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THE OLD FRENCH CHRONIQUE DE MORZE:
HISTORIOGRAPHIC-ROMANCE NARRATIVE, THE GREEK CONTEXT,
AND COURTOISIE
Volume One
Tina Lynn Rodrigues
A DISSERTATION
PRESENTED TO THE FACULTY
OF PRINCETON UNIVERSITY
IN CANDIDACY FOR THE DEGREE
OF DOCTOR OF PHILOSOPHY
RECOMMENDED FOR ACCEPTANCE
BY THE DEPARTMENT OF
ROMANCE LANGUAGES AND LITERATURES
June 1996
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UMI Number: 9627414
Copyright 1996 by
Rodrigues, Tina Lynn
All rights reserved.
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© Copyright by Tina Lynn Rodrigues, 1996. All rights reserved.
I
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ABSTRACT
The Old French Chronique de Moree:
Historiographic-Romance Narrative, the Greek Context,
and Courtoisie
I Advisor: Professor Karl D. Uitti
1
The Fall of Constantinople to the knights of the Fourth Crusade in
j
| 1204 would lead to the establishment of Frankish states in the former
i Byzantine Empire. A unique crusader state was the Villehardouin
| principality in the Morea-the Greek Peloponnese—where, as the
| Chronicles of Morea testify, a rare degree of harmony and cooperation
i existed between the French and the native Greek inhabitants.
I
| This dissertation studies the Old French Chronique de Moree as a
; fourteenth-century work of vernacular historiography which puts
romance narrative techniques at the service of the truth of the
Villehardouin Morea. The first section gives the historical background of
the Crusading enterprise and the relationship between Byzantium and
Western Europe before describing the events of the Fourth Crusade and
the subsequent establishment of the crusaders in the Peloponnese. The
second section discusses in detail the corpus of the Chronicles of Morea (a
total of eight manuscripts in French, Greek, Italian and Aragonese), the
question of the lost original and why I believe that it was composed in Old
French, the Greek Xpovixov rod Mopicdq and the relationship between the
Greeks and the French in the space of the Morea. The third section traces
the associations of courtoisie in vernacular Old French writing and studies
its depiction in the Chronique de Moree. The final section discusses the
links between romance-type narrative and historiography before moving
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to a detailed analysis of the use of romance techniques in the Chronique de
j Moree. In the conclusion I attempt to relate the Morea as it is depicted in
I
| the Old French Chronique de Moree—and the rest of the corpus—to certain
i
other literary works and to the history of the Morea in later centuries. The
dissertation itself is followed.by a Book Style Index of the Old French
Chronique de Moree based on Jean Longnon's edition of the text.
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ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS
My gratitude to my advisor, Professor Karl D. Uitti is immeasurable.
His example as a scholar and teacher has been a constant source of
f
inspiration; his patient guidance, encouragement and support have made
i
this dissertation possible. I would also like to thank Professor Francois
; Rigolot for his close reading, of my work and for his very helpful
comments.
! I feel privileged to have done my graduate work in the Department
| of Romance Languages and Literatures at Princeton. I am grateful to the
| professors and colleagues who have made the last five years such an
| enriching experience.
| I was fortunate to spend a year at the llcole Normale Sup£rieure in
| Paris on a fellowship made possible by a grant from the late Alfred Foulet. I
would like to thank Professor Christiane Marchello-Nizia (ENS: Fontenay-
St. Cloud) for her guidance and many kindnesses, and Professor Jean
Dufournet and Professor Bernard Guen£e (Sorbonne) for their interest in
my work and their suggestions.
To Dr. Dimitri Gondicas of the Program in Hellenic Studies, I am
immensely grateful. His encouragement, his interest in my work, and his
guidance over the years have been invaluable. My study of Greek and visit
to the Peloponnese were made possible by grants from the Seeger and Hyde
Foundations, for which I am also deeply grateful.
For enabling me to establish a Book Style Index of Longnon's edition
of the Chronique de Moree, I am grateful to Professor Marchello-Nizia
who made the scanned version of the work available to me, and to Dr.
Peter Batke for his patience and help in generating the Index.
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To my friend Janne Scheie, I owe infinitely more than just the
beautiful maps that grace the beginning of this dissertation. Her friendship
|
has been a pillar of strength for me and I am deeply indebted to her. A big
!
! thank-you also to my fellow-medievalist Daniel Solovay, whose
| companionship over the years has meant a lot to me.
j To my family, I owe more than words can express. To my parents—
| without whose encouragement I would never have applied to Princeton—
and whose love and faith have made all this possible, my gratitude is
I boundless. I am grateful also to Stephen and Philip for being the brothers I
!
| never had. Finally, to my husband Terry, whose encouragement and
j support have helped make it a reality, I dedicate this dissertation.
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To Terry
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