The Expressive Notation Package (dissertation)

134 Pages·5.857 MB·English

by  Kuuskankarr Mika.

Mika Kuuskankare
T E N P
HE XPRESSIVE OTATION ACKAGE
A final report in the Development Study Pro-
grammesubmittedinpartialfulfillmentofthere-
quirementsforthedegreeofDoctorofMusic
DocMus –
Department of Doctoral Studies in Musical Performance and Research
Sibelius Academy
Helsinki, Finland
2006
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The Development Study Programme
Portfolio
ThisreportispartoftheportfoliorequiredfortheDevelopmentStudyProgrammefor
the degree of Doctor of Music. It consists of an introductory essay and seven peer-
reviewedarticles.
The portfolio comprises this report, a cross-platform music notation program—the
Expressive Notation Package, or ENP—conceived by the author, a Reference Manual,
andaninteractiveTutorialbothprovidedasapartoftheENPprogram.
ENP is primarily intended for composers and music analysts. It is meant to be
usedasanotationalfront-endinavisualprogramminglanguagecalledPWGL.PWGL,
in turn, is a cross-platform general-purpose visual programming language that the
author has co-developed in collaboration with Mikael Laurson (the lead developer)
and Vesa Norilo. ENP is distributed as a part of PWGL and can be downloaded at the
followingaddress: http://www.siba.fi/PWGL/downloads.html.
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Preface
Iwouldliketoexpressmygratitudetothefollowingpeople.
The members of my project advisory group: Professor Marcus Castre´n, Dr. Mikael
Laurson,andProfessorMattiKarjalainen.
Mysupervisor,ProfessorMarcusCastre´n,forconvincingmetobecomeadoctoralstu-
dent.
Dr. Mikael Laurson for essentially putting all this in motion about 15 years ago by
introducing me to Lisp. I would also like to thank him for his support and friendship
overtheyears.
The pre-examiners of my portfolio, Professor Roger B. Dannenberg and Dr. Jean-
BaptisteBarrie`re,fortheirinvaluableinsightsandcomments.
Dr. Annikka Konttori-Gustafsson, the wise and lovely leader of the DocMus Depart-
ment,forhergraciousattitudetowardsmywork.
My dear friend, the saxophone artist Olli-Pekka Tuomisalo, for his extraordinarily un-
complicatedfriendship,andforthesharedenthusiasmforhighfrequencies.
ThecomposerKimmoKuitunenforsharinghisinsightfulknowledgeandunderstand-
ingofmusic,andalsoforhispersistenceinlearningaboutENP.
The Boston Promenade Big Band for providing a good home for the out-of-tune-too-
high-too-loudnotesthatIcangeneratewithmytrumpet. Thewave-guidemodelison
theway...
The Sibelius Academy Innovation Centre for the four-year postgraduate funding that
enabledmetocarryoutmyresearch.
JoanNordlundforcheckingthelanguage.
Last, but definitely not least, I wish to thank my mother, who has supported me in
manydifferentwaysovertheyears.
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Contents
ListofPublications 9
I Introductory Essay 11
1 Introduction 13
1.1 Background . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13
1.2 OverviewofENP . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15
1.3 ENPApplications . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17
1.4 TheENPProject . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 22
1.5 TheScopeofthisReport . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 27
1.6 TheContentsofthisReport . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 28
1.7 TheStructureofthisReport . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 29
1.8 ANoteonTerminology . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 29
2 SupplementaryExamples 31
2.1 Notation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 31
2.1.1 ModernNotation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 31
2.1.2 OrchestralNotation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 34
2.1.3 TapeNotation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 35
2.1.4 MusicAnalyticalNotation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 36
2.2 ENP-Expressions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 37
2.2.1 Lyrics . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 38
2.2.2 DynamicExpressions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 39
2.2.3 ExpressionsContainingBreak-pointFunctions . . . . . . . . . . . 41
2.2.4 Instrument-sensitiveExpressions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 42
2.2.5 Auto-canceledExpressions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 42
2.3 ENP-Script . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 43
2.3.1 InputShortcut . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 44
2.3.2 InputtingRhythm . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 46
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2.3.3 ScoreManipulation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 48
2.3.4 AnalysisandVisualization . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 51
3 Conclusions 55
3.1 Summary . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 55
3.2 FutureDirections . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 56
3.2.1 Short-termEnhancements . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 56
3.2.2 NewAvenuesofResearch . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 58
4 ASummaryofthePublications 61
References 63
II Publications 71
Publication[P1] 77
Publication[P2] 91
Publication[P3] 97
Publication[P4] 102
Publication[P5] 113
Publication[P6] 121
Publication[P7] 126
List of Publications
The report consists of an introductory essay and the following seven articles referred
to as [P1]–[P7]. [P2]–[P7] are verbatim copies of the publishedarticles, [P1] is attached
asarevisedmanuscript.
[P1] M.KuuskankareandM.Laurson. ExpressiveNotationPackage. ComputerMusic
Journal,30(4):67–79,Winter2006. (inpress;attachedasamanuscript).
[P2] M. Kuuskankare and M. Laurson. Annotating Musical Scores in ENP. In Inter-
nationalSymposiumonMusicInformationRetrieval,London,UK,2005.
[P3] M. Kuuskankare and M. Laurson. Intelligent Scripting in ENP using PWCon-
straints. InProceedingsofInternationalComputerMusicConference,pages684–687,
Miami,USA,2004.
[P4] M. Laurson and M. Kuuskankare. From RTM-notation to ENP-score-notation.
InJourne´esd’InformatiqueMusicale,Montbe´liard,France,2003.
[P5] M. Kuuskankare and M. Laurson. Recent Developments in ENP-score-notation.
InSoundandMusicComputing’04,Paris,France,2004.
[P6] M. Kuuskankare and M. Laurson. ENP Expression Designer - a Visual Tool for
CreatingUserDefinableExpressions. InInternationalComputerMusicConference,
pages307–310,Barcelona,Spain,2005.
[P7] M. Kuuskankare and M. Laurson. ENP Note Head Designer. In Journe´es
d’InformatiqueMusicale,Paris,France,2005.
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