Table Of ContentThe EU in Southeast Asian Security
This book revealingly traces the ways in which third-party perceptions
of an international actor affect its agency in global affairs by using the
example of the European Union’s (EU) engagement in Southeast Asian
non-traditional security.
Utilising an innovative analytical framework emphasising the inter-
subjective nature of international actorness, it provides novel insights
into cooperation between the EU and the Association of Southeast Asian
Nations (ASEAN). The book covers fields such as counter-terrorism, disas
ter management, or maritime security affairs and emphasises the role that
ASEAN’s perceptions of the EU play in them. Based on rich empirical data
gained from multiple interviews in Europe and Southeast Asia, the author
uncovers the missing link between external perceptions of the EU and their
impact on joint EU-ASEAN endeavours in non-traditional security fields.
The book concludes by making some concrete recommendations to policy-
makers engaged in EU external relations and reminds us that “the other”
and its domestic context might be even more important in thinking about
international affairs than acknowledged thus far.
This book is of key interest to scholars, practitioners, and students of EU
foreign policy, EU-ASEAN affairs, EU-Asia relations, and more broadly of
EU studies, International Relations, regionalism, and interregionalism as
well as security studies.
Ronja Scheler is a Programme Director International Affairs with Körber-
Stiftung, Germany, and a Special Advisor to the Paris Peace Forum, France.
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Routledge Studies in European Foreign Policy
Series Editors:
Richard Whitman, University of Kent, UK, and
Richard Youngs, University of Warwick, UK
This series addresses the standard range of conceptual and theoretical ques
tions related to European foreign policy. At the same time, in response to the
intensity of new policy developments, it endeavours to ensure that it also has
a topical flavour, addressing the most important and evolving challenges to
European foreign policy, in a way that will be relevant to the policy-making
and think-tank communities.
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Laurence Cooley
The Proliferation of Privileged Partnerships between the European Union and
its Neighbours
Edited by Sieglinde Gstöhl and David Phinnemore
EU–Turkey Relations
Civil Society and Depoliticization
Özge Zihnioğlu
The Politics of the European Neighbourhood Policy
Agnieszka K. Cianciara
European Identities and Foreign Policy Discourses on Russia
From the Ukraine to the Syrian Crisis
Marco Siddi
The EU in Southeast Asian Security
The Role of External Perceptions
Ronja Scheler
For more information about this series, please visit: https://www.routledge.
com/Routledge-Studies-in-European-Foreign-Policy/book-series/RSEFP
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The EU in Southeast Asian
Security
The Role of External Perceptions
Ronja Scheler
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First published 2021
by Routledge
2 Park Square, Milton Park, Abingdon, Oxon OX14 4RN
and by Routledge
52 Vanderbilt Avenue, New York, NY 10017
Routledge is an imprint of the Taylor & Francis Group, an informa
business
© 2021 Ronja Scheler
The right of Ronja Scheler to be identified as author of this work
has been asserted by her in accordance with sections 77 and 78 of the
Copyright, Designs and Patents Act 1988.
All rights reserved. No part of this book may be reprinted or
reproduced or utilised in any form or by any electronic, mechanical,
or other means, now known or hereafter invented, including
photocopying and recording, or in any information storage or retrieval
system, without permission in writing from the publishers.
Trademark notice: Product or corporate names may be trademarks
or registered trademarks and are used only for identification and
explanation without intent to infringe.
British Library Cataloguing-in-Publication Data
A catalogue record for this book is available from the British Library
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A catalogue record has been requested for this book
ISBN: 978-0-367-62265-7 (hbk)
ISBN: 978-1-003-10867-2 (ebk)
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Meinen Eltern
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Contents
List of tables viii
List of figures ix
List of abbreviations x
1 Introduction: External perceptions, the EU-ASEAN
partnership, and non-traditional security 1
2 The concept: External perceptions and political
cooperation 16
3 The context: EU-ASEAN relations and non-traditional
security 42
4 The laggard: EU-ASEAN counter-terrorism cooperation 68
5 The poster child: EU-ASEAN disaster management
cooperation 105
6 The mixed image: EU-ASEAN maritime cooperation 137
7 Conclusion: External perceptions, domestic context,
and foreign policy cooperation 176
Acknowledgements 193
Appendices 194
Index 211
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List of tables
3.1 GDP growth rates in ASEAN member states 45
3.2 Overview of EU-ASEAN dialogue formats
(non-exhaustive) 50
3.3 EU development assistance to ASEAN member
states, 2007–2020 52
3.4 Overview of FTA and PCA with ASEAN member states 53
4.1 Groups in Southeast Asia pledging allegiance
or support to IS 72
5.1 ASEAN countries at relatively high mortality
risk from multiple hazards 107
5.2 Top ten natural disasters in Southeast Asia by
number of people killed 108
5.3 Overview of ARF DiREx, 2011–2015 125
6.1 Actual and attempted piracy attacks in
Southeast Asia, 2012–2017 141
6.2 Piracy attacks in the Gulf of Aden, the
Red Sea, and the Western Indian Ocean 152
7.1 Summary: EU potential actorness and actorness
in action in Southeast Asian NTS 177
7.2 Sensitivity of policy field and EU-ASEAN cooperation 183
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List of figures
2.1 Analytical framework of the book 29
3.1 Map of Southeast Asia 43
3.2 HDI of ASEAN member states 45
3.3 EU trade with ASEAN, 2007–2017 46
3.4 Regional groupings focused on ASEAN 47
4.1 Terrorist attacks per world region, 2000–2017 70
4.2 Terrorist attacks in Southeast Asia per year, 2000–2017 70
4.3 Foreign fighters by region 73
5.1 Number of natural disasters per continent, 2000–2017 106
6.1 Volume of crude oil and petroleum products
transported through world chokepoints and the
Cape of Good Hope, 2011–2016 139
6.2 Territorial claims in the South China Sea 145
7.1 Analytical framework for further research 187
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