The Palgrave Handbook Of Populism

693 Pages·2022·11.325 MB·English

by  Michael Oswald

The Palgrave Handbook
of Populism
Edited by
Michael Oswald
The Palgrave Handbook of Populism
Michael Oswald
Editor
The Palgrave
Handbook of Populism
Editor
Michael Oswald
Political Science
University of Passau
Passau, Bayern, Germany
ISBN 978-3-030-80802-0 ISBN 978-3-030-80803-7 (eBook)
https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-80803-7
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Preface
Handbooks are intended to give a systematic overview of a subject and its
mostimportantsub-areas.Thisvolumeisnotintendedtocompetewithother
handbooks dealing with populism already on the market—there are excellent
handbooks.And,althoughthishandbookisastand-alonepublication,itsvalue
lies in how far it extends the discussions on important topics that are either
not covered in other volumes or not adequately represented. Of particular
note here are the highly important topics such as ‘Populism & Gender’ or
‘The Psychology of Populism’. This handbook offers insight into some of the
most potent and relevant dimensions of populism’s expressions and thereby
extending our understanding and appreciation of the concept’s significance
within our contemporary political world.
Manythanksgoouttonotonlythemanyauthorsofthisvolumewhohave
laboredsodiligentlyandtenaciouslytodrawoutthemanyaspectsandimplica-
tionsofpopulismandhavesoughttoenlightenusaboutthelessthanobvious
hues and tomes of one of social science’s most compelling and demanding
subjects, but to those research assistants as well who have so generously and
selflessly devoted their time and dedication to this project’s progress and
completion, without whom this volume would not have been possible. First
and foremost, among those are Elena Broda and Mario Schäfer who assisted
with editing and the essential task of careful and diligent communication with
thevolume’sauthors.Icouldnothavedoneitwithoutyou!Also,manythanks
to my wife Valentina, and above all to my children, Ava and Levi.
Passau, Germany Dr. Michael Oswald
March 2021
v
Contents
Part I Populism–Introduction to & Some Reflections on the
Concept
1 The New Age of Populism: Reapproaching a Diffuse
Concept 3
Michael Oswald, Mario Schäfer, and Elena Broda
Part II Theoretical Critique
2 The Past and Present of American Populism 31
Anton Jäger
3 Populism Is Hegemony Is Politics? Ernesto Laclau’s
Theory of Populism 49
Benjamin Arditi
4 “An Antipodean Populism? Winston Peters, New Zealand
First, and the Problems of Misclassification” 69
David B. MacDonald
5 A Critique of Left-Wing Populism: Critical Materialist
and Social-Psychological Perspectives 85
Helge Petersen and Hannah Hecker
Part III The Political Psychology of Populism & its Affective
Underpinnings
6 The Psychology of Populism 103
Darren G. Lilleker and Nathalie Weidhase
7 Emotional Mobilization: The Affective Underpinnings
of Right-Wing Populist Party Support 115
Hans-Georg Betz and Michael Oswald
vii
viii CONTENTS
8 From Specific Worries to Generalized Anger: The
Emotional Dynamics of Right-Wing Political Populism 145
Christoph Giang Nguyen, Mikko Salmela,
and Christian von Scheve
Part IV Authoritarian Populism & Fascism
9 Fascism and Populism 163
Carlos de la Torre
10 Populism and Authoritarianism 177
Gabriella Gricius
11 Authoritarian Populism and Collective Memory
Manipulation 195
Rafał Riedel
12 The (Almost) Forgotten Elitist Sources of Right-Wing
Populism Kaltenbrunner, Höcke and the Distaste
for the Masses 213
Phillip Becher
Part V Economic Populism, Inequality & Crises
13 Populism and the Economics of Antitrust 227
Aurelien Portuese
14 The Red Herring of Economic Populism 245
Paris Aslanidis
15 Populist Mobilization in the United States: Adding
Political Economy to Cultural Explanations 263
Christian Lammert and Boris Vormann
Part VI Populism & Gender
16 Right-Wing Populism and Gender 277
Gabriele Dietze
17 ‘The Gendered Politics of Right-Wing Populism
and Instersectional Feminist Contestations’ 291
Julia Roth
18 Popular Sovereignty and (Non)recognition in Venezuela:
On the Coming into Political Being of ‘el Pueblo’ 303
Sara C. Motta and Ybiskay Gonzalez Torres
CONTENTS ix
Part VII New Populisms and Cleavages
19 Environmental Populism 321
Aron Buzogány and Christoph Mohamad-Klotzbach
20 Medical Populism 341
Gideon Lasco
21 Global Populism 351
Daniel F. Wajner
22 Populism and the Cosmopolitan–Communitarian Divide 369
Frank Decker
23 Populism and the Recasting of the Ideological Landscape
of Liberal Democracies 379
Albena Azmanova
Part VIII Populism Discourses
24 Meaning Matters: The Political Language of Islamic
Populism 389
Inaya Rakhmani and Vedi Hadiz
25 Populism, Anti-populism and Post-truth 407
Antonis Galanopoulos and Yannis Stavrakakis
26 Experience Narratives and Populist Rhetoric in U.S.
House Primaries 421
Mike Cowburn
27 The Framing of Right-Wing Populism: Intricacies
of ‘Populist’ Narratives, Emotions, and Resonance 437
Julia Leser and Rebecca Pates
28 Populism and Collective Memory 451
Luca Manucci
Part IX Populists in Office
29 Populism in Southeast Asia 471
Paul D. Kenny
30 Populism in Africa and the Anti-Corruption Trope
in Nigeria’s Politics 485
Sylvester Odion Akhaine
31 PopulisminSouthernAfricaUnderLiberationMovements
as Governments: The Cases of Namibia, South Africa
and Zimbabwe 497
Henning Melber
x CONTENTS
32 Venezuela: The Institutionalization of Authoritarian
Populism 511
Thomas Kestler and Miguel Latouche
33 Populist Neo-Imperialism: A New Take on Populist
Foreign Policy 527
Ole Frahm and Dirk Lehmkuhl
Part X Strategic Populism & Societal Support
34 Populism as an Implementation of National Biopolitics:
The Case of Poland 545
Szymon Wróbel
35 Understanding the Support of Right-Wing Populist
Positions Within Unsuspected Groups: The Case
of Professional Social Workers in Italy 563
Luca Fazzi and Urban Nothdurfter
36 Clarifying Our Populist Moment(s): Right-Wing
and Left-Wing Populism in the 2016 Presidential Election 579
Edward G. Carmines, Eric R. Schmidt,
and Matthew R. Fowler
Part XI Consequences of Populism & Anti-Populist
Discourse
37 New Parties, Populism, and Parliamentary Polarization:
Evidence from Plenary Debates in the German Bundestag 611
Marcel Lewandowsky, Julia Schwanholz,
Christoph Leonhardt, and Andreas Blätte
38 The Enemy in My House: How Right-Wing Populism
Radicalized the Debate About Citizenship in France 629
Elena Dück and Sebastian Glassner
39 Can Right-Wing Populist Parties Solve the “Democratic
Dilemma”? 649
Martin Althoff
40 Searching for the Philosopher’s Stone: Counterstrategies
Against Populism 665
Mario Schäfer and Florian Hartleb
Index 687
Notes on Contributors
Sylvester Odion Akhaine is a Professor of Political Science at the Depart-
ment of Political Science, Lagos State University, Nigeria.
Martin Althoff Dipl.-Soz.-Wiss. Martin Althoff studied political science at
the University of Duisburg-Essen from 2005 to 2012. After graduation, he
worked from 2013 to 2017 as a research assistant at the Institute for Polit-
ical Science at the University of Münster. Since 2017 he has been working as
a Lecturer and research assistant at the NSI-University of Applied Sciences
in Hannover. He is currently working on his Ph.D. thesis, researches and
publishes on the subject of political participation and works primarily with
quantitative methods.
Benjamin Arditi is a Professor of Politics at UNAM, the National Univer-
sity of Mexico. He is the author of Politics on the edges of liberalism: differ-
ence, populism, revolution, emancipation (Edinburgh University Press, 2007,
2008;SpanishtranslationinGedisa2010,2014,2017).Heco-editsthebook
series Taking on the Political published by Edinburgh University Press. His
researchfocusesonnetworkedpoliticalinsurgencies,populismandilliberaland
postliberal politics.
Paris Aslanidis is a Lecturer of Political Science at Yale University, Depart-
ment of Political Science and Hellenic Studies Program, MacMillan Center
for International and Area Studies. His work focuses on populism from the
perspectives of party politics, social mobilization and intellectual history. He
has published with Political Studies, Democratization, Sociological Forum,
Mobilization, Quality & Quantity, among other journals, and his chapter on
‘PopulismandSocialMovements’appearsintheOxfordHandbookofPopulism.
Albena Azmanova isanAssociateProfessorofPoliticalTheoryattheUniver-
sity of Kent’s Brussels School of International Studies. Her research spans
justiceandjudgment,democratictheoryandsocialtransformationandcritique
xi