The History of Canadian Business, 1867-1914 Volume Two: Industrial Development

372 Pages·1975·44.717 MB·English

by  R. T. Naylor

THE
HISTORY
CANADIAN
BUSINESS
Volume
II
Industrial
development
FOREWORD
BY
ERIC KIERANS
Digitized by the Internet Archive
2012
in
http://www.archive.org/details/historyofcanadiaOOnayl

The History of Canadian
1867-1914
Business
Volume Two

The History of Canadian
1867-1914
Business
Volume Two
Industrial Development
R. T. Naylor
James Lorimer & Company, Publishers
Toronto 1975
Copyright © 1975 by R. T. Naylor. All rights reserved. No part
ofthis book may be reproduced or transmitted in any form or by
any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying, or
by any information storage and retrieval system, without permis-
sion in writing from the publisher.
0-88862-093-4 paper
0-88862-095-0 cloth
Cover design: Robert MacDonald
Design: Lynn Campbell
James Lorimer & Company, Publishers
Egerton Ryerson Memorial Building
35 Britain Street
Toronto
Printed and bound in Canada
Published with the assistance of the Social Science Research Council,
using funds provided by the Canada Council.
Canadian Shared Cataloguing in Publication Data
Naylor, R. T.
The history ofCanadian business, 1867-1914.
2v.
Bibliography: —
Contents: v. 1. The banks and financial capital.
v.2. Industrial development.
ISBN 0-88862-094-2 (v.l) ISBN 0-88862-092-6 (v.l) pbk.
ISBN 0-88862-095-0 (v.2) ISBN 0-88862-093-4 (v.2) pbk.
1. Canada - Commerce - History. 2. Canada - Industries
- History. 3. Canada - Economic conditions. I. Title.
HF5349.C2N39 380'.0971
8
CONTENTS
CHAPTER
IX/Staple Production and the Canadian Railway
System 2
Western Expansion, 1870-1896 2
The "Laurier Boom" 10
The Agricultural Frontier 13
The Grain Trade 15
Railway Competition and Cartels
1
Freight Rate Discrimination 26
Manufacturers Versus Railroads 30
Notes to Chapter IX 33
CHAPTER X/Patents, Foreign Technology, and Industrial
Development 38
Invention and Industrial Growth 38
Pre-Confederation Patterns 40
Post-Confederation Patterns 44
The International Movement of Patents: I 49
The Migration of Patents: II 56
Canadian Industry and Its Northern Vision 62
Conclusion 63
X
Notes to Chapter 64
CHAPTER
Xl/Commercial Policy and Direct Investment 70
Manufacturing Investment, 1878-1895 70
Manufacturing Investment, 1896-1914 73
—
Foreign Investment and Resource Development Forest
Industries 78
The History ofCanadian Business
—
Foreign Investment and Resource Development Mining 83
Conclusion 97
Notes to Chapter XI 98
CHAPTER X11/ Federalism and the Rise of the Corporate
Welfare State 104
Bounties and Bonuses 104
Bonusing Before Confederation 108
Bonuses to Infrastructure After Confederation 109
Primary Iron and Steel Subsidies 1 14
The Beet Root Sugar Industry 121
Notes to Chapter XII 124
CHAPTER XIll/The Bonusing System andSecondary Industry 130
Bonusing Agribusiness 130
The Textile Industry 133
Bonusing in Ontario 138
Bonusing in Quebec 140
Bonusing in the Maritimes 144
Bonusing in the West 145
Municipal "Fire Insurance" 146
Subsidizing Internal Migration 147
Subsidizing Foreign Immigrants 149
Costs ofthe Bonusing System 152
Notes to Chapter XIII 156
CHAPTER XIV/The Rise of Big Business 162
Industrial and Commercial Organization 162
Mercantile Cartels 163
The Cotton Industry 168
The Agricultural Implements Industry 171
The Resource Industries 174
The Food Processing Industry 178
Iron and Steel Industries 182
Consumers' Goods Industries 184
Industrial Mergers, 1907-1914 186
Conclusions 193
Notes to Chapter XIV 194
CHAPTER
XV/Reciprocity 202
Early Debate 202
Reciprocity, 1911 209
XV
Notes to Chapter 214