Table Of Contenthistory / children’s activity ages 9 & up M
T U T Industrial Revolution
he IndustrIal revolutIon for KIds introduces a time of monumental change in a LL
E
“revolutionary” way. Learn about the new technologies and new forms of communica- N
B H
A
tion and transportation that impacted American life—through the people who invented C
H
them and the people who built, operated, and used them. In addition to wealthy industri-
E
alists such as John D. Rockefeller and Andrew Carnegie and ingenious inventors such as
T
Eli Whitney and Alexander Graham Bell, you’ll learn about everyday workers, activists, H
Kids
E
and kids.
I for
The late 19th and early 20th centuries come to life through the eyes of hardworking N
D
Chinese immigrants who built the Transcontinental Railroad; activist Isaac Myers, an U
S
African American ship caulker who became a successful businessman and labor union
T
R
organizer; toiling housewife Hannah Montague, who revolutionized the clothing industry
I
A
with her popular detachable collars and cuffs; and many others who help tell the human L The People and Technology
R
stories of the Industrial Revolution. Twenty-one hands-on activities invite young history
E
buffs to experience life and understand the changing technologies of this important era. V That Changed the World
O
L
Kids can:
U
T
¥ Create a floor plan for a tenement apartment WITH 21 ACTIVITIES
Cheryl Mullenbach is a former history I
O
¥ Weave a placemat
N
teacher, librarian, public television project
¥ Investigate the science of bicycling f CH E RY L MUL L E N BACH
manager, and K–12 social studies consultant. o
r
¥ Analyze the interchangeable parts of a household appliance
K
She is the author of Double Victory: How
I
¥ Design a product for the World’s Fair D
African American Women Broke Race and S
¥ And much more
Gender Barriers to Help Win World War II
and has contributed to An Encyclopedia of
American Women at War.
Cover-Industrial Revoltion for Kids_revise.indd 1 6/9/14 4:44 PM
T Industrial Revolution
h
e
Kids
for
The People and Technology
That Changed the World
with 21 Activities
C h e r y l M u l l e n b aC h
Interior-Industrial Revoltion for Kids.indd 1 6/9/14 5:05 AM
For Duke and Lori
“The Girls” Kim, Lindy, Cindy, and Dixie
And always for Richard L. Wohlgamuth
For educator resources and more, please visit
www.cherylmullenbachink.com
© 2014 by Cheryl Mullenbach
All rights reserved
First edition Cover and interior design: Monica Baziuk
Published by Chicago Review Press, Incorporated Cover images: (front, clockwise from upper right)
814 North Franklin Street vintage hand sewing machine, Shutterstock/
Chicago, Illinois 60610 Againstar; roller skater, courtesy of the Library
ISBN 978-1-61374-690-5 of Congress, Prints & Photographs Division, LC-
USZ62-55467; workers building the Boonsborough
Turnpike Road, courtesy of the Federal Highway
Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data Administration, US Department of Transportation;
Mullenbach, Cheryl. skyscrapers, courtesy of the Library of Congress,
The industrial revolution for kids : the people Prints & Photographs Division, Detroit Publishing
and technology that changed the world : with Company Collection, LC-D4-13088; newsgirls in
21 activities / Cheryl Mullenbach. — First edition. Delaware, 1910, courtesy of the Library of Congress,
pages cm. — (For kids series) Prints & Photographs Division, LC-USZ62-75164;
Includes bibliographical references and index. train car, Courtesy of the Library of Congress, Prints
ISBN 978-1-61374-690-5 (paperback) & Photographs Division, LC-DIG-ggbain-04545;
1. Industrial revolution—United States—Juvenile (back, clockwise from upper right) young radish
literature. 2. Industries—United States— seller in Cincinnati, Ohio, courtesy of the Library of
History—Juvenile literature. 3. Technological Congress, Prints & Photographs Division, National
innovations—Economic aspects—United States— Child Labor Committee Collection, LC-DIG-
History—Juvenile literature. 4. Capitalists and nclc-03199; early Ford car, courtesy of the Library
financiers—United States—Juvenile literature. of Congress, Prints & Photographs Division,
5. Businesspeople—United States—Juvenile LC-USZ62-21222
literature. I. Title. Interior illustrations: Jim Spence
HC105.M85 2014
330.973´08—dc23 Printed in the United States of America
2014016755 5 4 3 2 1
Interior-Industrial Revoltion for Kids.indd 2 6/9/14 5:05 AM
Contents
ACKnoWLeDGmenTs v
Time Line vi
inTRoDuCTion ix
1. A Time of Sweeping ChAnge 1
Analyze interchangeable Parts 3
Test machine Travel 7
Crack a Code 12
2. new wAyS of working 17
Listen to Talking Walls 19
make an Assembly Line sandwich 20
Prepare a miner’s Lunch 30
3. new wAyS of Living 33
Design a Tenement space 37
model an elevator 41
Track manufactured items 48
inflate a Dollar 49
Interior-Industrial Revoltion for Kids.indd 3 6/9/14 5:05 AM
4. kidS AT work 51
Take a Break 53
Create an early-1900s Diary 62
5. CATASTropheS, UnionS, And STrikeS 67
Create a Time Line of Your Life 73
Do Detective Work 75
6. heLp And hope for BeTTer LiveS 85
All About Gruel 87
Weave a Placemat 89
Tell a story with Photographs 92
Try to understand an unfamiliar Language 98
7. A new CULTUre emergeS 101
Play “monkey Tag” 106
investigate the science of Bicycling 108
Design a Product for the World’s Fair 113
ePiLoGue 117
ResouRCes 119
noTes 121
BiBLioGRAPhY 124
inDex 127
Interior-Industrial Revoltion for Kids.indd 4 6/9/14 5:05 AM
ACknowledgments
Thanks to my editor, Lisa Reardon, at Chicago Review Press.
Also, thanks to Christina stern for her professional insights.
special gratitude to the miller family—Jeff, Kristie, Bailey,
Zack, and Brooklyn—for their expertise and contributions to
the project. Bailey’s input and unique perspective was invalu-
able. Zack’s fascination with the boy miner photos was an
inspiration. And Brooklyn’s help in papermaking was priceless.
v
Interior-Industrial Revoltion for Kids.indd 5 6/9/14 5:05 AM
time line
1791 samuel slater builds the
first thread-spinning mill
in the united states
1793 eli Whitney patents the cotton
gin based on experiments
he and Catharine
1838 Caulkers Association union is formed
Greene completed
1843 Dorothea Dix reports on conditions
1807 Robert Fulton designs a steam
of the mentally ill in the
engine to power a boat
state of massachusetts
1822 Town of Lowell, massachusetts,
1844 samuel B. morse sends
is founded
the first telegram
1825 erie Canal is completed
1846 elias howe develops a
1826 Joseph niépce produces sewing machine
the first photograph
1860 Pony express moves mail
1830 Congress enacts the cross-country
indian Removal Act
1861 –1865 Civil War
1831 Cyrus mcCormick invents
1868 isaac myers starts the Colored
the mechanical reaper
Caulkers’ Trade union
1834 national Trades’ union is started society of Baltimore
1835 Lucy Larcom goes to work in 1869 Knights of Labor forms; Colored
a massachusetts mill national Labor union is
started; Transcontinental
1837 John Deere invents the
Railroad is completed
first steel plow
vi
Interior-Industrial Revoltion for Kids.indd 6 6/9/14 5:06 AM
1882 Chinese exclusion Act is passed 1903 Wright Brothers complete the first
successful airplane flight
1884 First skyscraper is built in Chicago
1904 Louisiana Purchase exposition
1886 American Federation of Labor
is held in st. Louis, missouri
forms; haymarket Riot occurs
1905 Bessie moore becomes the first
1889 Jane Addams establishes
woman to win the us Women’s
hull house
singles Championship four times
1891 James naismith invents the
1906 upton sinclair shocks readers
game of basketball
with his book The Jungle; Pure
1892 Carnegie steel Company is
Food and Drug Act is enacted
the largest us steel maker;
1913 henry Ford sets up the
homestead strike occurs
first assembly line to
1893 economic depression (Panic
manufacture cars
of 1893) hits; Chicago hosts
1873 economic depression
the World’s Columbian
(Panic of 1873) hits
exposition; illinois governor
1876 Alexander Graham Bell patents the
pardons surviving haymarket
telephone; American Centennial
Riot participants
exhibition is held in Philadelphia
1894 Pullman strike occurs
1877 nez Perce Chief Joseph surrenders
1897 nation’s first subway is
to us government; Great
completed in Boston
Railroad strike occurs;
1899 First juvenile court system is
Thomas edison files a patent
established in illinois; marshall
for the phonograph
Taylor wins the world one-mile
1879 College football debuts
track cycling championship
1880 Thomas edison develops an
1901 Pan-American exposition is
electric lightbulb; John
held in Buffalo, new York;
D. Rockefeller’s standard
President William mcKinley
oil owns 90 percent of oil
is assassinated
refineries in the united states
vii
Interior-Industrial Revoltion for Kids.indd 7 6/9/14 5:06 AM
During the industrial Revolution children like Lucy Larcom and
this young cotton spinner worked long hours in textile mills.
Courtesy of the Library of Congress, Prints & Photographs Division, LC-DIG-nclc-05382
Interior-Industrial Revoltion for Kids.indd 8 6/9/14 5:06 AM
introduCtion
lucy larcom, 11-Year-old doffer
“I thought it would be a pleasure to feel that i was not a trouble
or burden or expense to anybody . . . it really was not hard,
just to change the bobbins of the spinning frames every three-
quarters of an hour or so, with half a dozen other little girls
who were doing the same thing.”
Lucy Larcom wrote those words about her first day as an
11-year-old mill girl in Lowell, massachusetts, in 1835. At eight
years of age, Lucy had moved with her mother and siblings
from Beverly, massachusetts, when her dad died. her mother
ran a boardinghouse for women who worked at the Lawrence
manufacturing Company.
ix
Interior-Industrial Revoltion for Kids.indd 9 6/9/14 5:06 AM
