The Normal and the Pathological

327 Pages·1991·1.86 MB·English

by  Georges Canguilhem

The Normal
and the Pathological
TranslabtyeC da rolRy.nF awcett
inc ollaborwaittiRhoo nb erSt.C ohen
The Normal
and the Pathological
Georges Canguilhem
witahn i ntrodubcyt ion
MicheFlo ucatu l
ZONE BOOKS • NEW YORK
1991
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FiPraspte Erdbiatciko n
FouPrrtihn1 9t9i8n B
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Nop arotft hbioso k bmera eyp rodsutcoeridena,d
retrievaolrt rsaynsstmieimnat, ntf yero dmo rb y
anmye anisn'c,l uedliencgt mreocnhiacn,pi hcoatlo,­
copyimnigc,r ofilrmeicnogr,od rio ntgh,e rwise
(excfeoptrth acto pypienrgm ibtySt eecdt 1io0n7s
an1d80 o ft hUe. .SC opyrLiagwah nted x cebpyt
reviefwoterhr pesu blic press) without written
permifsrsoitmoh Pneu blisher.
Origipnuabllliyis n1h 9ead6s L6 en oremltae l
patho©l 1o9Bbi6yPq6 ru eesU sneisv ersdiet aires
FranOcrei.g ipnuabllliyis nth heEedn glliasnhg uage
an©d 1 9b7yD8 .R eidPeulb liCsohmipna,gn y
DordreHcohltl,a nd.
Prinitnte hdUe n itSetda otfAe mse rica
DistribbyTu hteMe IdTP ress,
CambriMdagses,a chaunsLdeo tntdsEo,nn g,l and
LibroafCr oyn grCeastsai lnogg-ina-tPiuDobanlt iac
Canguilhem1, 9G0e4or-ges,
Then ormaanltd h pea thological.
TranslaotfLi:eon nor meatll ep athologique.
Reprint. OrigiOnnta hlnelo yr mpaulb lished:
antdh pea tholDoogridcraelHc.oh ltl,aB nods;t on:
D.R eid©e 1l9, 78.
Inclbuidbeglsri aopahniiden sd ex.
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Contents
InotdrucbtMyi iocFnho euulcl a7t
Fowroerd
25
SECTIOONNE ESSAOYN S OMEP ROBLECMOSN CERNITNHGE
NORMAALN DT HEP ATHOLOGICAL·
Prfeatctoeh S ee cEodnidt ion
29
Indturcotion
33
PaOrnte I tsh Pea thoSltoaMgteierca eaQ lluy a ntitative
Modificoatfth Nieoo rnm al State?
Inotdructttohi Poeorb nl em
39
Il AugCuosmtaten"e dB rouPrscisinapil4s7e 's"
IIIC laBuedrnea rd andP aoEtlxhop6ge5y ri mental
IV Teh ConocRfee pLnteeihrie oc 9n1s
V ImcpaltioiafoT ehnosr 1y03
PaTrwot DoS cniceoetfsh e Naonrtdmh ael
PathoElxoigsitc?a l
Inotdructttohi Poerbn ol e1m15
Il AC ritEixcaamloi nonC fae atriiCtno nc1e2p5 ts
IIIN ormA vaenrd1a5 1g e
11111111111111111 11
BOGAZic;i
UNivERSiTESi
KUTUPHANESi
Ann1A�
IV DisCeuaHrseaeel,,t 1h81
V PhysainoPdlaoo tlghoy2g 0y3
Conclusion
227
SECTITOwNo NEWR EFLECTIOONNT SH EN ORMAL AND
THEP ATHOLOGICAL
TwenYteyLa arrts..e .
233
FrotmhS eo ctitoeah V li tal
237
11O nO granNiocrim Mnsa n2 57
IIIA N eCwo nicPnea pottlh oEgryr:2o7 r5
Epiuleo g
289
Notes
291
GlosoMsfeda iryTc earlm s
301
Bibalpihoigers
307
IndoNefax m es
321
Introduction
by
Michel Foucault
Everkynoontwehs ia nFt r atnhceear rfeee lwo gibcuimtaa nnsy
histoorfsi ecanin;cas en d tthha"etp i hlions oepsahtbilciaslh ­
men"t w-hettheeargc o hrri enasrecohr ie-ntthyeeh da ve
occuapc ioends ipdeorsaiBbtulidteoow n ek. n opwr ectihsee ly
importthaiantntch ,cee o uorfts heep safesti tef oertn w enty years,
upt ot hvee froryn toifet rheses tablai" swhomrlekint"kth e,a t
ofG eorCgaensg ucialhnha evhmea f dro t hovseepr eyo ple who
wersee pafrroamto,ecr d h alltehenesg teadb,l YisesI,k h nmoewn,t ?
thehraebv ee neoni tshieearpt seyrcsh:o Maanraxlliyissnmig,su ,i s­
tiectsh,lno ogBytul. e utsn oftro gtehtfi castw hidcehp eansd s,
yowui olnlt ,hs eo cgiyoo fFl roeinncthe lelnevcitruotanhlme e nts,
fnuctioofon uiurnn gi vienrsstiitotyrou utsriy osontfcse u ml tural
valiuanel sl:p otlhioetrs i cciaedlni tsicfiuocsf ts hiesostners a nge
sixyteyap rasst thr,eo olfet h"ep hilo-sIos pihmeprlsy" mean
thowsheoh arde cetihveueindri vetrrsaiiitnnpyi h nigl osophy
depar-thma.esnb teisem np orptearnhttaoi:pom s p orfottrah net
likoifcn egr pteaoipAnn lded,.i reocrit nldyi, ra eloclrat llmyost
altlh epshei leorshsoa pvhheat do" ocmteo t erwmist thh"e
teacahnibdno goo �fGs e orCgaensg uilhem.
From apt ahriastd,ho mixas:nw ,h osei aswu osrtiken rtee,n ­
tionaancldal rye lfiumltiloatyp e adr ticuiltnah rhe i dsotmoariyn
7
THE NORMAL AND THE PATHOLOGICAL
ofs ci,ew nhcieicnah n cya se nodptoa efssros sap aeccrut la
dischiapsslo imneefhu,oon whd i mselfi dnip srceussesnito ns where
heh imsteolocfka n reev teofir g uret.a akBweua Ctya nguilhem
anydo wui nloll o nugnedre rmsutcaahbn odAu ltt husser, Althus­
serainsadmw hosleer oifde iss cuwshsiihcoahnvt esa kpelna ce
amoFnrge Mnacrihxs ;yt oswui nloll o nggreawrsh pai sts p ecific
tos ociosluocgBhio suatrssCd aisePtuae,s ls,ae nrwdsh oamnta rks
thems tsroow nigtlshyoi cni yoolwuoi gmlyil;as nse ntaisrpee ct
oft hteh eorweotrdikoc nbaeypl s ychopaanratliybcsytut hlsea, r ly
floloowfeL rascF aunr.ti htneh re, deinstciourfsie sd iewoahnsi c h
precoerfdl oeldo twhemedo vemoef'n 6ti8 t,e aitssofiy n d the
plaocfte h owsheof o,rm n eoarrf r oamf harab,de etnr abinye d
Canguilhem.
Withiogunto rcilnega wvthahigedce uhsr, ti hnegs yee alrass t
aftteheren odft hwea wre,r aeb tlooe p pMoasrex ainsndto sn ­
MarsxtFisr,e udainnadon Fnser- udnissa,ep icaliinass ntigsel
diScainpdl ipnhei alcoasdoaepnmhnideoc rnss- ,a ctahdeeomriicsst,s
anpdo litiidtco ieasn tssom,e e te hma tc ooufinlnedad n other
divildiwinhneig cc uhtt hsr oaultglhh eo spep osIiittts ih loein nse.
that saep phairlaootsfeeo xspp heyro ifse ennacsneoed,fs ubject
anadp hiloosfko npohwylo efrd agtei,oa nnadcl oiontfcy Oe np t.
'
thoen hea nodn,e neittshw oaoftr kS arMterrel eaanud- Ponty;
antdh aenno tihtseh orafC t a vaBialclheaesnl,Cda a rndg uilhem.
Inot her wweao rrdede saw,li itngh twoa cmcoodtradoli intgi es
whipchhe nomewnatosal kouegpiny Fn r anwcheeq,nu it-e late
arou13n90d-i fitn ablelgtyaob n ei ,nf o t kanltoe wranes,ct o g­
nized. CopnhtielmoipsnFoo rrpaahbnryecy ge ia ntn h oyseea rs.
Thlee ctountr reasn scpehnedneonmgteyadn leo lliiovn1e2 9r9e d
byH uss(etrrla nbsyGl aabtrePideef irelaf lneEd m manLueevli nas
aMse tdaitciaosrenitnsenP easrC,io sl1,i3 9n1a,;n bd yD orCiaoinr ns
asC artMeesiditinaaonstT ,h e uHeNa,ig jfh,1o6 9f0m)a rked the
momepnhte:n omgeyen notleForreadtn hcreo tuhgtahet xB tu.t
8
INTRODUCTION
iatl lowtewdro e oafd inignts h:de i orneoecfa,tp ihoinl osophy
oft hseu b-jeanctdth isS awraatsrr teoi'ntcs hl "eeT rsacnendance
deL 'E(go13"95a )n d awnhoitwchehenb rta ctkot hfeuo nding
prinocfHi pulsestseh rolu'gsh ptff:r o mtahlaoinsisdenm t uition­
istmh,o osfte h teh eoofrs yc ieannicdne1 3 ,98 C avlaeitslw'os
theosnte hsae x iaiotmcmet hdao nd fotrhmea ofts ietothny e .o r
Whatetvhmeearyhy a bvee eanft sehrir fatmsi,fi cianttieornasc,­
tioenvsre,an p procthheetmswefeonro tmossft, h ouignh tF rance
hacvoen sttiwtpouh tieldo sdoiprheiwcchtaiilcoh nr seh maavien ed
profohuentdeelnryeo ogus.
Ont hseu rftahsceee c oofnt dh ehsarese maaiotnn ectdeh e
mostth eortehtmeio csbatel n,ts poenc ulaatniadvl es ot atshkes
mosatc adeAmnyidec it.wt a tsh firosmw hipclha tyhemedo st
imporrtoialtnneh t se i xwthieean"s c,r ibseigasac "nr ,ic soins­
cernnioontng tl hyUe n ivebruastli tsthoysea t taunsrd o olfe
knowlWeedm guesa.tso ku rswehlyv easms u ocdohefr eflection,
flolowiitonswg ln o gict,u orcunot tuob l ed p sroo fotuineddl y
to ptrhees ent.
Undoubotneoedf l pytr hien rceiapssaotlne fsmr sot mih st:h e
histosrcyi eaonvfaci ietl sosefo l nfe t hotefh emwehsiw cahs
itnrdoucaeldm sousrrte ptiitnoilt oauetsielg yh tceetenunrtyh
philofsotorhpfi ehr ys:t r attiitmoheno aulg phutit nw aqsu estion
nootn altsyo i tnsa turfueon,d aiitttpissoo wne,r istr sia gnhdt s,
but aastl ois thosi satnoirdtgy se ograastp oih tyis;m mediate
paasntid tp sr esenatts o ir tetsai lamineitd tpy sl; a Tcheii.tss h e
queswthiiMocenhn delasntsdho ehnnt rKtiaoaen ndts iwn1e8 r74
in Bteihrsnelcie Mh onaiftts":cW hairssA tu fkHnigr?(u"Wh aits
EnlimgehnttTe?hn)e.s e tiwnoa utgeaux" rtpasht ieldo sophical
journwahliiacslhmow,"ni gut nhi vteerasciwhtaiyosn n get, hoef
majfororm osf t hien stiitmuptliaonnotafpal ht iiloyoin sn o ph
9
THE NORMAL AND THE PATHOLOGICAL
thnei netceeennt(tuahrwn yedk nohwo fwre tiistlo em etimes
waassi, n t h1e48 0isnG ermanya)l.os poTe hnpeehydi lyo soph
up at ow hhoilset oridciom-ecnArsniidto iwntco.har ailkls w ays
invotlwvooeb·sj ecwthiiicvnfheca stc ,a nbneod ti ssoacnida ted
whiicnhc esescahnoat nlooynt eoh ne rot:nhh eea ndl,o fotokor
thmeo me(niitntc sh roogniyot,cls o nsteilteum,eie ntnhtsti ss­
torciocnadli wthietonhnW eses )ft i arssstet rhateue tdmo yan nod
soveroefii togswnr nta yt iotnhLaeul tihtReyer:fma oanrt itohne,
"CoeprniRceavno l,u"Ctra itoenpsihilaonys ,to hpGeha lilean
mathemaotfni aztaNuteriweot,no p nhiyasOnint c hoset. h hearn d,
toa naltyh"zepe r emsoemnetan"nt id nt,e romfws h awtat sh e
hisotfto hrriyes a aswsoe nal oslf w hactab nei tpsr esent balance,
to lfroot ohkra etl awthiiomcnuh sb tee satbliwsihttehhd i s
fuondaicnrtge: d iyst,ca okvuiepanfr gro gtotdeinr eccotmipolne,­
tioorrn u ptruertetu,oar nne arliere tmco.m ent,
Undoubwtese hdolauyslw kdh tyh qiuse sotfti hoEenn light­
enment,e vwdeiirts haopuphtea asdru icadn hifg ef,r ednets tiny
iGne rnmyFa,r aannctdeh A en glo-cSoauxnwotnhrh yie earsne;d
theirwtea i sn veisnstu edcdihe f rfednotm aainnadsc cording to
sucvrhai cehdr oneo.sL leotg iuisna ncsyaa tsyhe Ga etr man
philyog saoivpstehu bsatbaonavclieelan h istaonrpdio clailt ical
refloensc otci(ioweniot tnyphe r ivmiolmeegtnehRtdee: f moartion;
anadc enptrroablrl eelmi:eg xipoeursii nie trnsec lea wtiitohn
theec onaonmtdyh s ete a)fto;rm t hHee lgeitaont shF er ankfurt
SchaonotdloL ukacs, MFaerNuxie,er tbazanscMdcha h,Wxe e b er
ibte awrist ness toi ttt hhihiesis s .ot foI rnsy c Fireannccee which
haasb oavlsele rtvose udp ptohpreht i losqoupehsoitftci haoeln
Enlingmheatnfetta:el rl , thoefC opmoatsneihd tis isuv cicsems sors
waosn wea oyfo ncagea tianku iptn hgqe u estbiyMo ennidnegl s­
sonha nKda notnt hsec aolfaeg eenrhails yto ofsr ocieties.
Knowlbeedltgihesee cf i;e fnrotmoi fkf niocw laentddhgr eee ligious
contoefrn etpsr esoertn httear tainofsornim;t iptorhnee - scientific
10