Table Of ContentTHE OXFORD HANDBOOK OF
T E R RO R I S M
The Oxford Handbook of
TERRORISM
Edited by
ERICA CHENOWETH,
RICHARD ENGLISH,
ANDREAS GOFAS,
and
STATHIS N. KALYVAS
1
1
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Acknowledgments
The first iteration of this handbook’s outline was drafted during the course of the 2014
Olympia Summer Academy. As is often the case with projects that involve over 60
authors, this book has been long in the making. During the process we have incurred a
number of debts that we would like to acknowledge publicly.
From the outset, we made a conscious effort to be inclusive—not only by bringing
together established and upcoming scholars but also by transcending various divides
within the field (e.g. between pre- and post-9/11 engagement in terrorism research). We
gratefully acknowledge the contributions of the authors whose commitment to the proj-
ect made it possible.
Dominic Byatt at Oxford University Press has been an unfailing source of support
from the early stages, while Olivia Wells provided detailed feedback that guided us to
submission.
Erica Chenoweth would like to thank students, staff, and faculty at Harvard Kennedy
School, the University of Denver, and the National Consortium for the Study of
Terrorism and Responses to Terrorism for many stimulating discussions about terror-
ism and counterterrorism.
Richard English thanks colleagues and students at Queen’s University Belfast and at
the University of St Andrews, for their insights and discussions regarding terrorism and
the study of terrorist violence.
Andreas Gofas would like to thank the Robert Schuman Centre for Advanced Studies
at the European University Institute in Florence for providing a most hospitable and
intellectually stimulating environment during his 2016–17 sabbatical. He, along with
Stathis N. Kalyvas, would like to thank the Greek Diaspora Fellowship Program—
funded by a grant from the Stavros Niarchos Foundation (SNF) to the Institute of
International Education (IIE), which in collaboration with the Fulbright Foundation in
Greece brought him to Greece during the summer of 2017 and allowed him to work on
the handbook.
Erica Chenoweth, Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA
Richard English, Belfast, Northern Ireland, UK
Andreas Gofas, Athens, Greece
Stathis N. Kalyvas, Oxford, England, UK
Contents
List of Figures xiii
List of Tables xv
List of Contributors xvii
1. The Study of Terrorism: Achievements and Challenges Ahead 1
Erica Chenoweth and Andreas Gofas
PART I CONCEPTS AND TYPOLOGIES
2. The Landscape of Political Violence 11
Stathis N. Kalyvas
3. Defining Terrorism: A Conceptual Minefield 34
Ben Saul
4. The Evolution of Terrorism Event Databases 50
Gary LaFree
5. The Moral Dimensions of Terrorism 69
Virginia Held
PART II THE HISTORY OF TERRORIST
VIOLENCE
6. The Pre-History of Terrorism 87
Warren C. Brown
7. European Political Violence During the Long Nineteenth Century 101
Martin A. Miller
8. The Long Twentieth Century 115
John Bew, Alexander Meleagrou-Hitchens, and
Martyn Frampton
viii contents
PART III APPROACHES AND METHODS
9. Organizational and Institutional Approaches: Social Movement
Studies Perspectives on Political Violence 133
Lorenzo Bosi, Donatella della Porta, and Stefan Malthaner
10. Formal Approaches to the Study of Terrorism 148
Jacob N. Shapiro
11. Sociological and Criminological Explanations of Terrorism 163
Daren G. Fisher and Laura Dugan
12. Cultural and Anthropological Approaches to the Study of
Terrorism 177
Siniša Malešević
13. Historical Approaches to Terrorism 194
Brenda J. Lutz
14. Psychological Approaches to the Study of Terrorism 207
John G. Horgan
15. Critical Approaches to the Study of Terrorism 224
Charlotte Heath-Kelly
16. Geographical Approaches in the Study of Terrorism 238
Megan M. Farrell, Michael G. Findley, and Joseph K. Young
PART IV CAUSES AND MOTIVATIONS
17. The Causes of Terrorism 253
Jeff Goodwin
18. Nationalism and Terrorism 268
Richard English
19. Religion and Terrorism 283
Jeffrey Haynes
20. Ideology and Terrorism 298
Alia Brahimi
21. Single-Issue Terrorism 316
Gary Ackerman and Anastasia Kouloganes
contents ix
PART V TERRORISM, POLITICAL VIOLENCE,
AND COLLECTIVE ACTION
22. State Terrorism 331
Tim Wilson
23. Terrorism, Civil War, and Insurgency 348
Jessica A. Stanton
24. The Crime–Terror Nexus and its Fallacies 366
Vanda Felbab-Brown
PART VI ACTORS, STRATEGIES,
AND MODUS OPERANDI
25. Terrorist Organizational Dynamics 385
Brian J. Phillips
26. Terrorist Technological Innovation 401
Evan Perkoski
27. Women and Terrorism 414
Caron E. Gentry
28. Suicide Terrorism 429
Rashmi Singh
29. The Strategic Model of Terrorism Revisited 445
Max Abrahms
PART VII ISSUES AND PEDAGOGICAL
CHALLENGES
30. The Rise and Fall of Terrorism 461
Susan Fahey and Erin Miller
31. Financing Terrorism 478
Harold A. Trinkunas
32. Terrorism and State Sponsorship in World Politics 494
David B. Carter and Saurabh Pant
