMETRICALLY
Patrik Schumacher of Zaha Hadid Architects advocates
the application of surface pattern design in parametric
architecture as a significant means of architectural
articulation, providing the exterior surface with various
levels of differentiation and correlation. P 28
THE PATTERN ENGINEER
In an exclusive interview with Mark Garcia,
Hanif Kara of Adams Kara Taylor extols the many
applications of patterns in structural engineering,
from the micro to the meta. P 66
4
+
SYLVAN STUDIES
Jayne Merkel describes how Hopkins Architects have
provided Yale University’s pioneering School of Forestry
and Environmental Studies with a living laboratory of
energy-efficient design. P 118+
Architectural Design
Vol 79, No 6 (November/December 2009)
ISSN 0003-8504
Profile No 202
ISBN 978-0470 699591
C O N T E N T S
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Editorial Board John Wiley & Sons Ltd New Patterns in Urban Design
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Jencks, Bob Maxwell, Jayne Merkel, Mark
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Patrik Schumacher, Neil Spiller, Michael
Weinstock, Ken Yeang, Alejandro Zaera-Polo
4
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88 110+ 132+
Patterns in Performance- Practice Profile Spiller’s Bits
Oriented Design: SAI Consultants Basking in a World of
An Approach towards Pattern Brian McGrath Your Own Making
Recognition, Generation and Neil Spiller
118+
Instrumentalisation
134+
Michael Hensel and Interior Eye
Achim Menges Hopkins Architects’ Kroon Hall, Yeang’s Eco-Files
Yale University Designing for Disassembly (DfD)
94
Jayne Merkel Elma Durmisevic and
Pattern Deposition: Ken Yeang
124+
From Scripts to Applications
138+
Mike Silver Building Profile
Norfolk Park Green Homes, Userscape
100
Sheffield Futuristic Retail Spaces
Psychology and Perception of David Littlefield Valentina Croci
Patterns in Architecture
128+ 142+
Patricia A Rodemann
Unit Factor McLean’s Nuggets
Head Banging: Will McLean
Engineered Neutrality + the
Parametric Ceiling
Francesca Hughes
Editorial
carpets’ or ‘patterned wallpaper’ in someone’s home all too easily
implying unbridled decoration and taste.
Patterns’ newfound integrity in architecture can be explained to
some degree by the fundamental role that they play in computer
Helen Castle
science, artificial intelligence and biology, as a series or sequence of
repeated elements. This has made architects realise that patterns are
In this issue, guest-editor Mark Garcia captures the not just skin deep, a matter of decoration, but are intrinsic to the
Zeitgeist. He not only asserts the significant place natural and the man-made world. The shift in discussion is from the
that patterns now have in contemporary architecture – notion of pattern-making alone to pattern recognition. The recognition
whether it is in terms of iconography, formalism, of particular urban patterns, for instance, is an essential analytical tool
urban pattern recognition, landscape design, for urban designers or for landscape architects for whom work has to be
structural engineering or interior design – but also site specific. It is also just as important for architects and engineers
their newfound integrity. For many centuries, seeking a biomimetic approach, learning from the patterns evident in
architects have had an ambivalent relationship with biological systems. The elevation of patterns from their previously lowly
pattern. Patterns have smacked of the imitative: with position in architectural culture, enabled by their recognition in the
the speculative builder or mason supposedly natural and computer sciences, has also allowed a new take on
‘unknowingly’ copying decorative detailing from pattern-making to emerge. This is most apparent here with Patrik
pattern books. They have also hinted of the profligate Schumacher of Zaha Hadid Architects espousing the application of
and the extraneous, suggesting an excessive surface pattern design in parametric architecture as a significant
application of surface ornament more characteristic of means of architectural articulation, and Alejandro Zaera-Polo of
the vernacular builder than the trained architect. For Foreign Office Architects exploring the possibilities of patterns as a new
the architectural profession, which is all too wary of type of iconography that can build new bridges by transcending the local
the need to retain its position as designers of the and the global. For it seems the act of pattern recognition has liberated
tectonic and the tectonic alone, patterns can also architecture from one of its demons, so that it is able to put some of its
occupy a place far too close to the decorative – the self-imposed reservations about patterns behind it and start to realise
domain of the interior decorator rather than the the significance and possibilities of pattern-making in design. 4
architect. In everyday life, pattern has also taken on
Text © 2009 John Wiley & Sons Ltd. Images: p 4 © Steve Gorton; p 5 © NASA, ESA,
derogatory overtones. References to ‘patterned and E Peng (Peking University, Beijing)
4
Hubble ACS image of 100 Virgo cluster galaxies. Patterns of galaxies/galaxies of patterns: ubiquitous and universal natural patterns stretch on into infinity.
5
Introduction
PPrroolloogguuee ffoorr aa HHiissttoorryy,, TThheeoorryy aanndd FFuuttuurree ooff
PPaatttteerrnnss ooff AArrcchhiitteeccttuurree aanndd SSppaattiiaall DDeessiiggnn
By Mark Garcia
Left to right:
Top row: UNStudio, Seoul department store, 2007; François Blanciak, Patterned Siteless
Architectures, 2008; Ken Yeang, Public Plaza, Macau, 2008; Rare breast-pattern
Mammatucumulus clouds over Stepney, London, 14 July 2009; Centre for Advanced
Spatial Analysis (CASA), Virtual London pattern of air pollution in central London, 2007;
Amanda Levete Architects, Central Embassy, Bangkok, Thailand, 2009; Ken Yeang, Green
Square, Sydney, 2008.
Second row: Ken Yeang, Huanan City, Guangzhou, China, 2008; Dietrich | Untertrifaller
Architekten, Walch’s Event Catering, Lustenau, Austria, 2000; German Aerospace Agency,
Satellite multispectral photograph of Bolivia; Jun Aoki, Louis Vuitton store, Tokyo, 2002;
Gemma Douglas (Department of Architecture, Royal College of Art), UKHQ, 2008;
Amanda Levete Architects, Central Embassy, Bangkok, Thailand, 2009.
Third row: HOK, Royal London Hospital, Whitechapel, 2009; The same Modernist building
projected with different patterns to mark the opening of the third Luminale festival in
Frankfurt am Main, 2006; Hypermedia- and trans-architectures have shifted patterned
architectures into a virtual, digital realm where rapidly changing, interactive screens
and projections are transforming architecture and urban/public spaces into spatial
pattern-machines/factories; Daly Genik, Art Center College of Design South Campus
Building, Pasadena, California, 2004; Astrid Krogh, Danish Parliament Building, 2008;
Nigel Coates, Structural ‘Henna’ pattern for the Finger City building in Mixtacity,
Thames Gateway, 2008.
Fourth row: Reiser + Umemoto, Terminal 3, Shenzhen Airport, China, 2008; The Solar One
farm near Barstow, California; Alex Dragulescu and Judith Donath (MIT Sociable Media
Group), Lexigraphs I, 2008; Astrid Krogh, Danish Parliament Building, 2008; Daniel
Libeskind, The Spiral: Extension to the Victoria & Albert Museum, London, 1996.
Fifth row: FAT, Camouflage House, 1996; Zaha Hadid Architects, Stalactites installation,
Sonnabend and ROVE Galleries, New York, 2008; Zaha Hadid Architects, Louvre Museum
extension, Paris, 2007; Zaha Hadid Architects, Zaragoza Bridge Pavilion, 2008; Zaha
Hadid Architects, Port House, Antwerp, 2009.
Sixth row: Zaha Hadid Architects, Kartal Pendik installation, Sonnabend and ROVE Galleries,
New York, 2008; Zaha Hadid Architects, Kartal Pendik, Istanbul, Turkey, 2007; SMC Alsop,
Dubai Creek Ferry Terminal, 2009; Michael Lin, Floor of Tulips in Atrium City Hall, The
Hague, 2002; SANAA, Dior store, Toyko, 2003; Toyo Ito, Todd’s Store, Tokyo, 2004; Klein
Dytham Architecture, Central East Tokyo, Nihonbashi, Tokyo, 2004
Seventh row: Simon Elvins, Silent London, 2005; Neil Banas, Rosette, 2008; Bodyz Isek
Kingelez, Ville de Sete. Detail of the Afro-futurist critical regionalist patterns on the
model of this African city in AD3009; Reiser + Umemoto, Terminal 3, Shenzhen Airport,
China, 2008; Marina Appolonio, ‘Spazio ad Attivazione Cinetica’, Hesse, Germany, 2007;
Michal Slowinski (Department of Architecture, Royal College of Art), 3-D pattern of the
Internet and its connectivity in Battersea, London, 2008.
Images (left to right). Top row: © Christian Richters; © François Blanciak; ©
Ken Yeang; © Mark Garcia; © Centre for Advanced Spatial Analysis, University
College London and Environmental Research Group at Kings College London; ©
Amanda Levete Architects; © Ken Yeang. Second row: © Ken Yeang; © Ignacio
Martinez; © German Aerospace Center (DLR)/Global Landcover Facility (GLCF);
© Mark Garcia; © Gemma Douglas; © Amanda Levete Architects. Third Row: ©
Mark Garcia; © Ann Dedert/epa/Corbis); © Mark Garcia; © Nic Lehoux; © Astrid
Krogh; © Nigel Coates. Fourth row: © Reiser + Umemoto; © Grafton Marshall
Smith/Corbis; © The Sociable Media Group, MIT Media Lab; © Astrid Krogh; ©
Studio Daniel Libeskind, photo courtesy of Miller Hare. Fifth row: © Fashion
Architecture Taste (FAT) Ltd; © Isa Wipfli; © Zaha Hadid Architects. Sixth row:
© Isa Wipfli; © Zaha Hadid Architects; © Alsop Architects; © Photo Yvonne
Eeuwes, courtesy Stroom, The Hague; © Mark Garcia; © Klein Dytham
architecture. Seventh row: © Simon Elvins (original data collected by DEFRA –
Department for Environment, Food and Rural Affairs); © Neil Banas,
neilbanas.com; © Mark Garcia; © Reiser + Umemoto; © Frank
Rupenhorst/dpa/Corbis; © Michal Slowinski.