The hydrogeology of Agawam, Longmeadow, East Longemeadow, and Hampden, Massachusetts

117 Pages·2015·5.2 MB·English

by  John Archer Moser

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Masters Theses 1911 - February 2014
1975
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John Archer Moser
University of Massachusetts Amherst
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Massachusetts" (1975). Masters Theses 1911 - February 2014. 1818.
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NOV 1 7 1978
3 11 b *
DATE DUE
UNIVERSITY OF MASSACHUSETTS
LIBRARY
FIORR
LD
3234
M268
1975
M899
THE HYDROGEOLOGY OF AGAWAM, LONGMEADOW, EAST 10NGMEADOW,
AND HAMPDEN, MASSACHUSETTS
A Thesis Presented
By
JOHN ARCHER MOSER
Submitted to the Graduate School of the
University of Massachusetts in partial
fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of
MASTER OF SCIENCE
April 1975
Geology
ii
THE HYDROGEOLOGX OF AGAw'AM, LGNGMEADOW, EAST LONGMEADQW,
and hampdeim, Massachusetts
A Thesis
By
JOriN ARCHER MOSER
Approved as to style and content by:
ntfard S. Motts, Chairman of Committee
.Joseph H. Hartshorn, Member
Gregory/W. /ebb, Member
Joseph H. Hartshorn, Department Head
\
Department of Geology and Geography
April 1975
TABLE OF CONTENTS
Page
Abstract viii
Introduction
1
Purpose
1
Location
. 1
Acknowledgments
3
Methods of Study 4
Previous Geologic and Hydrologic Investigations
5
Well Numbering System 8
Geography 8
Topography 8
Drainage 9
Climate il
Culture 12
Geology 12
.....
Generalized Geologic Column 12
Historical and Structural Geology 18
Economic Geology 24
Hydrogeology 25
General 25
28
Bedrock
General 2«
Paleozoic Bedrock 30
Triassic Bedrock • 31
Triassic Border Fault Zone Bedrock 33
iii
Quaternary Deposits
33
General qq
Excellent Aquifer Potential
40
Outwash deposits 40
Buried Sand and Gravel 40
Good Aquifer Potential 41
Kame deposits 41
Delta deposits 42
Fair Aquifer Potential 43
Alluvium 43
Stream-terrace deposits 43
Till 44
Poor Aquifer Potential 44
Dune Sand 44
Swamp deposits 44
Lake deposits 44
Potentiometric Surfaces 45
Bedrock Potentiometric Surface 45
....
Potentiometric Surfaces of the Quaternary Deposits 50
Water Quality 51
General 51
Interpretation 62
Water Use 7^
Ground-water Resources Potential 79
Artificial Recharge
.
iy
Conclusions
Recommendations
References Cited
LIST OF ILLUSTRATIONS
Plates
Plate
Page
1. Bedrock Geologic Map and Data Point Location Map in pocket
. .
2. Surficial Hydrogeologic Map in pocket
3 Geologic Cross-sections in pocket
.
4. Bedrock Hydrologic Map in pocket
Figures
Figure Page
1. Location Map 2
2. Geologic Column 17
3. Gravity Profiles 22
4. Water Levels in Triassic Bedrock at U. S. Geological
Survey Observation Well SG-20 47
.....
5. Trilinear Quality Plots 65
a. All Bedrock Wells 65
— ....
b. Triassic Bedrock Wells Agawam 66
—
c. Triassic Bedrock Wells Longmeadow 67
—
d. Triassic Bedrock Wells East Longmeadow 68
—
e. Triassic Bedrock Wells Hampden 69
f Triassic Border Fault Zone Bedrock and
.
Paleozoic Bedrock Wells 70
g. Wells in Quaternary deposits 71
vi
Tables
Table Page
1. Summary of Meteorological data at Springfield,
Massachusetts 13
2. Population Growth 14
3. Total Depth of Wells 34
4. Depth into Water-bearing Unit 34
5. Percentage of Wells, Within Specified Limits of
Depth, in the Several Water-bearing Units 35
6. Percentage of Wells, Within Specified Limits of
Depth into Bedrock, in the Several Rock Units 35
7. Yield of Wells * 36
8. Percentage of Wells, Within Specified Limits of Yield,
in the Several Water-bearing Units 36
Average Yield, in gpm, of Wells, Within Specified
9.
...
Limits of Depth, in the Several Water-bearing Units 37
10. Yield per Thickness of Water-bearing Unit Penetrated . . 37
11. Chemical Analyses 56
12. U.S. Public Health Service Drinking Water Standards,
80
1962
vii