The ETIM: China's Islamic Militants and the Global Terrorist Threat (PSI Guides to Terrorists, Insurgents, and Armed Groups)

256 Pages·2010·1.41 MB·English

by  J. Todd Reed

THE ETIM
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THE ETIM
China’s Islamic Militants and the Global
Terrorist Threat
J. Todd Reed and Diana Raschke
PSIGuidestoTerrorists,Insurgents,andArmedGroups
JamesJ.F.Forest,SeriesEditor
Copyright2010byJ.ToddReedandDianaRaschke
Allrightsreserved.Nopartofthispublicationmaybereproduced,storedina
retrievalsystem,ortransmitted,inanyformorbyanymeans,electronic,mechanical,
photocopying,recording,orotherwise,exceptfortheinclusionofbriefquotationsina
review,withoutpriorpermissioninwritingfromthepublisher.
LibraryofCongressCataloging-in-PublicationData
Reed,J.Todd.
TheETIM:China’sIslamicmilitantsandtheglobalterroristthreat/J.ToddReedand
DianaRaschke.
p.cm.— (PSIguidestoterrorists,insurgents,andarmedgroups)
Includesbibliographicalreferencesandindex.
ISBN978–0–313–36540–9(hardcopy:alk.paper)—ISBN978–0–313–36541–6
(ebook)
1. Terrorists—China.2. Uighur(Turkicpeople)—China.3. Muslims—China. I.
Raschke,Diana.II.Title.
HV6433.C552U357 2010
363.325089094323—dc22 2010000161
ISBN:978–0–313–36540–9
EISBN:978–0–313–36541–6
14 13 12 11 10 1 2 3 4 5
ThisbookisalsoavailableontheWorldWideWebasaneBook.
Visitwww.abc-clio.comfordetails.
Praeger
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ABC-CLIO,LLC
130CremonaDrive,P.O.Box1911
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Thisbookisprintedonacid-freepaper
ManufacturedintheUnitedStatesofAmerica
Contents
Preface vii
Acknowledgments ix
1. Introduction 1
2. TheContemporaryandHistoricalContextsofUyghurSeparatism 17
3. TheETIM’sOrigins,Evolution,Ideology,Rhetoric,andActivities 46
4. TheETIM’sTransnationalPresence 68
5. TheETIMandthePRC’sPoliticalAgenda 81
6. TheETIMandU.S.Policy 98
AppendixA:UyghurSeparatismTimeline 113
AppendixB:PRCNewsReleasesabouttheETIM 117
AppendixC:ETIMMemberBiographies 161
Notes 177
Bibliography 213
Index 239
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Preface
This is the first book to focus specifically on the East Turkistan Islamic
Movement (ETIM). Our intended audience is broad and includes anyone
interested in China or counterterrorism, particularly members of the U.S.
defenseandintelligencecommunities.
Ourbackgroundsareinjournalism,Chinastudies,andcounterterrorism
analysis.WeexaminethephenomenonoftheETIMfromacounterterrorism
perspective,relyingprimarilyonmediaaccountsandgovernmentdocumen-
tation. Our book includes what we believe to be the most comprehensive
publishedopen-sourcelistofETIMattacksandmemberscompiledtodate.
This is not a book about the Uyghur ethnic group. Nor is this a book
about the territory known as Xinjiang and its long history, present-day
socialconditions,orrelatedChinesepolicy.Weaddressthosebroadtopics
and draw on the work of the scholars who analyze them only to provide
contextforourstudyoftheETIM.
Wedirecttheinterestedreaderto“TheXinjiangProject”formoreonthe
history, religion, demography, education, economics, ecology, and ethnic
identity issues related to northwest China. The Xinjiang Project’s authors
and their 2004 compilation volume Xinjiang: China’s Muslim Borderland
figureprominentlyinourbibliography.
—J.ToddReedandDianaRaschke
September2009
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Acknowledgments
The authors would like to thank Dr. James Forest for his encouragement
andexcellentadviceonthemanuscript;Dr.ElizabethRaschkeforheredit-
ing help; Camilo Geronimo, Brahim Elkamel, and Neil Westman for their
workintranslatingArabictoEnglish;andBascom“Dit”TalleyIII,Michael
Houck, and Liesl McNeal at Johns Hopkins University for facilitating our
accesstoresearchmaterials.