Table Of Contentcontinued from front flap
thorough, careful reading follows Luke W o l t e r M i c h a e l W o l t e r In thIs fIfth volume of the
as the Evangelist seeks to explain how the Baylor–Mohr Siebeck Studies in Early
translated by Wayne coppins
fulfillment of the Old Testament promises t Christianity series, Michael Wolter pro-
of God for Israel results in a parting of the christoph heilig vides a detailed, verse-by-verse interpre-
The Gospel AccordinG To luke h
ways between the Christian church on the tation of the Third Evangelist’s Gospel
Volume ii (luke 9:51–24)
e
one side and Judaism on the other. Scholars (Luke 9:51–24). Wolter’s commentary fully
and students alike will benefit from access “The original German version of Michael Wolter’s magisterial commentary complements the great tradition of “Hand-
G
to new German scholarship now available on Luke is already, rightly, a standard work on that Gospel. Wolter is a master books of the New Testament” published by
to English-language audiences. of his craft: the commentary is not afraid to strike out in new directions at o Mohr Siebeck. Replacing the third edition
times, but the interpretation is always meticulously argued and with a wealth s of Erich Klostermann’s commentary on
michAel WolTer is Professor of New of knowledge and expertise behind it. This translation represents a real boon Luke, Wolter’s volume rightly joins those by
p
V
Testament at the Faculty of Protestant to scholarship as Wolter’s work will remain an outstanding resource and ref- Conzelmann (Acts), Käsemann (Romans),
Theology at the University of Bonn in erence work in all study of Luke’s Gospel for many years to come.” o e and Lietzmann (1 Corinthians) in this ven-
l
Germany and Honorary Professor at the —chrisTopher TuckeTT, u l erable series.
Theological Faculty at the University Emeritus Professor of New Testament Studies, University of Oxford m Wolter’s approach to a sustained read-
A th e
of Pretoria in South Africa. His books ing of Luke’s Gospel is comprehensive. He
e
“It is wonderful to have Michael Wolter’s Handbuch commentary on
Paul: An Outline of His Theology and c carefully places Luke’s narrative of Jesus
Luke now available in English from Baylor University Press. The two I
The Gospel According to Luke: Volume I I c in its cultural context, paying close atten-
volumes provide a trove of information on text-critical, grammatical,
(Luke 1–9:50) are also available from Baylor ( G o s p e l A c c o r d i n G tion to the relationship of the Gospel with
lexical, literary, historical, and theological issues in the text of Luke’s L o
University Press. u its Jewish and Greco-Roman environment.
Gospel, and are a model of patient exegesis, insightful historical con- k r
Wolter performs form-critical and narra-
e
textualization, and judicious interaction with other scholars.”
9 d tive analysis of the specific stories; however,
—mArGAreT m. miTchell, : to l u k e Wolter also emphasizes Luke as a theolo-
5 i
Shailer Mathews Professor of New Testament and Early Christian Literature, 1 n Volume II (Luke 9:51–24) gian and his Gospel as a work of theology.
Mohr Siebeck (Tübingen, Germany) and Baylor The University of Chicago –
2 Centrally, Wolter recognizes how Luke’s
University Press (Waco, Texas, USA) proudly G
4
narrative of Jesus forms the first part of
continue a landmark, international collaboration “Michael Wolter, a leading New Testament scholar in Germany, offers )
in Christian scholarship—the Baylor–Mohr a fresh and careful reading of the Greek text of Luke in this commentary. t a unified work—the Acts of the Apostles
Siebeck Studies in Early Christianity series. He blends painstaking attention to detail with a superb eye for the o being the second—that represents a new
In this series, editors Wayne Coppins (University moment in Israel’s history. But in surpris-
structural patterns within the Third Gospel. His judicious selections of
of Georgia, USA) and Simon Gathercole ing new ways, Wolter makes clear that it is
parallels from the Greco-Roman and Jewish worlds enable readers to situ- l
(Cambridge, UK) select, translate, and edit God alone who works in and through the
ate the text in its original cultural milieu. This English translation makes
u
major works from senior German scholars
words and deeds of Jesus to bring salva-
an exceptional work of scholarship widely available to English speakers.”
on early Christianity’s relationships to Second k tion to Israel. His commentary shows that
Temple Judaism and Hellenistic religious GreGory e. sTerlinG,
e Luke succeeds in preserving the history of
Reverend Henry L. Slack Dean and Lillian Claus Professor of New Testament,
movements from the first years of the Common
Jesus and its theological impact and that
Yale Divinity School
Era. Titles in Baylor–Mohr Siebeck Studies in
Biblical Studies/New Testament this history stands on equal footing with
Early Christianity will appear for the first time in
the history of early Christianity. Wolter’s
English and make accessible the highest level of
German scholarship.
continued on back flap
The Gospel According to Luke
Wayne Coppins and Simon Gathercole
Series Editors
ALSO AVAILABLE
From Jesus to the New Testament
Early Christian Theology and the Origin of the New Testament Canon
Jens Schröter (2013)
Israel, Church, and the Gentiles in the Gospel of Matthew
Matthias Konradt (2014)
Christian Theology and Its Institutions in the Early Roman Empire
Prolegomena to a History of Early Christian Theology
Christoph Markschies (2015)
The Gospel According to Luke
Volume 1: Luke 1–9:50
Michael Wolter (2016)
The Gospel According to Luke
Volume II (Luke 9:51– 24)
Michael Wolter
Translated by
Wayne Coppins and Christoph Heilig
BAYLOR UNIVERSITY PRESS
Mohr Siebeck
© 2017 by Baylor University Press
All Rights Reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a
retrieval system, or transmitted, in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical,
photocopying, recording, or otherwise, without the prior permission in writing of Baylor
University Press.
Cover Design by Natalya Balnova
Originally published in German as Das Lukasevangelium (Tübingen: Mohr Siebeck,
2008) with the ISBN 978- 3-1 6- 149525- 0.
The English edition is distributed in Germany by Mohr Siebeck with the
ISBN 978-3-16-154932-8 (vol. 1) and 978-3-16-155600-5 (vol. 2).
Distributors
For all other countries For Europe and the UK
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Library of Congress Cataloging-i n- Publication Data
Names: Wolter, Michael, author.
Title: The Gospel according to Luke / Michael Wolter ; trans. Wayne Coppins
and Christoph Heilig.
Other titles: Lukasevangelium. English
Description: Waco, Texas : Baylor University Press, 2016– | Series: Baylor- Mohr
Siebeck studies in early christianity | “Originally published in German as
Das Lukasevangelium (Tubingen: Mohr Siebeck, 2008), with the
ISBN 978- 3161495250.” | Includes bibliographical references.
Identifiers: LCCN 2016006228 (print) | LCCN 2016016167 (ebook) |
ISBN 9781481306690 (hardback: v. 2) | ISBN 9781481306737 (web pdf) |
Subjects: LCSH: Bible. Luke—C ommentaries.
Classification: LCC BS2595.53 W6413 2016 (print) | LCC BS2595.53 (ebook) |
DDC 226.4/077— dc23
LC record available at https://lccn.loc.gov/2016006228
Printed in the United States of America on acid-f ree paper with a minimum of 30 percent
postconsumer waste recycled content.
To the memory of Abraham J. Malherbe (1930–2 012)
This page intentionally left blank
Contents
Introduction 1
1. Textual Tradition and Early Reception 1
2. Author, Date, and Provenance 4
2.1 Author 4
2.2 Date 11
2.3 Provenance 12
3. Sources 12
4. The Lukan Story of Jesus as an Episodic Narrative 18
5. Intended Readers 26
6. The Theological Place of the Story of Jesus in Luke–A cts 30
9.51– 18.34: The Journey to Jerusalem 40
9.51- 56: An Inhospitable Samaritan Village 45
9.57- 62: Consequences of Discipleship 48
10.1- 16: The Commission of the Seventy-T wo 52
10.17- 24: The Return of the Seventy-T wo 64
10.25- 37: The Scribe and the Merciful Samaritan 71
10.38- 42: Martha and Mary 82
11.1- 13: On Prayer 86
11.1-4 : The Prayer of the Disciples 87
11.5-1 3: Jesus’s Speech on Prayer 95
11.14- 28: Jesus and the Evil Spirits 101
vii
viii Contents
11.29-3 2: “This generation is an evil generation” 111
11.33- 36: The Eye as Lamp of the Body 115
11.37- 54: The Woes against the Pharisees and Scribes 118
12.1– 13.9: Jesus and the Disciples in the Midst of a Huge Crowd 129
12.1- 12: The Encouragement of the Disciples to Public Confession 130
12.13- 21: On the Worthlessness of Earthly Riches 140
12.22- 34: Do not Be Anxious but Seek the Kingdom of God 147
12.35- 48: On the Watchfulness and Reliability of Service Personne l 156
12.49- 53: Fire That Destroys Families 166
12.54- 59: This Kairos as the Time of Decision 171
13.1- 9: Last Call to Repentance 174
13.10- 21: On the Sabbath in a Synagogue 182
13.10- 17: Sabbath III 182
13.18- 21: Two Parables on the Kingdom of God 189
13.22- 35: Travelling to Jerusalem 192
13.22- 30: Outside before the Narrow Door 193
13.31- 35: Herod and Jerusalem 200
14.1- 24: As a Guest at the House of a Leading Pharisee 207
14.1- 6: Sabbath IV 207
14.7- 11: “Whoever exalts himself will be lowered” and Vice Versa 211
14.12- 14: The Nullification of the Principle
of Symposial Reciprocity 214
14.15- 24: The Parable of the Rejected Invitation 217
14.25– 18.34: Somewhere on the Way 224
14.25- 35: Conditions for Discipleship 225
15.1- 32: The Controversy Dialogue over the Repentance
of Tax Collectors and Sinners 233
15.1- 3: Exposition 235
15.4- 10: The Double Parable of the Lost Sheep and
the Lost Drachma 236
15.11-3 2: The Parable of the Prodigal Son 241
16.1- 31: On Rightly Dealing with Money and Possessions 259
16.1- 13: The Speech to the Disciples 260
16.14- 31: The Speech to the Pharisees 271
17.1- 10: Another Speech to the Disciples 286
17.11-2 1: The Thankful Samaritan and the Question
of the Pharisees 294
17.11-1 9: The Thankful Samaritan 294
17.20- 21: The Question of the Pharisees 300
17.22– 18.8: When the Son of Man Comes 304
17.22- 37: The Day of the Son of Man 304
Contents ix
18.1- 8: The Parable of the Judge and the Widow 314
18.9- 14: The Parable of the Pharisee and the Tax Collector 320
18.15- 17: The Children and the Kingdom of God 325
18.18- 30: Riches and Discipleship 327
18.31- 34: Jesus’s Second Announcement of the Passion and the
Resurrection 335
18.35– 19.46: The End of the Peregrination 338
18.35– 19.28: Jericho 339
18.35- 43: The Healing of a Blind Man before Jericho 339
19.1- 10: Zacchaeus 344
19.11-2 8: The Parable of the Throne Claimant 350
19.29- 46: The Entrance into Jerusalem 362
19.47– 21.38: “And he was teaching daily in the temple” 376
19.47- 48: Initial Frame 376
20.1- 26: Jesus as Teacher of the Jewish People and His Opponents 378
20.1- 8: The Questioning of Jesus’s Authority 378
20.9- 19: The Parable of the Tenants of the Vineyard 382
20.20- 26: The Question about the Tax for Caesar 392
20.27- 40: The Question about the Resurrection of the Dead 397
20.41- 44: Is the Messiah David’s Son? 405
20.45- 47: Warning against the Scribes 408
21.1- 4: The Gift of the Widow 410
21.5- 36: Jesus’s Last Public Speech 413
21.37- 38: Concluding Frame 436
22.1– 24.52(53): Passion and Easter 437
22.1- 6: The Prelude: The Agreement between Judas
and Jesus’s Opponents 444
22.7- 65: On the Day of Unleavened Bread 448
22.7- 13: The Preparation for Passover 448
22.14- 38: The Last Supper 451
22.14- 20: Passover Meal, Breaking of Bread,
and the New Covenant 452
22.21- 23: The One Who Hands Over 465
22.24- 30: On Serving and Ruling 467
22.31- 34: The Announcement of the Denial 473
22.35- 38: Coats to Swords! 476
22.39- 53: On the Mount of Olives 479
22.39- 46: Jesus Prays and the Disciples Sleep 479
22.47- 53: The Handing Over 486
