Table Of ContentNicolas Wiater
The Ideology of Classicism
Untersuchungen zur
antiken Literatur und Geschichte
Herausgegeben von
Heinz-Günther Nesselrath, Peter Scholz
und Otto Zwierlein
Band 105
De Gruyter
The Ideology of Classicism
Language, History, and Identity
in Dionysius of Halicarnassus
by
Nicolas Wiater
De Gruyter
Ph.D. dissertation, Bonn University, 2008
ISBN 978-3-11-025658-1
e-ISBN 978-3-11-025911-7
ISSN 1862-1112
LibraryofCongressCataloging-in-PublicationData
Wiater,Nicolas.
Theideologyofclassicism:language,history,andidentityinDionysius
ofHalicarnassus/byNicolasWiater.
p. cm. − (Untersuchungen zur antiken Literatur und Geschichte,
ISSN1862−1112)
Includesbibliographicalreferencesandindex.
ISBN978-3-11-025658-1(hardcover:alk.paper)
ISBN978-3-11-025911-7(ebk.)
1.Dionysius,ofHalicarnassus−Criticismandinterpretation. 2.Clas-
sicism−Greece−History. I.Title.
PA3967.Z6W53 2011
880.91.001−dc22
2011010091
BibliographicinformationpublishedbytheDeutscheNationalbibliothek
TheDeutscheNationalbibliothekliststhispublicationintheDeutscheNationalbibliografie;
detailedbibliographicdataareavailableintheInternetathttp://dnb.d-nb.de.
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ForPamela,Tino,andFabi
Preface
ThisbookisarevisedversionofmyPh.D.dissertationwhichwasaccepted
by the Philosophische Falkultät der Rheinischen Friedrich-Wilhelms-Uni-
versität Bonn in 2008. I am grateful to my referees, Professor Thomas A.
Schmitz and Professor Konrad Vössing, and the other members of the
examining board, Professor Dorothee Gall and Professor Otto Zwierlein,
for their criticism and support, and to the editors of the Untersuchungen
zurantikenLiteraturundGeschichte,ProfessorOttoZwierlein,Professor
Heinz-Günther Nesselrath, and Professor Peter Scholz, for accepting my
manuscriptforpublicationintheseries;inparticular,IwishtothankProfes-
sorNesselrathwhoreadtheentiremanuscriptwithextraordinarydiligence
andcareandinterceptedmorethanoneerror.ToProfessorZwierleinIam
mostgratefulnotonlyforrecommendingthismanuscriptforpublicationin
theUaLGseriesbutalsoforhisextraordinarysupportandencouragement
overtheyears.ManythanksalsotoKatrinHofmannandDrSabineVogtof
deGruyterfortheirpromptassistanceinbringingthemanuscriptthrough
thefinalstagesofpublication.
Manypeoplehavecontributedtothisbookwiththeiradviceandsup-
port. First and foremost I would like to mention Professor Thomas A.
Schmitz,towhomIowemorethancouldbeexpressedhere.ThelongerI
workinClassics,bothasaresearcherandateacher,themoreIrealizehow
much I have learned from him. It was his work on Greek literature under
theRomanEmpirewhichfirstrousedmyinterestinlaterGreekliteraturein
2004,whenIwrotemyMastersthesison Diodorus Siculus,and theyears
sincehavebeenthemostintellectuallystimulatingandrewardingofmylife.
Amongmanyotherthings,ThomasSchmitzsupportedmyapplication
foradoctoralscholarshipfromtheGermanNationalAcademicFoundation
(StudienstiftungdesDeutschenVolkes)whichgavemetwoyearsinwhichI
couldpursuemyresearchonDionysiusofHalicarnassuswithoutteaching
obligationsandadministrativeduties.IamgratefultotheStudienstiftungfor
theirfinancialsupportduringthistime,especiallyduringthewonderfulyear
asavisitingresearchstudentatPembrokeCollege,Cambridge.Iwouldlike
VIII Preface
toexpressmygratitudetoProfessorSimonGoldhillandProfessorRichard
Hunter for discussing my ideas with me and for their manifold support
bothduringmytimeatCambridgeandafterwards.
Furthermore, I would like to thank my parents, Susanne and Alfred
Wiater, without whose support this book would never have been written,
aswellasmygodfatherandhiswife,HeinzandUteKutzner,andmygrand-
parents, Josef and Lydia Müller, for their generous and constant support
andinterestinmywork.
Jamie Sutherland read the manuscript at an earlier stage and greatly
helpedmewithmyEnglish.
Among the numerous people who have, in one way or another, con-
tributedtothisproject,Iwouldliketosingleoutthefollowingthree:Fabian
Meinelandmypartner,PamelaHutcheson,whoreadtheentiremanuscript,
discussedmyargumentwithme,correctedmyEnglish,andprovidedmoral
support. Tino Schweighöfer, my oldest and closestfriend, was,as always,
an unfailing source of encouragement and sanum iudicium. The only ade-
quatewaytoshowthemmygratitudeandaffectionistodedicatethisbook
tothem.
Table of Contents
Preface . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . VII
1. Introduction:TheAimsandMethodsofThisStudy . . . . . . . . 1
1.1 ‘WebsofSignificance’–ANovelApproachtoDionysius’
Classicism . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1
1.1.1 Dionysius’ClassicismasaCulturalPhenomenon . . 1
1.1.2 Dionysius–an‘Augustan’Author? . . . . . . . . . . . . 8
1.1.3 ACulturalIdentityApproachtoDionysius’
Classicism . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18
1.2 TheConceptualFrameworkofDionysius’Classicism . . . . 29
1.2.1 CriticismasaStruggleforAuthority . . . . . . . . . . . 32
1.2.2 Dionysius’CriticalMethodasHeirtotheTradition
ofClassicalRhetoric . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 40
1.2.3 ThePoweroftheText:CreatingaDiscursive
Tradition . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 44
1.2.4 CriticismasConstituentofCommunitiesof
Intellectuals . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 47
1.3 Conclusions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 52
2. RevivingthePast:LanguageandIdentityinDionysius’
Classicism . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 60
2.1 Introduction:LanguageandTimeinDionysius’
Classicism . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 60
2.2 FilÏsofoc <Rhtorik†,M–mhsic,andContinuity . . . . . . . 65
2.2.1 Politiko» LÏgoi:LearningClassicalIdentityfrom
Isocrates . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 65
2.2.2 ClassicistSelf-Fashioning:Re-enactingthePast
throughM–mhsic . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 77
X TableofContents
2.3 LanguageandPower:GettingtheRomansintothe
Picture . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 92
2.3.1 Greeks,Romans,Barbarians:Dionysius’
InterpretationofAugustanRome . . . . . . . . . . . . . 92
2.3.2 Dionysius’InterpretationoftheRomanPresent
inContext . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 100
2.3.3 GreekorRoman?TheAmbiguityofDionysius’
ViewofAugustanRome . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 107
2.3.4 Coda:HowHistoricalisDionysius’Modelof
History? . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 110
2.4 Summary . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 116
3. HistoryandCriticism:TheConstructionofaClassicistPast . . 120
3.1 ‘Metahistory’avantlalettre:DionysiusonHistorical
Writing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 121
3.2 DeconstructingThucydides . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 130
3.2.1 IdentifyingwiththePast:WhyHerodotus
SucceededwhereThucydidesFailed . . . . . . . . . . . 132
3.2.2 ClassicistHistory:Theopompus’‘Isocratean’
ApproachtothePast . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 149
3.2.3 BetweenHistoryandCriticism:Re-writingthe
MelianDialogue . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 154
3.3 AGreekPastfortheRomanPresent:TheProjectof
Dionysius’Antiquitates . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 165
3.3.1 EŒjÃc ‚x Çrq®c:TheArchaeologyofRoman
Power . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 171
3.3.2 IdentityandDifference:BeRoman,GoGreek? . . . 198
3.4 Summary . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 223
4. KnowledgeandElitism:BeingaClassicistCritic . . . . . . . . . . . 226
4.1 >Anàgnwsic Trofò LËxewc:ReadingandDistinction
inDionysius’Classicism . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 230
4.2 ‘AuthenticReading’:BecomingaClassicistCritic . . . . . . . 235
4.2.1 TheFailuresofScholarshipPast:Redressingthe
BalancebetweenTheoryandPractice . . . . . . . . . . 235
4.2.2 MisreadingTradition:DeconstructingChrysippus . . 239
4.2.3 RefutingtheIdeaofa‘NaturalWordOrder’ . . . . . . 243
