The Health Care Case: The Supreme Court's Decision and Its Implications

401 Pages·2013·2.314 MB·English

by  Nathaniel Persily, Gillian E. Metzger, Trevor W. Morrison

Th e Health Care Case
This page intentionally left blank
Th e Health Care Case
The Supreme Court’s Decision and Its
Implications
EDITED BY NATHANIEL PERSILY ,
GILLIAN E. METZGER
and

TREVOR W. MORRISON

1
3
Oxford University Press is a department of the University of Oxford.
It furthers the University’s objective of excellence in research, scholarship,
and education by publishing worldwide.
Oxford New York
Auckland Cape Town Dar es Salaam Hong Kong Karachi
Kuala Lumpur Madrid Melbourne Mexico City Nairobi
New Delhi Shanghai Taipei Toronto
With offi ces in
Argentina Austria Brazil Chile Czech Republic France Greece
Guatemala Hungary Italy Japan Poland Portugal Singapore
South Korea Switzerland Th ailand Turkey Ukraine Vietnam
Oxford is a registered trademark of Oxford University Press
in the UK and certain other countries.
Published in the United States of America by
Oxford University Press
198 Madison Avenue, New York, NY 10016
© Oxford University Press 2013
All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a
retrieval system, or transmitted, in any form or by any means, without the prior
permission in writing of Oxford University Press, or as expressly permitted by law,
by license, or under terms agreed with the appropriate reproduction rights organization.
Inquiries concerning reproduction outside the scope of the above should be sent to the Rights
Department, Oxford University Press, at the address above.
You must not circulate this work in any other form
and you must impose this same condition on any acquirer.
Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data
Th e healthcare case : the Supreme Court’s decision and its implications / Edited by
Nathaniel Persily, Gillian E. Metzger and Trevor W. Morrison.
pages cm.
Includes index.
ISBN 978–0–19–930105–8 (hardback : alk. paper)—ISBN 978–0–19–930106–5 (pbk. : alk.
paper) 1. National Federation of Independent Business,—Trials, litigation, etc. 2. Sebelius,
Kathleen, 1948–,—Trials, litigation, etc. 3. Health insurance—Law and legislation—United
States. 4. Medical care—Finance—Law and legislation—United States. 5. Health care reform—
United States. 6. Health care reform—Economic aspects—United States. I. Persily, Nathaniel,
editor of compilation. II. Metzger, Gillian E., 1965– editor of compilation.
III. Morrison, Trevor W., editor of compilation.
KF228.N34H43 2013
344.7302(cid:99)2—dc23
1 3 5 7 9 8 6 4 2
Printed in the United States of America
on acid-free paper
For my mother, Nancy Alfr ed Persily, M.P.H.
N. P.
For my father, Walter Paul Metzger,
and in memory of my mother, Loya Ferguson Metzger
G. E. M.
For my parents, Anne and Hugh Morrison
T. W. M.
This page intentionally left blank
CONTENTS

Acknowledgments xi
Contributors xiii
Introduction
1
Nathaniel Persily, Gillian E. Metzger,
and Trevor W. Morrison
PART I ■ R EFLECTIONS ON THE SUPREME COURT’S
DECISION
1. Th e Court Affi rms the Social Contract
CHAPTER 11
Jack M. Balkin
2 Who Won the Obamacare Case?
CHAPTER . 17
Randy E. Barnett
3 A Most Improbable 1787 Constitution:
CHAPTER .
A (Mostly) Originalist Critique of the
Constitutionality of the ACA
28
Richard A. Epstein
4 Th e June Surprises: Balls, Strikes, and
CHAPTER .
the Fog of War
51
Charles Fried
vii
viii Contents
5. Much Ado: Th e Potential Impact of the Supreme
CHAPTER
Court Decision Upholding the Aff ordable Care Act
69
Robert N. Weiner
PART II ■ L INES OF ARGUMENT: COMMERCE, TAXING AND
SPENDING, NECESSARY AND PROPER, AND DUE
PROCESS
6. Th e Missing Due Process Argument
CHAPTER 91
Jamal Greene
7. “Necessary,” “Proper,” and Health Care Reform
CHAPTER 105
Andrew Koppelman
8. Th e Presumption of Constitutionality and the
CHAPTER
Individual Mandate
124
Gillian E. Metzger and Trevor W. Morrison
9. Th e Individual Mandate and the Proper Meaning
CHAPTER
of “Proper”
146
Ilya Somin
PART III ■ T HE IMPORTANT ROLE OF THE CHIEF JUSTICE
10. Judicial Minimalism, the Mandate, and
CHAPTER
Mr. Roberts
171
Jonathan H. Adler
11. Is It the Roberts Court?
CHAPTER 186
Linda Greenhouse
12. More Law Th an Politics: Th e Chief, the “Mandate,”
CHAPTER
Legality, and Statesmanship
192
Neil S. Siegel
Contents ix
13. Th e Secret History of the Chief Justice’s Obamacare
CHAPTER
Decision
215
John Fabian Witt
PART IV ■ THE DECISION’S IMPLICATIONS
14. Federalism by Waiver after the Health Care Case
CHAPTER 227
Samuel R. Bagenstos
15. Th e Health Care Case in the Public Mind: Opinion on
CHAPTER
the Supreme Court and Health Reform in a Polarized Era
245
Andrea Louise Campbell and Nathaniel Persily
16. Federalism from Federal Statutes: Health Reform,
CHAPTER
Medicaid and the Old-Fashioned Federalists’ Gamble
274
Abbe R. Gluck
17. Constitutional Uncertainty and the Design of Social
CHAPTER
Insurance: Refl ections on the ACA Case
300
Michael J. Graetz and Jerry L. Mashaw
18. Th e Aff ordable Care Act and the Constitution:
CHAPTER
Beyond N ational Federation of Independent Business v. Sebelius
315
Timothy Stoltzfus Jost
19. Medicaid’s Next Fifty Years: Aligning an Old
CHAPTER
Program with the New Normal
337
Sara Rosenbaum
20. Health Policy Devolution and the Institutional
CHAPTER
Hydraulics of the Aff ordable Care Act
359
Theodore W. Ruger
Index 377