Table Of ContentOUPCORRECTEDPROOF–FINAL,11/9/2021,SPi
The Language of Fiction
OUPCORRECTEDPROOF–FINAL,11/9/2021,SPi
OUPCORRECTEDPROOF–FINAL,11/9/2021,SPi
The Language of Fiction
Edited by
EMAR MAIER AND ANDREAS STOKKE
1
OUPCORRECTEDPROOF–FINAL,11/9/2021,SPi
3
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OUPCORRECTEDPROOF–FINAL,11/9/2021,SPi
Contents
Listofcontributors vii
1. Introduction 1
EmarMaierandAndreasStokke
I. TRUTH, REFERENCE, AND IMAGINATION
2. Fictionalreferenceassimulation 17
FrançoisRecanati
3. Sharingrealandfictionalreference 37
HansKamp
4. Fictionaltruth:IndefenseoftheRealityPrinciple 88
NilsFranzén
5. Onthegenerationofcontent 107
SandroZucchi
6. Dotheimaginingsthatfictionsinvitehaveadirectionoffit? 131
ManuelGarcía-Carpintero
II. STORYTELLING
7. Insearchofthenarrator 157
RegineEckardt
8. Extractingfictionaltruthfromunreliablesources 186
EmarMaierandMerelSemeijn
9. Narrativeandpointofview 221
SamuelCumming
10. Apuzzleaboutnarrativeprogressionandcausalreasoning 255
DanielAltshuler
11. Isomorphicmappinginfictionalinterpretation 277
MatthiasBauerandSigridBeck
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III. PERSPECTIVE SHIFT
12. Metalinguisticactsinfiction 301
NellieWieland
13. Computingperspectiveshiftinnarratives 325
MártaAbrusán
14. Derogatorytermsinfreeindirectdiscourse 349
IsidoraStojanovic
15. Protagonistprojection,characterfocus,andmixedquotation 379
AndreasStokke
Index 405
OUPCORRECTEDPROOF–FINAL,11/9/2021,SPi
List of contributors
Márta Abrusán is a tenured research fellow at the Centre national de la recherche
scientifique(CNRS),basedattheInstitutJeanNicodinParis,France.Sheisinterestedin
natural language semantics and pragmatics, and currently works on issues related to
presuppositions, lexical semantics, and perspective shift. She also has an interest in the
questionofhowsemanticsmightinfluencegrammaticalityjudgments;herbookrelatedto
thistopic,entitledWeakIslandSemantics,waspublishedbyOUPin2014.
DanielAltshulerisanAssociateProfessorofSemanticsattheUniversityofOxford.His
research explores how compositional semantics interacts with discourse coherence. His
monograph,Events,StatesandTimes(2016,DeGruyter),investigatesthemeaningoftense
and the indexical now in narrative discourse. His monograph (with Robert Truswell),
ExtractionfromCoordinateStructuresattheSyntax–DiscourseInterface(OUP,forthcom-
ing), offers a focused case study of patterns of extraction involving and. Currently, he is
exploringhowfictionaldiscoursemotivatesextensionsofdynamic-semanticframeworks,
lookingatimaginativeresistanceandgarden-pathing.
MatthiasBauerisProfessorofEnglishLiteratureatEberhardKarlsUniversity,Tübingen.
With Sigrid Beck, he chairs a literary-linguistic research project on “Interpretability in
Context”,whichispartoftheCollaborativeResearchCenter(CRC833)“TheConstruction
ofMeaning”.ThegrouphasrecentlypublishedLinguisticsMeetsLiterature:Moreonthe
GrammarofEmilyDickinsonwithDeGruyter.MatthiasBaueralsochairstheinterdiscip-
linaryResearchTrainingGroup“Ambiguity:ProductionandPerception”,fundedlikethe
CRC by the German Research Foundation (DFG). Another DFG research project is
concernedwiththeaestheticsofco-creativityinearlymodernEnglishliterature.
Sigrid Beck is Professor of Linguistics in the English Department of the Eberhard Karls
University,Tübingen.Sheisco-chairwithMatthiasBaueroftheproject“Interpretabilityin
Context”andchairoftheCollaborativeResearchCenter(CRC833)“TheConstructionof
Meaning”.Herfieldofexpertiseisnaturallanguagesemantics.Inadditiontointerdiscip-
linaryworkattheliterature–linguisticsinterface,hercurrentresearchinterestsincludethe
diachronic development of universal quantification and the incremental processing of
semanticcomposition.
SamuelCummingisProfessorintheDepartmentofPhilosophy,UniversityofCalifornia,
Los Angeles. He studies the details and foundations of conventional representational
systems (mainly natural language and film), and is interested in the roles coordination
andprecedentplayinthedeterminationofreference,truthconditions,andpropositional
content.
Regine Eckardt is Professor of German and General Linguistics at the University of
Konstanz. Her research interests are in formal semantics and pragmatics in synchrony
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anddiachrony.Shehasworkedonfocusconstructions,particles, perspectivetaking,and
polarityphenomena,andistheauthorofMeaningChangeinGrammaticalization(OUP,
2006)andTheSemanticsofFreeIndirectDiscourse(Brill,2015).Hercurrentinterestinthe
connections between fiction and formal semantics goes back to her collaboration in the
ResearchUnitTextstrukturenattheUniversityofGöttingen,startingwithitsfoundationin
2009andongoing.
NilsFranzénisaresearcherintheoreticalphilosophyattheUniversityofUppsala.HisPhD
thesis,“SenseandSensibility:FourEssaysonEvaluativeDiscourse”,concernsthenatureof
moral and aesthetic language. Franzén has published on aesthetic evaluation, first-hand
experience,affectivestatesofmind,andothertopics.
ManuelGarcía-CarpinteroreceivedhisPhDattheUniversityofBarcelona,andhastaught
theresincethen.Heworksinthephilosophyoflanguageandmind,andrelatedepistemo-
logical and metaphysical issues. Currently he is completing a book under contract with
OUPonthenatureofspeechactsingeneralandassertioninparticular,entitledTellMe
WhatYouKnow.
HansKampisalinguistandphilosopherattheUniversityofStuttgartandUniversityof
Texas, Austin. He is best known for his work on two-dimensional semantics (Formal
Propertiesof“Now”,1971)anddynamicsemantics,inparticularthefoundingofdiscourse
representation theory (A Theory of Truth and Semantic Representation, 1981 and From
DiscoursetoLogic,1993(withU.Reyle)).AcollectionofhisarticlesappearedasMeaning
andtheDynamicsofInterpretation(vonHeusingerandterMeulen,eds.,2014).
EmarMaierisAssistantProfessorattheUniversityofGroningen,affiliatedwithboththe
philosophyandlinguisticsdepartments.AfterreceivinghisPhDinphilosophy(Nijmegen,
2006),heledanERCStartingGrantproject(2011–16)onquotation.Heiscurrentlyleading
anNWOVIDIprojectinvestigatingthesemanticsofimaginationandfiction,combining
topicsandinsightsfromphilosophy(e.g.mentalfiles,imaginativeresistance)andlinguis-
tics (e.g. dynamic semantics). His research interests include: fiction and imagination;
pictorialsemanticsand‘superlinguistics’;attitudeascriptionandquotation;andreference
andindexicality.
FrançoisRecanatiisaProfessoratCollègedeFrance.Hispublicationsinthephilosophyof
languageandmindincludeMeaningandForce(CambridgeUniversityPress,1987),Direct
Reference:FromLanguagetoThought(Blackwell,1993),OratioObliqua,OratioRecta(MIT
Press, 2000), Literal Meaning (Cambridge University Press, 2004), Perspectival Thought
(OxfordUniversityPress,2007),Truth-ConditionalPragmatics(OxfordUniversityPress,
2010), Mental Files (Oxford University Press, 2012), and Mental Files in Flux (Oxford
UniversityPress,2016).HeisamemberofAcademiaEuropaeaandaForeignHonorary
MemberoftheAmericanAcademyofArtsandSciences.
Merel Semeijn is currently finishing her PhD at the faculty of philosophy, University of
Groningen.Shespecializesinsemanticsandphilosophyoffiction.Inherdissertationshe
developsanextensionoftheStalnakeriancommongroundframeworktomodeldifferent
ways we use language to engage with fiction and how these uses relate to non-fictional
language uses such as assertion and lying. She has previously published on the role of
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pretendplayintheoryofmindacquisitionandonmetafictionaldiscourse.Currentinterests
include fiction, fiction operators, learning from fiction, (bald-faced) lies, and common
ground.
IsidoraStojanovicisaDirectorofResearchattheCentrenationalderecherchescientifique
(CNRS)attheInstitutJeanNicodinParis,France.SheholdsaPhDinphilosophyfrom
Stanford University and a PhD in cognitive science from the École Polytechnique. Her
articles have appeared in journals such as American Philosophical Quarterly, Erkenntnis,
LinguisticsandPhilosophy,Inquiry,SouthernJournalofPhilosophy,andSynthese.Shehas
contributedchapterstomanycollectivevolumes,sixofwhicharefromOxfordUniversity
Press. Her research lies at the interface between philosophy of language and formal
semanticsandcombinestheoreticaltoolswithempiricalmethods.
Andreas Stokke is a Docent and Senior Lecturer in Philosophy at the Department of
Philosophy, Uppsala University, and a Pro Futura Scientia Fellow at the Swedish
Collegium for Advanced Study. Previously he has been a visiting scholar at the
Department of Philosophy, New York University, an academic visitor of the Faculty of
Philosophy, University of Oxford, and a visiting fellow at Magdalen College, Oxford.
Stokke’sresearchismainlyinthefieldsofphilosophyoflanguageandepistemology,but
hehasalsoworkedonethicsandthephilosophyofaction.Hehaspublishedextensivelyon
lyingandinsincerity,protagonistprojection,dynamicsemantics,andmanyothertopics.
Nellie Wieland is a Professor in the Department of Philosophy at California State
University Long Beach. She received her PhD from UC San Diego in 2007. She works
primarilyintheareasofphilosophyoflanguageandsocialmetaphysics.Shehaswrittenon
problems of agency, autonomy, and authority in both of those areas. She also works on
quotationandothermetalinguisticphenomenaasawayoftheorizingaboutthenatureof
language.
Sandro Zucchi is a Professorat the Università degli Studi diMilano. He has worked on
quantification, tense, aspect, truth in fiction, and sign languages. Recently, he has been
workingonavariablistsemanticsforpronounsandthesemanticsofconditionals.
