The Interstellar Medium: Proceedings of the NATO Advanced Study Institute held at Schliersee, Germany, April 2–13, 1973

304 Pages·1974·23.776 MB·English

by  H. C. van de Hulst (auth.), K. Pinkau (eds.)

The Interstellar Medium
NATO ADVANCED STUDY INSTITUTES SERIES
Proceedings of the Advanced Study Institute Programme, which aims
at the dissemination of advanced knowledge and
the formation of contacts among scientists from different countries
The series is published by an international board of publishers in conjunction
with NATO Scientific Affairs Division
A Life Sciences Plenum Publishing Corporation
B Physics London and New York
C Mathematical and D, Reidel Publishing Company
Physical Sciences Dordrecht and Boston
D Behavioral and Sijthoff International Publishing Company
Social Sciences Leiden
E Applied Sciences Noordhoff International Publishing
Leiden
Series C - Mathematical and Physical Sciences
Volume 6 - The Interstellar Medium
The Interstellar Medium
Proceedings of the NATO Advanced Study Institute
held at Schliersee, Germany, April 2-13, 1973
edited by
K.PINKAU
Max·Planck-Institut for Physik und Astrophysik
Institut FUr extraterrestrische Physik. Garching bei Miinchen, Germany
D. Reidel Publishing Company
Dordrecht-Holland/Boston-U.S.A.
Published in cooperation with NATO Scientific Affairs Division
Library of Congress Catalog Card Number 73-91208
[SBN-I3: 978-94-010-2[52-4 e-[SBN-I3: 978-94-0[0-2[50-0
00[: 10.[007/978-94-010-2[50-0
Published by D. Reide[ Publishing Company
P.O. Box 17, Dordrecht, Holland
Sold and distributed in the U.S.A., Canada, and Mexico
by D. Reidel Publishing Company, Inc.
306 Dartmouth Street, Boston, Mass. 02116, U.S.A.
All Rights Reserved
Copyright © 1974 by D. Reidel Publishing Company, Dordrecht
Softcover reprint oflbe hardcover 1st edition 1974
No part of this book may be reproduced in any form., by print, photoprint, microfilm.
or any other means, without written pennission from the publisher
TABLE OF CONTENTS
Preface VII
List of Participants IX
Where is the Interstellar Medium?
H.C. van de Hulst
Radio Observations
P.G. Mezger 9
Visible and Ultraviolet Observations of the Inter
stellar Medium
G.R. Carruthers 29
The Interstellar Medium in X- and Gamma Ray Astronomy
C. Dilworth 69
H II Regions
H.J. Habing 91
Physics of Interstellar Medium
S.R. Pottasch 127
Molecules in Dense Interstellar Clouds
B.J. Robinson 159
Interstellar Extinction in the Ultraviolet from
Celescope Observations
K. Haramundanis 185_
Ideas about the Study of Dust
C.D. Andriesse 187
VI TABLE OF CONTENTS
Large-Scale Distribution of Interstellar Matter in
the Galaxy
J. Lequeux 191
Density-Wave Theory of Spiral Structure
F.H. Shu 219
Star Formation and Star Destruction
F.D. Kahn. 235
The Nucleosynthesis of the Light Elements and
the Interstellar Medium
H. Reeves 267
PREFACE
In recent years it has become apparent that con
tributions to our knowledge about the interstellar
medium are made by practically all forms of astronomy
ranging from radio- to gamma ray observations, and from
cosmic ray measurements. It was thus thought fruitful
to arrange for an interdisciplinary meeting of astron
omers from the various fields of investigation, and of
high energy astrophysicists. This meeting took place at
Schliersee (Bavaria) from April 2 to 13, 1973. Lectures
and some of the discussions held during that Advanced
Study Institute are reproduced here.
unfortunately, no manuscripts of the two lectures
about infrared and cosmic ray observations were re
ceived and these are thus not available here. However,
it was thought to be more important to proceed now with
the publication.
The organisers are very grateful to Miss H. Eichele
for her technical help during the meeting. The or
ganisation of the Institute and the publication of the
proceedings would have been impossible without the very
great efforts and help of Mrs. M. Brunner and Mrs. D.Preis.
I would also like to express my gratitude to my col
leagues K.W. Michel and S. Drapatz for their many con
tributions towards the success of the meeting.
Garching, October 10, 1973 K. Pinkau
organisation: K. Pinkau, K.W. Michel, S. Drapatz
Max-Planck-Institut fur Physik
und Astrophysik, Institut fur
extraterrestrische Physik, Garching
Advisors: L. Biermann
Max-Planck-Institut fur Astrophysik, Munchen
R. Lust
Max-Planck-Institut fur extraterrestrische
Physik, Garching
J. Lequeux
Observatoire de Meudon
P.G. Mezger
Max-Planck-Institut flir Radioastronomie,Bonn
M. Rees
Astronomical Institute, Cambridge
J. Trlimper
Astronomisches Institut, Tlibingen
We are very grateful to the Scientific Affairs Division
of NATO and to the Max-Planck-Society for sponsorship
of this conference.
LIST OF PARTICIPANTS
Lecturers
Carruthers, G.R., Washington
Dilworth, C., Milano
Habing, H.J., Leiden
van de Hulst, H.C., Leiden
Kahn, F.D., Manchester
Lequeux, J., Meudon
Mezger, P.G., Bonn
Pottasch, S.R., Groningen
Reeves, H., Paris
Shu, F.H., Stony Brook
TrUmper, J., Tubingen
Woolf, N.J., Minneapolis
Participants
Andriesse, C., Groningen
Barsuhn, J .• , Bonn
Beale, J.S., Genf
Bedijn, P.J., Leiden
Bennett, K., London
Bibring, J.P., Orsay
Biermann, L., Munchen
Billing, H., Manchester
de Boer, K.S., Groningen
Bonetti, A., Firenze
Brand, P., Edinburgh
Bussoletti, E., Meudon
Carson, P., Belfast
Cavallo, G., Bologna
Chaisson, E.J., Cambridge, USA
Charles, P.A., Dorking
di Cocco, G., Bologna
da Costa, A., Manchester
Danks, A.C., Mons
Dickinson, G.J., Durham City
Dopita, M., Manchester
Drapatz, S., Garching
Duin, R.M., Leiden
van Duinen, R., Groningen
Duraud, J.P., Orsay
Elliott, K.H., Manchester
Emerson, J.P., London
Flower, D., Meudon
Frisch, P., Chicago
Froeschle, Ch., Nice
x LIST OF PARTICIPANTS
Gomez-Gonzales, J., Meudon
van Gorkom, J.H., Groningen
GrUn, E., Heidelberg
Guelin, M., Meudon
Haramundanis, K., Cambridge, USA
Havnes, 0., Blindern
Higdon, J., Los Angeles
Holmes, J.A., Oxford
Isobe, S., Heidelberg
Israel, F.P., Leiden
J~rgensen, H., Copenhagen
Kaftan-Kassim, M.A., Albany
Kisselbach, V.J., LindaU/Harz
Lada, Ch.J., Cambridge, USA
Launay, J.M., Meudon
Lee, P., Baton Rouge
Lee, T.J., Edinburgh
Lucas, R., Meudon
Macchetto, F., Frascati
Mayer-HaBelwander, H.A., Garching
Mebold, U., Bonn
Michel, K.W., Garching
Mills, R.M., Falmer
Moyano, C., Garching
Muzumdar, A.P., Bristol
Nagarajan, S., Bruxelles
Natta, A., Frascati
Norman, C.A., Oxford
d'Odorico, S., Asiago
O'Neill, A., Falmer
Panagia, N., Ithaca
Payne-Gaposchkin, C., Cambridge, USA
Peterson, F.W., Charlottesville
Pinkau, K., Garching
Poulakos, C., Athens
Reina, C., Milano
Robinson, B.J., Sydney
Roser, H.J., Gottingen
Roueff, E., Meudon
SchlUter, A., Garching
Schmidt, W., Garching
Schonfelder, V., Garching
Schwehm, G., Bochum
Shukla, P., Garching
Sieber, D., Bonn
Smeding, A.G., Groningen
Tenorio-Tagle, G., Manchester
Tscharnuter, W., Gottingen
Voges, W., Garching