Table Of ContentTHE MAGELLANIC CLOUDS
ASTROPHYSICS AND
SPACE SCIENCE LIBRARY
A SERIES OF BOOKS ON THE RECENT DEVELOPMENTS
OF SPACE SCIENCE AND OF GENERAL GEOPHYSICS AND ASTROPHYSICS
PUBLISHED IN CONNECTION WITH THE JOURNAL
SPACE SCIENCE REVIEWS
Editorial Board
J. E. BLAMONT, Laboratoire d'Aeronomie, Verrieres, France
R. L. F. BoYD, University College, London, England
L. GOLDBERG, Harvard College Observatory, Cambridge, Mass., U.S.A.
C. DE JAGER, University of Utrecht, Holland
Z. KoPAL, University of Manchester, Manchester, England
G. H. LuDwiG, NASA, Goddard Space Flight Center, Greenbelt, Md., U.S.A.
R. LusT, Institut fiir Extraterrestrische Physik, Garsching-Miinchen, Germany
B. M. McCoRMAC, Lockheed Palo Alto Research Laboratory, Palo Alto, Calif., U.S.A.
H. E. NEWELL, NASA, Washington, D.C., U.S.A.
L. I. SEDOV, Academy of Sciences of the U.S.S.R., Moscow, U.S.S.R.
z:
S~ESTKA, Czechoslovak Academy of Sciences, Ondfejov, Czechoslovakia
Secretary of the Editorial Board
W. DE GRAAFF, Sterrewacht 'Sonnenborgh', University of Utrecht, Utrecht, Holland
VOLUME 23
THE MAGELLANIC
CLOUDS
A EUROPEAN SOUTHERN OBSERVATORY PRESENTATION:
PRINCIPAL PROSPECTS, CURRENT OBSERVATIONAL
AND THEORETICAL APPROACHES,
AND PROSPECTS FOR FUTURE RESEARCH
BASED ON THE SYMPOSIUM ON THE MAGELLANIC CLOUDS
HELD IN SANTIAGO DE CHILE, MARCH 1969,
ON THE OCCASION OF THE DEDICATION
OF THE EUROPEAN SOUTHERN OBSERVATORY
Edited by
ANDRE B. MULLER
European Southern Observatory, Hamburg, W. Germany
SPRINGER-SCIENCE+BUSINESS MEDIA, B.V.
Library of Congress Catalog Card Number 73-154743
ISBN 978-94-015-6908-8 ISBN 978-94-015-6906-4 (eBook)
DOI 10.1007/978-94-015-6906-4
All Rights Reserved
Copyright© 1971 by Springer Science+Business MediaDordrecht
Originally published by D. Reidel Publishing Company, Dordrecht, Holland in 1971
Softcover reprint of the hardcover 1st edition 1971
No part of this book may be reproduced in any form, by print, photoprint, microfilm,
or any other means, without written permission from the publisher
PREFACE
On March 28 and 29, 1969, at the occasion of the dedication of the European Southern
Observatory, some 90 astronomers from all over the world gathered at the ESO
headquarters at Santiago de Chile for discussing problems of the Magellanic Clouds.
They came from Argentina, Australia, Chile, Mexico, South Mrica and the United
States as well as from Europe; these latter, naturally, mostly from the member states
ofESO.
The choice of the subject was an obvious one. When erecting the European Southern
Observatory as a joint effort in European astronomy, it was agreed from the beginning
that the field of research should be the southern sky, so far hardly explored with large
telescopes. Among the objects to be investigated, the Magellanic Clouds rank highest,
together with the galactic centre region and the southern spiral structure. Being
located ten times closer than the nearest large stellar systems accessible to northern
observers, and containing a stellar population ranging in age from the oldest down
to the stage of star formation, the Clouds provide an ideal laboratory for research on
current problems in astrophysics.
Yet, most of the northern observational astronomers were hardly acquainted with
the Magellanic Clouds; naturally, they are used to think in terms of research projects
that can be conducted at their observatories. A survey of the status of knowledge and
research on the Clouds therefore appeared in order now that the first-medium sized -
telescopes of ESO came into operation.
Accordingly, a major part of the symposium report consists of review papers.
They are followed by contributions on the current observational and theoretical
approaches; and some papers indicating the prospects for future work conclude the
volume. For reasons of presentation, the order in which the papers appear here differs
somewhat from the one in which they were given at the symposium.
In sponsoring the symposium and publishing the present report, the European
Southern Observatory hopes to have contributed to a new impetus in research on the
Clouds, at a time when the erecting of new large southern telescopes or their design
opens up an area of intensive investigations of these fascinating objects. It is a pleasure
to thank here again all contributors to the symposium for their share in this project,
and especially Dr A. B. Muller for his editorial work.
Hamburg, Apri/1971 A. BLAAUW
General director, ESO
EDITOR'S NOTE
In order to present an up to date contribution to the study of the Magellanic Clouds,
authors who reported during the ESO symposium in March 1969 on then recent
observations have matched their contributions with the present state of investigations.
A few contributions to the symposium are not published in this work: The paper of
Fehrenbach: 'La detection et Ia mesure des vitesse radiales pour Ia reconnaissance
des etoiles des Nuages de Magellan', reporting on the photographic material, collected
with the Radial Velocity Astrograph. This paper will be published in one of the forth
coming ESO Bulletins. The contribution of S. Gaposhkin 'Seventy-Six Eclipsing
Variables on and in the Large Magellanic Cloud and its Topography' containing
extensive tables with observational data, will be submitted for publication in
the Supplement Series of Astronomy and Astrophysics. The paper of E. Maurice
a
'A. Description du spectrographe Cassegrain "Chilicass" utilise La Silla-B. Etude
de deux etoiles du Grand Nuage de Magellan prt!sentant des raies d'emission du fer'
has been published in the ESO Bulletin No. 7 as far as part A is concerned and part B
has been published in Astron. Astrophys. 3, 323, 1969. Rudolph's contribution on
photometric scanning of the LMC being a description of his first attempt of cloud
scanning. The paper of Demarque 'The Evolution of Low Mass Stars' could not be
presented here for special reasons. Blanco reported on the development of the AURA
Observatory on Tololo. His contribution will be published in one of the forthcoming
ESO Bulletins.
I wish to thank all authors for their kind co-operation which made the editorial
work a pleasant task.
Hamburg, Apri/1971 ANDRE B. MULLER
The Large Magellanic Cloud photographed in ultraviolet light (left) and in infrared light (right),
taken by B. E. Westerlund with the Uppsala Schmidt telescope at Mt. Stromlo Observatory.
TABLE OF CONTENTS
PREFACE v
EDITOR'S NOTE VII
PART I
PRINCIPAL PROPERTIES OF THE MAGELLANIC CLOUDS
A. D. THACKERAY I Survey of Principal Characteristics of the Magellanic Clouds 3
A. D. THACKERAY I Colour-Magnitude Arrays of the Brightest Stars 9
BENGT E. WESTERLUND I Colour-Magnitude Diagrams of Faint Stars in the
Associations and in the Field of the Magellanic Clouds 19
s. c. B. GASCOIGNE I Clusters in the Magellanic Clouds 25
BENGT E. WESTERLUND I Supernova Remnants, Planetary Nebulae and Red
Stars in the Magellanic Clouds 31
CECILIA PA YNE-GAPOSCHKIN 1 Comparison of the Cepheid Variables in
the Magellanic Clouds and the Galaxy 34
JORGE LANDI DESSY and JOSE R. LABORDE I The Short-Period Variable
Stars in the Magellanic Clouds 47
F. J. KERR I Properties of the Neutral Hydrogen in the Magellanic Clouds 50
PART II
CURRENT OBSERVATIONAL APPROACHES
EUGENIO E. MENDOZA v. I Intermediate Band Photometry of the Brightest
Stars in the Magellanic Clouds 69
T. LLOYD EVANS I A Search for Red Variable Stars in the Magellanic Clouds 74
P. J. ANDREWS I Preliminary Results of a Photometric Study of the NGC 371
Region in the Small Magellanic Cloud 79
P. J. ANDREWS and T. LLOYD EVANS I A Spectroscopic Study of Magellanic
Cloud Globular-Type Clusters 88
GUSTAVO J. CARRANZA I L'Emission Hex dans le Grand Nuage de Magellan.
Programmes en Developpement a Cordoba 92
HUGH M. JOHNSON I Optical Aspects ofX-Ray Sources in the Large Magellanic
Cloud 95
D. s. MATHEWSON I Radio Continuum Observations of the Magellanic Clouds 98
ERIK B. HOLMBERG I Satellites of Stellar Systems in General 109
