Table Of ContentTable of Cor
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Commas
Taco Bell is the registered trademark of Taco Bell IP Holder, LLC.
Cluster T
LEGO is the registered trademark of Lego Juris A/S.
When Yo
Reese's Pieces is the registered trademark of Hershey Chocolate & Confectionery Corporation.
CLUSTER
Red Bull is the registered trademark of Red Bull GMBH.
The Impe
CLIF is the registered trademark of CLIF Bar & Company.
Skittles is a registered trademark of Wm. Wrigley Jr. Company. Real LSA
Real LSA
Tumblr is a registered trademark of Tumblr, Inc.
Silicon Valley is the registered trademark of Home Box Office, Inc. Chapter
Community is the registered trademark of Sony Pictures Television. Cluster L
Pellegrino is the registered trademark of San Pellegrino S.P.A. Chapter
Starbucks is the registered trademark of Starbucks Corporation. Chapter Breather
Star Wars is the registered trademark of Lucasfilm Ltd.
Batman is the registered trademark of DC Comics, Inc. THE STIMUL
Yelp is the registered trademark of Yelp Inc. The Stim
The CLIF
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Editor: Dave Killoran Nested ¢
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How to /
Chapter
Table of Contents
INTROTDh eU CAnTaItoOmNy of a Logical Reasoning Question 41
How to Study 5
1. TRWAhNatS LArAeT ISeOntNen ces& RCeLalUlyS TER SENTENCES 97
Commas Are Your Friend 11
14
Cluster Trees A VISUAL TRANSLATION
When You’re Abandoned by Your Friend, the Comma 15
CLUSTER DRILL 17
The Importance of Translation on the LSAT 18
Real LSAT Translation GYPSY MOTHS 19
Real LSAT Translation TITANIUM INK 21
Chapter 1 Quiz 26
Cluster Drill | ANSWER KEY 28
Chapter 1 Quiz ANSWER KEY 29
Chapter Breather TOP 5 THINGS | WISH | KNEW WHEN | STARTED LSAT PREP (PART 1) 31
THE STIMULUS FRAMEWORK 32
The Stimulus-Based Approach 33
The CLIR Sneak Preview (pronounced “clear”) 35
2. ASCPoorR,en mcailnsu GesAsir ognUsu menMt &E INNFETRENSCE S 43330789
Valid Conclusions & Invalid Conclusions 4)
CONCLUSIONS DRILL 46
Complex Arguments 31
Nested Claims & Hybrid Arguments 53
INTERMEDIATE CONCLUSIONS & NESTED CLAIMS DRILL 54
How to Attack an Argument 35
Chapter 2 Quiz 56
The Loophole in Logical Reasoning | i
If and Or
Conclusions Drill ANSWER KEY IF AND C
Intermediate Conclusions & Nested Claims Drill ANSWER KEY Either/O
Chapter 2 Quiz ANSWER KEY INCLUSIC
Chapter Breather TOP 5 THINGS! WISH | KNEW WHEN | STARTED LSAT PREP (PART 2) No, Non«
3, THE POWER PLAYERS EXCLUSIC¢
Must, Cannot, Could, Not Necessarily Unless
Certainty Power Players THE 100% & THE O% UNLESS |
Possibility Power Players THE 1-100% & THE 0-99% Some &/
Power Players & Argument Parts Inference
Certainty Conclusions
SOME & |
Possibility Conclusions
MEGA-C¢
POWER PLAYERS & ARGUMENT PARTS DRILL
Chapter «
Power Players & Truthiness
Basic Cor
Equivalence
If and Or
Negation
Inclusion
POWER PLAYER TRUTHINESS DRILL
Exclusion
Chapter 3 Quiz
Unless D
Power Players & Argument Parts Drill ANSWER KEY
Some & |
Power Player Truthiness Drill answer KEY
Chapter 3 Quiz ANswer KEY Mega-Cc
Chapter.
BASIC TRANSLATION DRILL
Chapter Breather
BASIC TRANSLATION DRILL JUNE 2007, SECTION 2
BASIC TRANSLATION DRILL JUNE 2007, SECTION 3 5. ASSUMP
4. CONDITIONAL REASONING Assumpt
The Art of the If/Then The Sufi
The Contrapositive The Nec:
How to Diagram Conditionals The Assu
Figuring Out The Language SUFFICIE
Your Friend, the Personalized lf/Then The Loor
BASIC CONDITIONAL DRILL The Dan,
Conditional Chains Secret V
And/Or
Secret D
Assumec
If and Only If
IF AND ONLY IF & AND/OR DRILL
Either/Or THE INCLUSION INDICATORS
INCLUSION DRILL
No, None, Nobody, Never THE EXCLUSION INDICATORS
EXCLUSION DRILL
Unless
UNLESS DRILL
Some & Most
Inferences From Some & Most Chains
SOME & MOST DRILL
MEGA-CONDITIONAL DRILL
Chapter 4 Quiz
Basic Conditional Drill ANSWER KEY
If and Only If & And/Or Drill ANSWER KEY
Inclusion Drill ANSWER KEY
Exclusion Drill ANSWER KEY
Unless Drill ANSWER KEY
Some & Most Drill ANSWER KEY
Mega-Conditional Drill ANSWER KEY
Chapter 4 Quiz ANSWER KEY
Chapter Breather WHAT ARE THE BIGGEST MYTHS ABOUT THE LSAT?
5. ASSUMPTIONS & THE LOOPHOLE
Assumptions
The Sufficient Assumption
The Necessary Assumption
The Assumption Chain
SUFFICIENT & NECESSARY ASSUMPTION DRILL
The Loophole
The Dangling Variable
Secret Value Judgments
Secret Downsides
Assumed Universal Goals
The Loophole in Logical Reasoning | iii
8. THE CLII
CShufafpitceiren t 9 &Q uiNze cessary Assumption Drill ANSWER KEY TOhuet liAnnes w
Chapter CBhraeapttheerr 9 QHuOizW DIDA NYSOWUE R MAKKEEY SURE YOU WERE REALL YR EADING THE STIMULUS? CDaetseiggonriinzg
6. CAUSAL REASONING Designing
Cause and Effect Designing
The Omitted Options Designing
Correlation & Causation
CLIR DRII
CAUSAL REASONING DRILL
CLIR DRI
Chapter 6 Quiz
Chapter
Causal Reasoning Drill ANSWER KEY
Chapter €
Chapter 6 Quiz ANSWER KEY
Chapter Breather
Chapter Breather A FEW “COMMON KNOWLEDGE” SCIENCE TERMS YOU NEED TO KNOW
THE POWERF
7. THE CLASSIC FLAWS
The Ques
Bad Conditional Reasoning
SW SCC
Bad Causal Reasoning
Chapter
Whole-to-Part & Part-to-Whole
Overgeneralization MAKING AM
Survey Problems
Chapter |
False Starts
Possibility z Certainty 9. POWERF
Implication Weaken
False Dichotomy Strengths
Straw Man Sufficient
Ad Hominem Counter
Circular Reasoning
Contradi
Equivocation
Evaluate
Appeal Fallacies
Resolutic
Irrelevant!
Chapter:
Percentages * Numbers
Chapter 7 Quiz Powerful
Ch apter 7 Quiz ANSWER key Chapter
Chapter Breath Cr AF EW BU{ SINESS TERMSS POFRO R B BUSINESS STIHsM ULY Chapter Breather
8. THECLIR (pronounced “clear”) 223
The Answer is in the Stimulus 224
Outline 226
Categorize THE FOUR STIMULUS TYPES 227
Designing Loopholes 231
Designing Inferences 232
Designing Controversies 233
Designing Resolutions 237
242
CLIR DRILL JUNE 2007, SECTION 2
247
CLIR DRILL JUNE 2007, SECTION 3
Chapter 8 Quiz 252
Chapter 8 Quiz ANSWER KEY 254
Chapter Breather A BIAS, E BIAS, AND THE ANSWER CHOICE RESET 256
THE POWERFUL PROVABLE PRIMER 257
The Questions, Simplified 258
SW SCCER 265
Chapter 8.5 Quiz 266
MAKIA MNISGSIO N 267
Chapter 8.5 Quiz ANSWER KEY 273
9. POWERFUL QUESTIONS 275
Weaken 276
Strengthen 280
Sufficient Assumption (SA) 284
Counter 288
Contradiction 292
Evaluate 296
Resolution 300
Chapter 9 Quiz 304
Powerful Challenge Questions ANSWER KEY 306
Chapter 9 Quiz ANSWER KEY 307
Chapter Breather WHAT'S SUPPLY AND DEMAND? 309
The Loophole in Logical Reasoning lv
nn a TTT
311 Dormant
10. PROVABLE QUESTIONS an Comparat
Conclusion 318 Strong Ar
SF Inference 321 Stepladde
Most Strongly Supported (MSS) 325 Powerful |
Fill In 328 Grouped |
Controversy 331 Weak Ans
eos
334 Provable ‘
Necessary Assumption (NA)
Chapter 1
Method se
Chapter 1
Argument Part a
Classic Flaw sal ANSWER CHO
Loophole Flaw =z The Answ
Chapter 10 Quiz SE Hyper-Sk
Provable Challenge Questions ANSWER KEY 357 The Excey
Chapter 10 Quiz ANSWER KEY 358
Chapter Breather
Chapter Breather HOW DID YOU LEARN TO NOT FREAK OUT ABOUT THE TIME? 361 The Fast and the C
11. PRINCIPLE & PARALLEL QUESTIONS 363
FULL LOGICA
Principle Conform
364
It’s Showt
Parallel Reasoning
369
FULL LSA’
Parallel Flaw 382
Start You:
Chapter 11 Quiz
386
Principle & Parallel Challenge Questions Answer KEY 387 FULL LSA
Chapter 11 Quiz answer KEY June 200
Chapter Breather tHe cast AND THE QUESTION STEM Quiz 388 June 200
390
12. THE ANSWER CHOICES EPILOGUE
PBoeswte rfWualy or PRrepo vaFbLlAeG? ty E SPECTRUM OF ANSWER CHOICE APPENDIX A
‘
Important Rep FLAG ae: Real LSA
:
Crazy Nonsense RED Fiac APPENDIX B
Grouped Extreme RED Flac f
Alliiillmost RED F LAG 3su9se8 APPENDIX C
Opposite Claim RED Flag
399
400
vi
