The Oxford Handbook of the Sources of International Law

1207 Pages·2018·4.944 MB·English

by  Aspremont, Jean d’, Besson, Samantha

Preface
Preface  
The Oxford Handbook of the Sources of International Law
Edited by Samantha Besson and Jean d’Aspremont
Print Publication Date: Oct 2017 Subject: Law Online Publication Date: Feb 2018
DOI: 10.1093/law/9780198745365.002.0004
Preface
(p. v)
The sources of international law have always constituted a thriving field of theoretical
and practical enquiry. This Handbook takes stock of those debates and contains fifty-two
cutting-edge chapters by fifty-six leading international lawyers and theorists. An introduc­
tion co-authored by the two editors sets the scene by identifying the origins, functions,
centrality, and limitations of the doctrines of the sources of international law, also ad­
dressing some of the main challenges with which they are confronted, as well as present­
ing the aims of the volume and the chapters that compose it.
The contributions to this volume, published here in English for the first time, address cen­
tral questions about the sources of international law. The Handbook does neither follow
the usual structure of discussions of sources of international law to date nor a source-by-
source model. On the contrary, the structure of this volume questions the previous order
and presentation of the sources of international law, and focuses on four novel perspec­
tives: the histories, theories, functions, and regimes of sources of international law. Chap­
ters in Part I (Histories) provide detailed and critical accounts of how sources of interna­
tional law have been conceived by both practitioners and scholars during the history of
international law (from the scholastic period to the contemporary anti-formalist era), in­
cluding a chapter on the history of Article 38 of the Statute of the International Court of
Justice. Chapters in Part II (Theories) explore how the main theories of international law
have addressed and understood sources of international law. Chapters in Part III
(Functions) examine the relationships between the sources of international law and the
characteristic features of the international legal order that are or should be related to in­
ternational law-making. Chapters in Part IV (Regimes) address various questions pertain­
ing to the sources of international law in specific fields of international law. The corre­
spondence or, on the contrary, lack of correspondence between the arguments made in
the different sections constitutes one of the innovative features of the Handbook.
Another characteristic of this volume lies in its ‘dialogical’ method: it contains two chap­
ters on each topic, with the author of the second chapter engaging as much as possible
Page 1 of 2
Preface
with the arguments of the author of the first chapter. Yet, each chapter may also be read
independently from the other, as a self-standing contribution to the topic. Cross-fertiliza­
tion and coherence, as well as the emphasis on discrepancies (p. vi) among the views pre­
sented in the volume have been made possible thanks to the excellent and intensive dis­
cussions that took place between authors of each pair of chapters and each section of the
book, but also across these divisions during the two workshops that were organized in
December 2014 and September 2015 in Fribourg.
We wish to thank warmly Dr Sévrine Knuchel, senior research assistant at the University
of Fribourg from 2015 to 2018, for her tremendous and unfailing editorial assistance
throughout the long process that brought us from the collection of first abstracts to the fi­
nalization of fully fledged chapters. Special thanks are also due to Dr Anne-Laurence Graf
Brugères for her assistance in the first phase of the project (2013–2014), and especially
in drafting the application to the Swiss National Science Foundation and the organization
of the first authors’ workshop. We are grateful to Ms Merel Alstein and Mrs Emma En­
dean-Mills at Oxford University Press for their support and kind forbearance during the
long, and sometimes challenging, process of putting this book together. We would also
like to thank the University of Fribourg’s Research Pool and the Swiss National Science
Foundation for providing vital financial support for the research project as a whole from
2013 to 2018, and especially for two (hopefully memorable!) authors’ workshops we held
in Fribourg. Last, but not least, our special thanks are owed to all of our contributors for
making this ambitious project such a stimulating, formative, and worthwhile experience.
Thinking about sources goes on!
Samantha Besson and Jean d’Aspremont
Fribourg and Manchester, February 2017
Page 2 of 2
Table of Cases
Table of Cases  
The Oxford Handbook of the Sources of International Law
Edited by Samantha Besson and Jean d’Aspremont
Print Publication Date: Oct 2017 Subject: Law Online Publication Date: Feb 2018
DOI: 10.1093/law/9780198745365.002.0006
Table of Cases
(p. xvii)
International Adjudicative Bodies
Court of Justice of the European Union (CJEU)
Accession by the Communities to the Convention for the Protection of Human Rights
and Fundamental Freedoms (Opinion 2/94) [1996] ECR-I 1769 1020
Accession of the European Union to the European Convention for the Protection of Hu­
man Rights and Fundamental Freedoms (Opinion 2/13) EU:C:2014:2454 558, 785, 1020
Article 300(6) EC (GATS Schedules of Specific Commitments) (Opinion 1/08) [2009]
ECR I-11129 785
Commission v Council (European Road Transport Agreement) (Case 22/70) [1971] ECR
263 1011
Commission v Ireland, Mox Plant Case (Case C-459/03) [2006] ECR I-463 556
Competence of the Community to conclude the new Lugano Convention on jurisdiction
(Opinion 1/03) [2006] ECR I-1145 784, 1011
Cornelis Kramer and others (Joined Cases, 3, 4, and 6–76) [1976] ECR 1279 1011
Costa (Flaminio) v ENEL (Case C-6/64) [1964] ECR 587 556, 557
Defrenne v Sabena (No 2) (Case 43/75) [1976] ECR 455 776
Elmeka (Joint Cases C-181/04 to 183/04) [2006] ECR I-8167 776
European Commission & the Council of the European Union v Yassin Abdullah Kadi,
(Joined Cases C-584/10 P, C-593/10 P, and C-595/10 P) (18 July 2013) 636, 808, 817,
1020
Federal Republic of Germany v Council of the European Union (C-122/95) [1998] ECR
I-973 778
France v Commission (Case C-327/91) [1994] ECR I-3641 776
Haegeman v Belgium (Case 181/73) [1974] ECR I-449 556
International Fruit Company NV and others/Produktschap voor Groenten en Fruit
(Joined Cases, 21 to 24-72) [1972] ECR 1219 994
Page 1 of 15
Table of Cases
Internationale Handelsgesellschaft v Einfuhr-und Vorratsstelle für Getreide und Futter­
mittel (Case 11/70) [1970] ECR 1125 1022
Kadi and Al Barakaat v Council (Joined Cases C-402/05 P and C-415/05 P) [2008] ECR
I-6351 777, 778, 1020
Kadi v Council and Commission (Case T-315/01) [2008] ECR-I 6351 1020
LTU v Eurocontrol (Case 29/76) [1976] ECR 1541 1013
Nold v Commission (Case 4/73) [1974] ECR 491 1022 (p. xviii)
Opinion delivered pursuant to the second subparagraph of Article 228 (1) of the EEC
Treaty—Convention No 170 of the International Labour Organization concerning safe­
ty in the use of chemicals at work (Opinion 2/91) [1993] ECR I-1061 1011
Opinion given pursuant to Article 228 (1) of the EEC Treaty—‘Draft Agreement estab­
lishing a European laying-up fund for inland waterway vessels’ (Opinion 1/76) [1977]
ECR I-741 1011
Parliament v Council and Commission (Joined Cases C-181 & C-248/9) [1993] ECR
I-3685 782
R (International Association of Independent Tanker Owners (Intertanko and Others) v
Secretary of State for Transport (Case C-308/06) [2008] ECR I-4057 778
SELEX Sistemi Integrati SpA v Commission and Eurocontrol (Case C-113/07 P) [2009]
ECR I-2207 1013
Stauder v Stadt Ulm (Case 29/69) [1969] ECR 419 1022
Stichting ‘Goed Wonen’ (Case C-376/02) [2001] ECR I-6831 776
Thomas Pringle v Government of Ireland and Others (Case C-370/12) [2013] OJ C
26/15 777
UK v Council (Case 68/86) [1988] ECR 85 776
Van Gend & Loos v Administratie der Belastingen (Case C-26/62) [1963] ECR 1 556
Yassin Abdullah Kadi and Al Barakaat International Foundation v Council of the Euro­
pean Union and Commission of the European Communities (Joined Cases C-402/05 P
and C-415/05) [2008] ECR I-6354 560, 636
Eritrea–Ethiopia Claims Commission
Prisoners of War—Ethiopia’s Claim 4, Partial Award, Decision of 1 July 2003, (2003) 26
RIAA 73 894
Prisoners of War—Eritrea’s Claim 17, Partial Award, Decision of 1 July 2003, (2003) 26
RIAA 23 894
European Court of Human Rights (ECtHR)
Al-Adsani v United Kingdom, Application No 35763/97, Judgment (Grand Chamber) (21
November 2001) 34 EHRR 273 634
Al-Dulimi and Montana Management, Inc v Switzerland, Application No 5809/08, Judg­
ment (26 November 2013) 636
Page 2 of 15
Table of Cases
Al-Saadoon and Mufdhi v United Kingdom, Application No 61498/08, Judgment (2
March 2010) 51 EHRR 9 860
Austria v Italy, Application No 788/60, Commission Decision of 11 January 1961,
(1961) 4 YB 116 874
Belilos v Switzerland, Application No 10328/83, Judgment (29 April 1988) 10 EHRR
468 848, 850
Bosphorus Hava Yollary Turizm ve Ticaret Anonim Sirketi v Ireland, Application No
45036/98, Judgment (30 June 2005) 42 EHRR 1 558 (p. xix)
Demir and Baykara v Turkey, Application No 34503/97, Judgment (Grand Chamber)
(12 November 2008) 48 EHHR 54 865
Golder v United Kingdom, Application No 4451/70, Judgment (21 February 1975) 1
EHRR 524 375
Ireland v United Kingdom, Application No 5310/71, Judgment (Plenary) (18 January
1978) 2 EHRR 25 872, 874, 876
Jones and Others v United Kingdom, Application Nos 34356/06 and 40528/06, Judg­
ment (14 January 2014) ECHR 2014 1145, 1147
Mamatkulov and Askarov v Turkey, Application Nos 46827/99 and 46951/99, Judgment
(Grand Chamber) (4 February 2005) 41 EHHR 25 847
Nada v Switzerland, Application No 10593/08, Judgment (12 September 2012) [2012]
ECHR 1691 636
Streletz, Kessler and Krenz v Germany, Application Nos 34044/96, 35532/97 and
44801/98, Judgment (Grand Chamber) (22 March 2001) 33 EHRR 31 900
Extraordinary Chambers in the Courts of Cambodia (ECCC)
Kaing Guek Eav, Appeal Judgment, Case File No 001/18-07–2007–ECCC/SC (3 Febru­
ary 2012) 896
Inter-American Court of Human Rights (IACtHR)
Almonacid-Arellano et al. v Chile (Preliminary Objections, Merits, Reparations, and
Costs) IACtHR Series C No 154 (26 September 2006) 923
Barrios Altos v Peru (Merits) IACtHR Series C No 75 (14 March 2001) 923
Juridical Condition and Human Rights of the Child (Advisory Opinion OC–17/2002) IAC­
tHR Series A No 17 (28 August 2002) 753
International Centre for the Settlement of Investment Disputes
(ICSID)
Abaclat and Others v The Argentine Republic, ICSID Case No ARB/07/5, Decision on
Jurisdiction and Admissibility (4 August 2011) 405, 406
AES Summit Generation Ltd & AES-Tisza Erömü FT v Hungary, ICSID Case No ARB/
07/22, Award (23 September 2010) 557
Page 3 of 15
Table of Cases
AIG Capital Partners, Inc and CJSC Tema Real Estate Company v Republic of Kaza­
khstan, ICSID Case No ARB/01/6, Award (7 October 2003) 1077
Alpha Projektholding GmbH v Ukraine, ICSID Case No ARB/07/16, Award (8 November
2010) 1074 (p. xx)
Ambiente Ufficio SpA and Others v Argentine Republic, ICSID Case No ARB/09/9, De­
cision on Jurisdiction and Admissibility (8 February 2013) 1112
Asian Agricultural Products LTD (AAPL) v Republic of Sri Lanka, ICSID Case No ARB/
87/3, Final Award (27 June 1990) 1077, 1090
Azurix Corp v Argentina, ICSID Case No ARB/01/12, Award (14 July 2006) 1082
Bureau Veritas, Inspection, Valuation, Assessment and Control, BIVAC BV v Paraguay,
ICSID Case No ARB/07/9, Further Decision on Objections to Jurisdiction (9 October
2012) 1102
CMS Gas Transmission Co. v Republic of Argentina, ICSID Case No ARB/01/08, Annul­
ment Decision (25 September 2007) 1084
CMS Gas Transmission Co. v Republic of Argentina, ICSID Case No ARB/01/8, Award
(12 May 2005) 1075, 1082
Continental Casualty Company v The Argentine Republic, ICSID Case No ARB/03/9,
Award (5 September 2008) 1108
Daimler Financial Services AG v Argentine Republic, ICSID Case No ARB/05/1, Award
(22 August 2012) 1105
Electrabel SA v Hungary, ICSID Case No ARB/07/19, Decision on Jurisdiction, Applica­
ble Law and Liability (30 November 2012) 557
El Paso Energy International Company v Argentine Republic, ICSID Case No ARB/
03/15, Award (31 October 2011) 1087
Enron and Ponderosa Assets v Argentina, ICSID Case No ARB/01/3, Decision on Annul­
ment (30 July 2010) 1084
Enron Creditors Recovery Corporation (formerly Enron Corporation) and Ponderosa
Assets, LP v Argentine Republic, ICSID Case No ARB/01/3, Award (22 May 2007) 1075,
1082
Fedax NV v The Republic of Venezuela, ICSID Case No ARB/96/3, Award (9 March
1998) 1077
Feldman (Marvin) v Mexico, ICSID Case No ARB (AF)/99/1 (NAFTA), Award (16 De­
cember 2002) 1081, 1083, 1085, 1087
Gold Reserve Inc v Bolivarian Republic of Venezuela, ICSID Case No ARB(AF)/09/1,
Award (22 September 2014) 1108
Joseph Charles Lemire v Ukraine, ICSID Case No ARB/06/18, Decision on Jurisdiction
and Liability (14 January 2010) 1107
LG&E Energy Corp, LG&E Capital Corp and LG&E International Inc v Argentine Re­
public, ICSID Case No ARB/02/1, Decision on Liability (3 October 2006) 1075, 1082,
1085, 1090
Maffezini v Kingdom of Spain, ICSID Case No ARB/97/7, Decision on Jurisdiction (25
January 2000) 1085
Mobil Corporation, Venezuela Holdings, BV and Others v Bolivarian Republic of
Venezuela, ICSID Case No ARB/07/27, Decision on Jurisdiction (10 June 2010) 1108
Page 4 of 15
Table of Cases
Mondev Int’l Ltd v United States of America, ICSID Case No ARB (AF)/99/2, Award (11
October 2002) 1106, 1107
Noble Ventures, Inc v Romania, ICSID Case No ARB/01/11, Award (12 October 2005)
1107
Pac Rim Cayman LLC v Republic of El Salvador, ICSID Case No ARB/09/12, Decision
on the Respondent’s Jurisdictional Objections (1 June 2012) 1102 (p. xxi)
Perenco Ecuador Limited v Republic of Ecuador and Empresa Estatal Petróleos del
Ecuador, ICSID Case No ARB/08/6, Decision on the Remaining Issues of Jurisdiction
and on Liability (12 September 2014) 1077
Plama Consortium Limited v Republic of Bulgaria, ICSID Case No ARB/03/02, Award
(27 August 2008) 1107
Quiborax SA, Non Metallic Minerals SA and Allan Fosk Kaplún v Plurinational State of
Bolivia, ICSID Case No ARB/06/2, Award (16 September 2015) 1105
Saipem SpA v People’s Republic of Bangladesh, ICSID Case No ARB/05/07, Decision on
Jurisdiction and Provisional Measures (21 March 2007) 1104
SAUR International SA v Argentine Republic, ICSID Case No ARB/04/4, Decision on Ju­
risdiction and Liability (6 June 2012) 1088
Sempra Energy v Argentina, ICSID Case No ARB/02/16, Decision on Annulment (29
June 2010) 1084
Técnicas Medioambientales Tecmed SA v Mexico, ICSID Case No ARB(AF)/00/2, Award
(29 May 2003) 1085, 1107
TECO Guatemala Holdings, LLC v Republic of Guatemala, ICSID Case No ARB/10/23,
Award (19 December 2013) 1088
Tokios Tokelés v Ukraine, ICSID Case No ARB/02/18, Award (26 July 2007) 1075
Tokios Tokelės v Ukraine, ICSID Case No ARB/02/18, Decision on Jurisdiction (29 April
2004) 1102
Total SA v Argentine Republic, ICSID Case No ARB/04/01, Decision on Liability (27 De­
cember 2010) 1087, 1108
Tza Yap Shum v Republic of Peru, ICSID Case No ARB/07/6, Award (7 July 2011) 1087
Waste Management, Inc v United Mexican States, ICSID Case No ARB(AF)/00/3 (NAF­
TA), Award (30 April 2004) 1106
Wena Hotels LTD v Arab Republic of Egypt, ICSID Case No ARB/98/4, Annulment Pro­
ceeding (5 February 2002) 1074
International Court of Justice (ICJ)
Accordance with International Law of the Unilateral Declaration of Independence in
Respect of Kosovo (Advisory Opinion) [2010] ICJ Rep 403 194, 374, 546, 547, 549, 556
Aegean Sea Continental Shelf (Greece v Turkey) (Judgment) [1978] ICJ Rep 3 431, 908,
909
Ahmadou Sadio Diallo (Republic of Guinea v Democratic Republic of the Congo)
(Preliminary Objections) (Judgment) [2007] ICJ Rep 582 184
Ahmadou Sadio Diallo (Republic of Guinea v Democratic Republic of the Congo)
(Merits) [2010] ICJ Rep 639 866, 1099
Page 5 of 15
Table of Cases
Appeal Relating to the Jurisdiction of the ICAO Council (India v Pakistan) (Judgment)
[1972] ICJ Rep 46 1141
Application of the Convention on the Prevention and Punishment of the Crime of Geno­
cide (Bosnia and Herzegovina v Serbia and Montenegro) (Judgment) [2007] ICJ Rep 43
634, 990
Application of the Convention on Prevention and Punishment of the Crime of Genocide
(Bosnia and Herzegovina v Yugoslavia) [1993] ICJ Rep 3 552 (p. xxii)
Application of the Interim Accord of 13 September 1995 (The former Yugoslav Repub­
lic of Macedonia v Greece) (Judgment) [2011] ICJ Rep 644 873
Application of the International Convention on the Elimination of All Forms of Racial
Discrimination (Georgia v Russian Federation) (Application instituting proceedings), 12
August 2008 [2008] ICJ General List No 140 879
Application of the International Convention on the Elimination of All Forms of Racial
Discrimination (Georgia v Russian Federation) (Provisional Measures) [2008] ICJ Rep
353 879
Armed Activities on the Territory of the Congo (New Application: 2002) (Democratic
Republic of the Congo v Rwanda) (Jurisdiction and Admissibility) [2006] ICJ Rep 6 634,
852
Arrest Warrant of 11 April 2000 (Democratic Republic of the Congo v Belgium) (Mer­
its) [2002] ICJ Rep 3 764, 1127, 1145, 1151
Asylum Case (Columbia v Peru) (Judgment) [1950] ICJ Rep 266 894
Barcelona Traction, Light and Power Company Limited (Belgium v Spain) (Judgment)
[1970] ICJ Rep 3 226, 852, 854, 867
Case Concerning Right of Passage over Indian Territory (Portugal v India) (Preliminary
Objections) [1957] ICJ Rep 125 457
Case Concerning United States Diplomatic and Consular Staff in Tehran (United States
v Iran) (Judgment) [1980] ICJ Rep 3 854
Certain Activities carried out by Nicaragua in the Border Area (Costa Rica v
Nicaragua) and Construction of a Road in Costa Rica along the San Juan River
(Nicaragua v Costa Rica) (Judgment) [2015] ICJ Rep 665 972
Certain Expenses of the United Nations (Article 17, paragraph 2, of the Charter)
(Advisory Opinion) [1962] ICJ Rep 151 194, 1011
Certain Phosphate Lands in Nauru (Nauru v Australia) (Preliminary Objections) [1992]
ICJ Rep 240 1141
Continental Shelf (Libyan Arab Jamahirya v Malta) (Judgment) [1985] ICJ Rep 13 184,
715
Corfu Channel Case (United Kingdom v Albania) (Merits) [1949] ICJ Rep 4 192, 274,
853, 971, 972
Delimitation of the Marine Boundary in the Gulf of Maine Area (Canada v United
States of America) (Judgment) [1984] ICJ Rep 246 185
Dispute Regarding Navigational and Related Rights (Costa Rica v Nicaragua)
(Judgment) [2009] ICJ Rep 213 408, 409
Effect of Awards of Compensation Made by the United Nations Administrative Tribunal
(Advisory Opinion) [1954] ICJ Rep 47 234, 1011
Page 6 of 15
Table of Cases
Elettronica Sicula SpA (ELSI) (United States v Italy) (Judgment) [1989] ICJ Rep 15
1099
Fisheries Case (United Kingdom v Norway) (Judgment) [1951] ICJ Rep 116 297, 864
Frontier Dispute (Burkina Faso v Mali) (Judgment) [1984] ICJ Rep 554 197
Gabčíkovo-Nagymaros Project (Hungary v Slovakia) (Judgment) [1997] ICJ Rep 7 646,
952, 954, 957, 971, 972, 975, 980
International Status of South West Africa (Advisory Opinion) [1950] ICJ Rep 128 1141
Interpretation of the Agreement of 25 March 1951 between the WHO and Egypt
(Advisory Opinion) [1980] ICJ Rep 73 839, 989, 993, 997, 1018, 1019 (p. xxiii)
Jurisdictional Immunities of the State (Germany v Italy: Greece intervening)
(Judgment) [2012] ICJ Rep 99 184, 185, 578, 619, 634, 898, 1127, 1145
Kasikili/Sedudu Island (Botswana v Namibia) (Judgment) [1999] ICJ Rep 1045 375
LaGrand (Germany v United States of America) (Provisional Measures) Orders of 3
March 1999 [1999] ICJ Rep 9 375, 877
Land and Maritime Boundary between Cameroon and Nigeria (Cameroon v Nigeria:
Equatorial Guinea intervening) (Judgment) [2002] ICJ Rep 303 555
Legal Consequences for States of the Continued Presence of South Africa in Namibia
(South West Africa) Notwithstanding Security Council Resolution 276 (1970) (Advisory
Opinion) [1971] ICJ Rep 16 194, 195, 637, 1019
Legal Consequence of the Construction of Wall in the Occupied Palestinian Territory
(Advisory Opinion) [2004] ICJ Rep 136 185, 375, 802, 853, 1089
Legality of the Threat of the Use of Nuclear Weapons (Advisory Opinion) [1996] ICJ
Rep 226 185, 427, 757, 795, 897, 920, 954, 971
Maritime Delimitation and Territorial Questions between Qatar and Bahrain (Qatar v
Bahrain) (Jurisdiction and Admissibility) [1994] ICJ Rep 112 431, 908
Military and Paramilitary Activities in and against Nicaragua (Nicaragua v United
States of America) (Jurisdiction and Admissibility) [1984] ICJ Rep 392 553
Military and Paramilitary Activities in and against Nicaragua (Nicaragua v United
States of America) (Merits) [1986] ICJ Rep 14 184–6, 226, 239, 351, 380, 627, 644, 648,
716, 802, 821, 853, 859, 866, 924, 1088
Minquiers and Ecrehos Case (France v UK) (Judgment) [1953] ICJ Rep 47 296
North Sea Continental Shelf (Federal Republic of Germany v Denmark; Federal Repub­
lic of Germany v Netherlands) (Judgment) [1969] ICJ Rep 3 177, 178, 184, 185, 199,
226, 291, 292, 330, 376, 647, 653, 821, 867, 945, 991, 1152
Nuclear Tests (Australia v France) (Judgment) [1974] ICJ Rep 253 195, 381, 427, 548,
817
Nuclear Tests (Australia v New Zealand) (Judgment) [1974] ICJ Rep 457 195, 817
Oil Platforms (Islamic Republic of Iran v United States) (Judgment) [2003] ICJ Rep 161
1051, 1062
Passage Through the Great Belt (Denmark v Finland), Application Instituting Proceed­
ings Filed in the Registry of the Court (17 May 1991) (1992) 31 ILM 1 817
Pulp Mills on the River Uruguay (Argentina v Uruguay) (Judgment) [2010] ICJ Rep 14
845, 954, 971, 972, 974, 976, 1077
Page 7 of 15
Table of Cases
Questions of Interpretation and Application of the 1971 Montreal Convention arising
from the Aerial Incident at Lockerbie (Libyan Arab Jamahiriya v United States of Amer­
ica) (Request for the indication of Provisional Measures) [1992] ICJ Rep 114 635
Questions relating to the Obligation to Prosecute or Extradite (Belgium v Senegal)
(Judgment) [2012] ICJ Rep 422 545, 553, 880, 881
Reparation for Injuries Suffered in the Service of the United Nations (Advisory Opin­
ion) [1949] ICJ Rep 174 434, 752, 757, 995, 1010, 1021
Reservations to the Convention on the Prevention and Punishment of Genocide
(Advisory Opinion) [1951] ICJ Rep 15 192, 848, 872
South-West Africa Cases (Ethiopia v Liberia; Liberia v South Africa) (Judgment) [1962]
ICJ Rep 319 575 (p. xxiv)
South-West Africa Cases (Ethiopia v South Africa; Liberia v South Africa) (Judgment,
Second Phase) [1966] ICJ Rep 6 567, 575, 632, 853, 873
Sovereignty over Pulau Ligitan and Pulau Sipadan (Indonesia v Malesia) (Judgment)
[2002] ICJ Rep 625 295
Territorial Dispute (Libyan Arab Jamahiriya v Chad) (Judgment) [1994] ICJ Rep 6 375,
547
Whaling in the Antarctic (Australia v Japan: New Zealand intervening) (Judgment)
[2014] ICJ Rep 226 942, 954
International Criminal Court (ICC)
Prosecutor v Lubanga Dyilo (Decision on the Confirmation of the Charges) ICC–01/04–
01/06 (29 January 2007) 905
International Criminal Tribunal for Rwanda (ICTR)
Prosecutor v Akayesu (Judgment) ICTR–96–4–T (2 September 1998) 189
Prosecutor v Kanyabashi (Appeals Judgment) ICTR–96–15–A (3 June 1999) 901
International Criminal Tribunal for the Former Yugoslavia (ICTY)
Prosecutor v Blaškić (Trial Chamber Judgment) ICTY–95–14–T (3 March 2000) 909
Prosecutor v Delalič et al. (Appeals Judgment) ICTY–96–21–A (26 February 2001) 902,
903
Prosecutor v Dragoljub Kunarac et al. (Appeals Judgment) ICTY–96–23 & IT–96–23/1–A
(12 June 2002) 184
Prosecutor v Dragoljub Kunarac et al. (Judgment) ICTY–IT–96–23–T & IT–96–23/1-T (22
February 2001) 190
Prosecutor v Drazen Erdemovic (Sentencing Judgment) ICTY–IT–96–22–T (29 Novem­
ber 1996) 922
Prosecutor v Furundžija (Trial Chamber Judgment) ICTY–95–17/1–T (10 December
1998) 894, 895, 906
Page 8 of 15