The Gale encyclopedia of surgery: a guide for patients and caregivers

659 Pages·2004·9.82 MB·English

by  Anthony J. Senagore

GALE

The
ENCYCLOPEDIA
of
S
urgery
A GUIDE FOR PATIENTS AND CAREGIVERS
GALE

The
ENCYCLOPEDIA
of
S
urgery
A GUIDE FOR PATIENTS AND CAREGIVERS
V O L U M E
3
P - Z
ANTHONY J. SENAGORE, M.D., EXECUTIVE ADVISOR
CLEVELAND CLINIC FOUNDATION
Gale Encyclopedia of Surgery: A Guide for Patients and Caregivers
Anthony J. Senagore MD, Executive Adviser
Project Editor Editorial Support Services Imaging and Multimedia
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LIBRARY OF CONGRESS CATALOGING-IN-PUBLICATION DATA
Gale encyclopedia of surgery : a guide for patients and caregivers /
Anthony J. Senagore, [editor].
p. cm.
Includes bibliographical references and index.
ISBN 0-7876-7721-3 (set : hc) — ISBN 0-7876-7722-1 (v. 1) — ISBN
0-7876-7723-X (v. 2) — ISBN 0-7876-9123-2 (v. 3)
Surgery—Encyclopedias. 2. Surgery—Popular works. I. Senagore,
Anthony J., 1958-
RD17.G34 2003
617’.91’003—dc22 2003015742
This title is also available as an e-book.
ISBN: 0-7876-7770-1 (set)
Contact your Gale sales representative for ordering information.
Printed in the United States of America
10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1
CONTENTS
List of Entries . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . vii
Introduction. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . xiii
Contributors . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . xv
Entries
Volume 1:A-F . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1
Volume 2:G-O . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 557
Volume 3:P-Z. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1079
Glossary. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1577
Organizations Appendix . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1635
General Index. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1649
GALE ENCYCLOPEDIA OF SURGERY v
LIST OF ENTRIES
Appendectomy Breast reduction
A Arteriovenous fistula Bronchoscopy
Arthrography Bunionectomy
Abdominal ultrasound
Arthroplasty
Abdominal wall defect repair
Arthroscopic surgery
Abdominoplasty
Artificial sphincter insertion
Abortion,induced Aseptic technique C
Abscess incision and drainage
Aspirin
Acetaminophen Cardiac catheterization
Autologous blood donation
Adenoidectomy Cardiac marker tests
Axillary dissection
Admission to the hospital Cardiac monitor
Adrenalectomy Cardiopulmonary resuscitation
Adrenergic drugs Cardioversion
Adult day care B Carotid endarterectomy
Ambulatory surgery centers Carpal tunnel release
Amniocentesis Balloon valvuloplasty Catheterization,female
Amputation Bandages and dressings Catheterization,male
Anaerobic bacteria culture Bankart procedure Cephalosporins
Analgesics Barbiturates Cerebral aneurysm repair
Analgesics,opioid Barium enema Cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) analysis
Anesthesia evaluation Bedsores Cervical cerclage
Anesthesia,general Biliary stenting Cervical cryotherapy
Anesthesia,local Bispectral index Cesarean section
Anesthesiologist’s role Bladder augmentation Chest tube insertion
Angiography Blepharoplasty Chest x ray
Angioplasty Blood donation and registry Cholecystectomy
Anterior temporal lobectomy Blood pressure measurement Circumcision
Antianxiety drugs Blood salvage Cleft lip repair
Antibiotics Bloodless surgery Club foot repair
Antibiotics,topical Bone grafting Cochlear implants
Anticoagulant and antiplatelet drugs Bone marrow aspiration and biopsy Collagen periurethral injection
Antihypertensive drugs Bone marrow transplantation Colonoscopy
Antinausea drugs Bone x rays Colorectal surgery
Antiseptics Bowel resection Colostomy
Antrectomy Breast biopsy Colporrhaphy
Aortic aneurysm repair Breast implants Colposcopy
Aortic valve replacement Breast reconstruction Colpotomy
GALE ENCYCLOPEDIA OF SURGERY vii
s Complete blood count Endoscopic retrograde Gastrostomy
e
tri Cone biopsy cholangiopancreatography General surgery
n
E Corneal transplantation Endoscopic sinus surgery Gingivectomy
f
t o Coronary artery bypass graft Endotracheal intubation Glossectomy
s
Li surgery Endovascular stent surgery Glucose tests
Coronary stenting Enhanced external counterpulsation Goniotomy
Corpus callosotomy Enucleation,eye
Corticosteroids Epidural therapy
Craniofacial reconstruction Episiotomy
Craniotomy Erythromycins H
Cricothyroidotomy Esophageal atresia repair
Cryotherapy Esophageal function tests Hair transplantation
Cryotherapy for cataracts Esophageal resection Hammer,claw,and mallet toe
surgery
CT scans Esophagogastroduodenoscopy
Hand surgery
Curettage and electrosurgery Essential surgery
Health care proxy
Cyclocryotherapy Exenteration
Health history
Cystectomy Exercise
Heart surgery for congenital defects
Cystocele repair Extracapsular cataract extraction
Heart transplantation
Cystoscopy Eye muscle surgery
Heart-lung machines
Heart-lung transplantation
Hemangioma excision
D F Hematocrit
Hemispherectomy
Death and dying Face lift Hemoglobin test
Debridement Fasciotomy Hemoperfusion
Deep brain stimulation Femoral hernia repair Hemorrhoidectomy
Defibrillation Fetal surgery Hepatectomy
Dental implants Fetoscopy Hip osteotomy
Dermabrasion Fibrin sealants Hip replacement
Dilatation and curettage Finding a surgeon Hip revision surgery
Discharge from the hospital Finger reattachment Home care
Disk removal Fluoroquinolones Hospices
Diuretics Forehead lift Hospital services
Do not resuscitate order (DNR) Fracture repair Hospital-acquired infections
Human leukocyte antigen test
Hydrocelectomy
Hypophysectomy
E G Hypospadias repair
Hysterectomy
Ear,nose,and throat surgery Gallstone removal
Hysteroscopy
Echocardiography Ganglion cyst removal
Elective surgery Gastrectomy
Electrocardiography Gastric acid inhibitors
Electroencephalography Gastric bypass I
Electrolyte tests Gastroduodenostomy
Electrophysiology study of the heart Gastroenterologic surgery Ileal conduit surgery
Emergency surgery Gastroesophageal reflux scan Ileoanal anastomosis
Endolymphatic shunt Gastroesophageal reflux surgery Ileoanal reservoir surgery
viii GALE ENCYCLOPEDIA OF SURGERY
Ileostomy Limb salvage L
Immunoassay tests Lipid tests N ist o
Immunologic therapies Liposuction f E
Necessary surgery n
Immunosuppressant drugs Lithotripsy tr
Needle bladder neck suspension ie
Implantable cardioverter- Liver biopsy s
defibrillator Nephrectomy
Liver function tests
In vitro fertilization Nephrolithotomy,percutaneous
Liver transplantation
Incision care Nephrostomy
Living will
Incisional hernia repair Neurosurgery
Lobectomy,pulmonary
Informed consent Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory
Long-term care insurance
drugs
Inguinal hernia repair
Lumpectomy
Nursing homes
Intensive care unit
Lung biopsy
Intensive care unit equipment
Lung transplantation
Intestinal obstruction repair
Lymphadenectomy
Intravenous rehydration
O
Intussusception reduction
Iridectomy
Obstetric and gynecologic surgery
Islet cell transplantation
M Omphalocele repair
Oophorectomy
Magnetic resonance imaging
Open prostatectomy
Mammography
Operating room
K
Managed care plans
Ophthalmologic surgery
Mastoidectomy
Kidney dialysis Orchiectomy
Maze procedure for atrial
Kidney function tests Orchiopexy
fibrillation
Kidney transplantation Orthopedic surgery
Mechanical circulation support
Knee arthroscopic surgery Otoplasty
Mechanical ventilation
Knee osteotomy Outpatient surgery
Meckel’s diverticulectomy
Knee replacement Oxygen therapy
Mediastinoscopy
Knee revision surgery
Medicaid
Kneecap removal
Medical charts
Medical errors P
Medicare
Meningocele repair Pacemakers
L
Mentoplasty Pain management
Laceration repair Microsurgery Pallidotomy
Laminectomy Minimally invasive heart surgery Pancreas transplantation
Laparoscopy Mitral valve repair Pancreatectomy
Laparoscopy for endometriosis Mitral valve replacement Paracentesis
Laparotomy,exploratory Modified radical mastectomy Parathyroidectomy
Laryngectomy Mohs surgery Parotidectomy
Laser in-situ keratomileusis (LASIK) Multiple-gated acquisition Patent urachus repair
Laser iridotomy (MUGA) scan Patient confidentiality
Laser posterior capsulotomy Muscle relaxants Patient rights
Laser skin resurfacing Myelography Patient-controlled analgesia
Laser surgery Myocardial resection Pectus excavatum repair
Laxatives Myomectomy Pediatric concerns
Leg lengthening/shortening Myringotomy and ear tubes Pediatric surgery
GALE ENCYCLOPEDIA OF SURGERY ix
s Pelvic ultrasound Rhinoplasty Surgical instruments
e
tri Penile prostheses Rhizotomy Surgical oncology
n
f E Pericardiocentesis Robot-assisted surgery Surgical team
o
t Peripheral endarterectomy Root canal treatment Sympathectomy
s
Li Peripheral vascular bypass surgery Rotator cuff repair Syringe and needle
Peritoneovenous shunt
Phacoemulsification for cataracts
Pharyngectomy
Phlebography S T
Phlebotomy
Sacral nerve stimulation Talking to the doctor
Photocoagulation therapy
Salpingo-oophorectomy Tarsorrhaphy
Photorefractive keratectomy (PRK)
Salpingostomy Telesurgery
Physical examination
Planning a hospital stay Scar revision surgery Tendon repair
Plastic,reconstructive,and Scleral buckling Tenotomy
cosmetic surgery Sclerostomy Tetracyclines
Pneumonectomy Sclerotherapy for esophageal Thermometer
Portal vein bypass varices Thoracic surgery
Positron emission tomography (PET) Sclerotherapy for varicose veins Thoracotomy
Post-surgical pain Scopolamine patch Thrombolytic therapy
Postoperative care Second opinion Thyroidectomy
Power of attorney Second-look surgery Tonsillectomy
Preoperative care Sedation,conscious Tooth extraction
Preparing for surgery Segmentectomy Tooth replantation
Presurgical testing Sentinel lymph node biopsy Trabeculectomy
Private insurance plans Septoplasty Tracheotomy
Prophylaxis,antibiotic Sex reassignment surgery Traction
Pulse oximeter Shoulder joint replacement Transfusion
Pyloroplasty Shoulder resection arthroplasty Transplant surgery
Transurethral bladder resection
Sigmoidoscopy
Transurethral resection of the
Simple mastectomy
prostate
Skin grafting
Q Tubal ligation
Skull x rays
Tube enterostomy
Sling procedure
Quadrantectomy Tube-shunt surgery
Small bowel resection
Tumor marker tests
Smoking cessation
Tumor removal
Snoring surgery
Tympanoplasty
Sphygmomanometer
R Type and screen
Spinal fusion
Radical neck dissection Spinal instrumentation
Recovery at home Spirometry tests
Recovery room Splenectomy U
Rectal prolapse repair Stapedectomy
Rectal resection Stereotactic radiosurgery Umbilical hernia repair
Red blood cell indices Stethoscope Upper GI exam
Reoperation Stitches and staples Ureteral stenting
Retinal cryopexy Stress test Ureterosigmoidoscopy
Retropubic suspension Sulfonamides Ureterostomy,cutaneous
x GALE ENCYCLOPEDIA OF SURGERY
Urinalysis Vagotomy L
Urinary anti-infectives Vascular surgery W ist o
f
Urologic surgery Vasectomy E
Webbed finger or toe repair n
Vasovasostomy t
Uterine stimulants r
Weight management ie
Vein ligation and stripping s
Venous thrombosis prevention White blood cell count and
differential
Ventricular assist device
Wound care
V Ventricular shunt
Vertical banded gastroplasty Wound culture
Vagal nerve stimulation Vital signs Wrist replacement
GALE ENCYCLOPEDIA OF SURGERY xi