Table Of ContentT E D
HE UROPA IRECTORY OF
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N T E R N A T I O N A L
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R G A N I Z A T I O N S
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T E D
HE UROPA IRECTORY OF
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N T E R N A T I O N A L
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R G A N I Z A T I O N S
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24th EDITION
24th edition published 2022
by Routledge
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and by Routledge
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Routledge is an imprint of the Taylor & Francis Group, an informa business
# 2022 Routledge
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without permission in writing from the publishers.
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used only for identification and explanation without intent to infringe.
First published 1999
ISBN: 978-1-032-27392-1 (hbk)
978-1-003-29254-8 (ebk)
ISSN: 1465-4628
DOI: 10.4324/9781003292548
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by Data Standards Limited, Frome, Somerset
Editor: Helen Canton
Contributing Editors: Imogen Gladman (EU), Catriona Holman
Senior Publisher: Juliet Love
Directory Editorial Team: Surabhi Srivastava (Team Manager), Aditi Kapoor (Team Leader), Richa Chhabra (Editorial Researcher)
Biographical Reference: Shubha Banerjee (Team Leader), Kushboo Kumar (Editorial Researcher)
The Publishers make no representation, express or implied, with regard to the accuracy of the information contained in this book
and cannot accept any legal responsibility for any errors or omissions that may take place.
FOREWORD
THE EUROPA DIRECTORY OF INTERNATIONAL ORGANIZATIONS is an invaluable guide
to the contemporary international system. It has been extensively researched and
updated for this 24th edition.
At mid-2022 the far-reaching environmental, geopolitical and economic crises
facing the international community, in a world emerging from a global pandemic,
seem unparalleled. International organizations and a functioning multilateral
system have a critical role in addressing such interconnected challenges and an
understanding of their contribution is essential.
Part One of this publication, providing background information, includes a
unique chronology charting the evolution of intergovernmental collaboration.
Introductory essays, written by experts in their fields, provide further context to the
workings and structure of international organizations, multilateral co-operation
with regard to health and environmental challenges, the governance of migration,
transboundary water management, and, newly commissioned for this edition, the
Sustainable Development Goals.
Part Two covers, in depth, the United Nations—the world’s largest intergovern
mental body. All of its major offices, programmes, specialized agencies and related
organizations are given separate entries detailing their structure, objectives and
recent activities. Similar information is provided, in Part Three, for other major
international and regional organizations. While these bodies do not operate in
isolation, and there is increasing collaboration between them, the structured
approach of these principal sections is intended to provide the reader with a clear
and consistent overview of each organization.
Briefer details of more than 1,000 other organizations appear in Part Four,
where, for ease of reference, they are listed according to main area of activity. There
is a comprehensive index of all organizations and key groupings at the back of the
volume.
Several articles incorporate the text of an organization’s founding treaty or other
significant document that shaped its future structure and objectives. Other
important international treaties are positioned so as to be of most interest or use
to the reader; usually this is where an organization has been actively involved in its
formulation, even if not bearing any legal responsibility for its implementation or
supervision. Separately documented are unique lists of key resolutions adopted by
the UN General Assembly and Security Council, which aim to place the activities
and development of these bodies, in particular the UN’s peacekeeping and
peacebuilding role, within a broader context.
The book concludes, in Part Five, with a Who’s Who section, providing
biographical information on the principal officers and other key personalities in
the international community.
All the information in this publication has been extensively researched and
verified. The editors are most grateful to those organizations and individuals that
have provided information for this edition, and to the contributors for their articles
and advice.
June 2022
v
ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS
The reproduction of texts of international treaties, founding documents and
intergovernmental declarations is gratefully acknowledged.
The editors also wish to thank the many individuals and organizations whose
interest and co-operation helped in the preparation of this publication, and all
those who have replied to Europa’s questionnaires. Their generous assistance is
recognized as being invaluable in presenting consistently accurate and
up-to-date material.
vi
CONTENTS
Abbreviations Page ix
United Nations Conference on Trade and
International Telephone Codes xiii
Development—UNCTAD Page 177
United Nations Development Coordination Office 181
United Nations Development Programme—UNDP 183
Funds and Programmes 188
United Nations Entity for Gender Equality and
PART ONE
the Empowerment of Women—UN Women 189
Background Information
United Nations Environment Programme—UNEP 193
Associated Bodies 199
Multilateral Co-operation and Global Governance: The Evolution The Rio Conventions 201
of International Organizations Other Biodiversity-related Conventions 203
Zorzeta Bakaki 3 United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees—UNHCR 220
Global Environmental Governance United Nations Human Settlements Programme—UN-Habitat 240
Kate O’Neill 7 United Nations Office for Disarmament Affairs—UNODA 244
The Sustainable Development Goals: Past, Present and Future United Nations Office for Outer Space Affairs—UNOOSA 247
Taylor Hanna, Jonathan D. Moyer and Wondemneh Pawlose 13 United Nations Office on Drugs and Crime—UNODC 248
The Structure of Migration Governance United Nations Peacekeeping 252
Sarah P. Lockhart and Jeannette Money 18 Chronology of United Nations Peacekeeping Operations
Multilateral Governance and Global Action on Health and Observer Missions 269
Preslava Stoeva 24 United Nations Political Missions and Peacebuilding 274
Transboundary Water Management: Conflict and Co-operation Special Appointments of the UN Secretary-General
Joanne Yao 29 Concerned with His Good Offices and with Peacebuilding 293
The Development of International Organizations: A Chronology 34 United Nations Population Fund—UNFPA 293
International Observances 42 United Nations Relief and Works Agency for Palestine Refugees
in the Near East—UNRWA 296
United Nations Training and Research Institutes 300
World Food Programme—WFP 302
PART TWO
Specialized Agencies and Related Organizations within the UN System
The United Nations
Food and Agriculture Organization of the United
Nations—FAO 307
General Information, Membership and Principal Organs
International Atomic Energy Agency—IAEA 316
Members 47
International Bank for Reconstruction and Development—
Diplomatic Representation 48
IBRD—World Bank 325
Permanent Missions 48
International Development Association—IDA 331
Observers 54
International Finance Corporation—IFC 333
Information Centres/Services 55
Multilateral Investment Guarantee Agency—MIGA 335
Conferences 57
International Civil Aviation Organization—ICAO 336
System-wide Coherence 57
International Fund for Agricultural Development—IFAD 340
Inter-Agency Bodies and Programmes 57
International Labour Organization—ILO 343
Finance 58
International Maritime Organization—IMO 349
Publications 59
International Monetary Fund—IMF 353
Secretariat 59
International Organization for Migration—IOM 360
Other Special High Level Appointments of the Secretary-
International Telecommunication Union—ITU 365
General 61
United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural
General Assembly 62
Organization—UNESCO 369
Resolutions 64
United Nations Industrial Development Organization—
Security Council 70
UNIDO 375
International Tribunals 77
Universal Postal Union—UPU 378
Resolutions 77
World Health Organization—WHO 380
Trusteeship Council 122
World Intellectual Property Organization—WIPO 395
Economic and Social Council—ECOSOC 123
World Meteorological Organization—WMO 399
International Court of Justice 124
World Tourism Organization—UNWTO 404
World Trade Organization—WTO 408
United Nations Fundamental Treaties
Charter of the United Nations 127
Universal Declaration of Human Rights 136
PA RT T H REE
United Nations Regional Commissions
Economic Commission for Europe—UNECE 138 Major Non-UN Organizations
Economic and Social Commission for Asia and the
Pacific—ESCAP 142 African Development Bank—AfDB 417
Economic Commission for Latin America and the African Union—AU 423
Caribbean—ECLAC 148 Andean Community—CAN 438
Economic Commission for Africa—ECA 151 Arab Fund for Economic and Social Development—AFESD 443
Economic and Social Commission for Western Asia—ESCWA 154 Arab Monetary Fund—AMF 444
Asia-Pacific Economic Cooperation—APEC 446
Other United Nations Bodies Asian Development Bank—ADB 453
Office for the Coordination of Humanitarian Affairs—OCHA 158 Asian Infrastructure Investment Bank—AIIB 458
Office of the United Nations High Commissioner for Human Association of Southeast Asian Nations—ASEAN 460
Rights—OHCHR 160 Bank for International Settlements—BIS 477
United Nations Children’s Fund—UNICEF 165 Caribbean Community—CARICOM 480
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CONTENTS
Central American Integration System—SICA Page 488
Southern African Development Community—SADC Page 762
Common Market for Eastern and Southern Africa—COMESA 494
Southern Common Market—MERCOSUR/MERCOSUL 769
The Commonwealth 498
World Council of Churches—WCC 773
Commonwealth of Independent States—CIS 508
World Federation of Trade Unions—WFTU 775
Cooperation Council for the Arab States of the Gulf—
GCC 514
Council of the Baltic Sea States—CBSS 520
Council of Europe 522
PART FOUR
Economic Community of West African States—ECOWAS 544
Other International Organizations
Economic Cooperation Organization—ECO 553
European Bank for Reconstruction and Development—EBRD 555
Listed by subject
European Space Agency—ESA 560
European Union—EU 563
Agriculture, Food, Forestry and Fisheries 779
Franc Zone 617
Arts and Culture 784
Inter-American Development Bank—IDB 619
Commodities 787
Intergovernmental Authority on Development—IGAD 623
Economic and Sustainable Development Co-operation 790
International Chamber of Commerce—ICC 629
Economics and Finance 800
International Criminal Court—ICC 633
Education 806
Hybrid International Criminal Courts 637
Environment and Energy 810
International Olympic Committee—IOC 641
Governance and Security 816
International Red Cross and Red Crescent Movement 644
Industrial and Professional Relations 828
International Committee of the Red Cross—ICRC 644
Law 829
International Federation of Red Cross and Red Crescent
Medicine and Health 833
Societies 647
Posts and Telecommunications 841
International Seabed Authority—ISA 656
Press, Radio and Television 842
International Trade Union Confederation—ITUC 658
Religion 844
Inter-Parliamentary Union—IPU 661
Science 847
Islamic Development Bank—IsDB 665
Social Sciences 855
Latin American Integration Association—LAIA 668
Social Welfare and Human Rights 859
League of Arab States 670
Sport and Recreations 864
North Atlantic Treaty Organization—NATO 680
Technology 868
Organisation for Economic Co-operation and
Tourism 872
Development—OECD 694
Trade and Industry 873
International Energy Agency—IEA 701
Transport 879
OECD Nuclear Energy Agency—NEA 703
Youth and Students 882
Organization for Security and Co-operation in Europe—OSCE 704
Organization of American States—OAS 718
Organization of Arab Petroleum Exporting Countries—OAPEC 731
Organization of the Black Sea Economic Cooperation—BSEC 733
PART FIVE
Organization of Islamic Cooperation—OIC 736
Who’s Who in International Organizations
Organization of the Petroleum Exporting Countries—OPEC 744
OPEC Fund for International Development 748
Pacific Community 750
Who’s Who 887
Pacific Islands Forum 754
South Asian Association for Regional Cooperation—SAARC 759
Index of organizations 913
viii
ABBREVIATIONS
Abog. Abogado (Lawyer) CET common external tariff
Acad. Academician; Academy CFA Communaute´ Financie´re Africaine; Co-ope´ration Financie´re
ACP African, Caribbean and Pacific (countries) en Afrique centrale
ADB Asian Development Bank CFE Treaty on Conventional Armed Forces in Europe
Adm. Admiral CFP Common Fisheries Policy; Communaute´ franc¸aise du
admin. administration Pacifique; Comptoirs franc¸ais du Pacifique
AEC African Economic Community; African Economic Conference CFSP Common Foreign and Security Policy
AfCFTA African Continental Free Trade Area CGAP Consultative Group to Assist the Poorest
AfDB African Development Bank CGIAR Consultative Group on International Agricultural Research
AFESD Arab Fund for Economic and Social Development Chair. Chairman/person/woman
AFTA ASEAN Free Trade Area CHOGM Commonwealth Heads of Government Meeting
AH anno Hegirae Cia Companhia
a.i. ad interim C´ıa Compan˜´ıa
AIA ASEAN Investment Area Cie Compagnie
AIDS acquired immunodeficiency syndrome C-in-C Commander-in-Chief
AIIB Asian Infrastructure Investment Bank circ. circulation
Al. Aleja (Alley, Avenue) CIS Commonwealth of Independent States
ALADI Asociacio´n Latinoamericana de Integracio´n CJTF Combined Joint Task Force
Alt. Alternate cm centimetre(s)
amalg. amalgamated CMAG Commonwealth Ministerial Action Group on the Harare
AMISOM African Union Mission in Somalia Declaration
Apdo Apartado (Post Box) cnr corner
APEC Asia-Pacific Economic Cooperation c/o care of
approx. approximately Co Company; County
Apt Apartment CoI Commission of Inquiry
APT ASEAN Plus Three Col Colonel
ARV advanced retroviral Coll. College
ASEAN Association of Southeast Asian Nations COMESA Common Market for Eastern and Southern Africa
ASEM Asia-Europe Meeting Comm. Commission; Commendatore
asscn association Commdr Commander
assoc. associate Commdt Commandant
asst assistant Commr Commissioner
ATMIS African Union Transition Mission in Somalia Confed. Confederation
AU African Union confs conferences
AUDA- African Union Development Agency Cont. Contador (Accountant)
NEPAD COO Chief Operating Officer
Aug. August COP Conference of (the) Parties
auth. authorized Corpn Corporation
av., Ave Avenija, Avenue COVAX COVID-19 Vaccines Global Access
Avda Avenida (Avenue) COVID Coronavirus disease
Avv. Avvocato (Lawyer) CP Case Postale; Caixa Postal; Casella Postale (Post Box)
CPTPP Comprehensive and Progressive Agreement for Trans-Pacific
Partnership
Bd Board Cres. Crescent
Bd, Bld, Blv., CSCE Conference on Security and Co-operation in Europe
Blvd Boulevard CSDP Common Security and Defence Policy
b/d barrels per day CTBT Comprehensive (Nuclear) Test Ban Treaty
BINUB United Nations Integrated Office in Burundi Cttee Committee
BINUCA United Nations Integrated Peacebuilding Office in the Central cu cubic
African Republic cwt hundredweight
BINUH United Nations Integrated Mission in Haiti
BIS Bank for International Settlements
Bldg Building
Bn battallion d.
daughter(s)
BNUB United Nations Office in Burundi DC
District of Columbia; Distrito Central
BP Boˆıte postale (Post Box) DDC
UNDP Drylands Development Centre
br.(s) branch(es) Dec.
December
Brig. Brigadier Del.
Delegacio´n; Delegate
bte boˆıte (box) Dem.
Democratic; Democrat
BSEC (Organization of the) Black Sea Economic Cooperation Dep.
Deputy
bul. bulvar (boulevard) dep.
deposits
Dept
Department
devt
development
c. circa; cuadra(s) (block(s)); child, children DF
Distrito Federal
CACM Central American Common Market Diag.
Diagonal
Cad. Caddesi (Street) Dir
Director
CAFTA-DR Dominican Republic-Central American Free Trade Div.
Division(al)
Agreement DN
Distrito Nacional
CAN Comunidad Andina Doc.
Docent
CAP Common Agricultural Policy; Consolidated Inter-agency DOMREP
Mission of the Representative of the Secretary-General in the
Appeal Process Dominican Republic
cap. capital DOTS direct observation treatment, short-course
Capt. Captain Dott. Dottore
CAR Central African Republic DPRK Democratic People’s Republic of Korea
CARICOM Caribbean Community Dr Doctor
CBSS Council of Baltic Sea States Dr. Drive
Cdre Commodore Dra Doctora
CEMAC Communaute´ Economique et Mone´taire de l’Afrique Centrale DRC Democratic Republic of the Congo
Cen. Central Drs Doctorandus
CEO Chief Executive Officer dwt dead weight tons
ix
