The Hip Joint in Adults: advances and developments

467 Pages·2018·8.57 MB·English

The Hip Joint in Adults

Pan Stanford Series on Renewable Energy — Volume 2
The Hip Joint in Adults
Advances and Developments
K. Mohan Iyer
editors
Preben Maegaard
Anna Krenz
Wolfgang Palz
The Rise of Modern Wind Energy
Wind Power
for the World
Published by
Pan Stanford Publishing Pte. Ltd.
Penthouse Level, Suntec Tower 3
8 Temasek Boulevard
Singapore 038988
Email: [email protected]
Web: www.panstanford.com
British Library Cataloguing-in-Publication Data
A catalogue record for this book is available from the British Library.
The Hip Joint in Adults: Advances and Developments
All rights reserved. This book, or parts thereof, may not be reproduced in any form
Copyright © 2018 by Pan Stanford Publishing Pte. Ltd.
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or any information storage and retrieval system now known or to be invented,
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ISBN 978-981-4774-72-7 (Hardcover)
ISBN 978-1-351-26244-6 (eBook)
In memory of my respected teacher, late Geoffrey V. Osborne
and my colleague, late George S. E. Dowd,
MD, M.Ch. (Orth.), FRCS.
To
My grandson, Vihaan
My wife, Mrs Nalini K. Mohan
My daughter, Deepa Iyer, MBBS, MRCP (UK)
My son, Rohit Iyer, BE (IT)

Contents
Foreword
Preface
Acknowled gem ents xvii
xxi
1. Advances in S lipped Upper Femoral Epiphysis xx1v
Kishan Gokaraju, Nimalan Maruthainar and
M. Zahid Saeed
1.1 Definition 1
1.2 Epidemiology 1
1.2.1 Demographics 2
1.2.2 Hip Location 2
1.2.3 Other Risk Factors 2
1.3 Aetiology 2
1.4 Pathophysiology 4
1.5 Clinical Features 5
1.6 Investigations 6
1.6.1 First-Line Imaging 6
1.6.2 Radiographic Signs 7
1.6.3 Additional Imaging 9
1.7 Classification 10
1.8 Management 10
1.8.1 Stable SUFE 11
1.8.2 Unstable SUFE 12
1.9 Surgical Techniques 13
1.9.1 In Situ Fixation 13
1.9.2 Open Reduction 14
1.9.3 Osteotomies 14
1.9.4 Cheilectomy 15
1.9.5 Bone-Peg Epiphysiodesis 15
1.10 Postoperative Regime 16
2. 1A.d1v1a nceCso imn pFrliaccattuiroenss a nd Dislocations of the Hip Joint 1261
Thomas Pepper, Philip Ahrens and M. Zahid Saeed
2.1 Hip Fractures 21
viii Contents
2.1.1 Intracapsular Fractures 22
2.1.1.1 Classification 22
2.1.1.2 Clinical features 22
2.1.1.3 Management 23
2.1.1.4 Complications 23
2.1.2 Extracapsular Fractures 24
2.1.2.1 Classification 24
2.1.2.2 Clinical features 25
2.1.2.3 Management 25
2.1.2.4 Complications 26
2.2 Traumatic Dislocations of the Hip Joint 26
2.2.1 Posterior Dislocation 26
2.2.2 Anterior Dislocation 28
2.2.3 Central Dislocation 29
3. Advance2s. 2in.4 SurfDacisel oRceaptleadce Hmipe nPtr oofs tthhees Hisi p Joint 2391
Senthil Muthian, Nicholas Garlick and M. Zahid Saeed
3.1 Hip Resurfacing 31
3.1.1 Introduction 31
3.1.2 History 32
3.1.3 Problems with Conventional Total Hip
Replacement 32
3.1.4 Young Patients 33
3.1.5 Biomechanics 33
3.1.6 Tribology 34
3.1.7 Indications 35
3.1.8 Risk Factors 35
3.1.9 Contraindications 35
3.1.10 Cautions 36
3.1.11 Selection of Ideal Patients 36
3.1.12 Female Sex 36
3.1.13 Surgical Considerations 37
3.1.13.1 Approach 37
3.1.13.2 Acetabulum 37
3.1.13.3 Femur 38
3.1.14 Results 38
3.1.14.1 Implant-specific results 38
3.1.14.2 Mechanism of failure 39
3.1.14.3 Complications 39
Contents ix
3.1.15 Imaging 40
3.1.15.1 Radiographic features of
impending failure 41
3.1.15.2 Radiological features
requiring closer observation 41
3.1.16 Revision Surgery 41
3.1.17 Current Recommendations for
Follow-Up 41
4. Advance3s. 1in.1 P8e riSpuromstmheatriyc Fractures of the Hip Joint 4437
Ali-Asgar Najefi, Arthur Galea, Nicholas Garlick and
M. Zahid Saeed
4.1 Periprosthetic Fractures of the Proximal Femur 47
4.1.1 Introduction 47
4.1.2 Risk Factors for PFF 48
4.1.2.1 Patient factors 48
4.1.2.2 Local risk factors 50
4.1.2.3 Surgical factors 50
4.1.3 Classification 52
4.1.4 Investigations 55
4.1.5 Surgical Considerations and Treatment
of PFFs 56
4.1.5.1 Vancouver AG and AL fractures 56
4.1.5.2 Vancouver A1 and A2 fractures 57
4.1.5.3 Vancouver B1 fractures 57
4.1.5.4 Vancouver B2 fractures 57
4.1.5.5 Vancouver B3 fractures 59
4.1.5.6 Vancouver C fractures 60
5. 4M.2in imaPllye rIinpvraossivthee Stuicr gAecreyt oafb tuhlaer H Fipra Jcotiunrte s 6703
Matthew K. T. Seah and Wasim Khan
5.1 Comparing Minimally Invasive Approaches 74
5.2 Quantifying Soft-Tissue Trauma 76
5.3 MIS in Trauma 77
5.4 Proximal Femoral Fractures: Sliding Hip Screw
Fixation 77
5.5 Hip Arthroscopy: Current and Projected Trends 78
5.6 Conclusion 80