The End of Europe?: The Five Dilemmas of the European Union

237 Pages·2020·4.171 MB·English

by  Andreas Staab

The End of Europe?

The End of Europe?
The Five Dilemmas of
the European Union
Andreas Staab
LEXINGTON BOOKS
Lanham • Boulder • New York • London
Published by Lexington Books
An imprint of The Rowman & Littlefield Publishing Group, Inc.
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Copyright © 2021 The Rowman & Littlefield Publishing Group, Inc.
All rights reserved. No part of this book may be reproduced in any form or by any
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British Library Cataloguing in Publication Information Available
Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data
Names: Staab, Andreas, 1965- author.
Title: The end of Europe? : the five dilemmas of European integration / Andreas Staab.
Description: Lanham, Maryland : Lexington Books, 2020. | Includes bibliographical
references and index. | Summary: “The author argues that the European Union is
under threat of collapse and that new international policy must tackle migration, the
Euro, Brexit, and enlargement in order to avoid dissolution”—Provided by publisher.
Identifiers: LCCN 2020032667 (print) | LCCN 2020032668 (ebook) |
ISBN 9781793634238 (cloth) | ISBN 9781793634245 (epub)
Subjects: LCSH: European Union—Membership. | Populism—European Union
countries. | European Union countries—Politics and government—21st century. |
European Union countries—Economic integration. | European Union countries—
Emigration and immigration.
Classification: LCC JN30 .S699 2020 (print) | LCC JN30 (ebook) |
DDC 341.242/2—dc23
LC record available at https://lccn.loc.gov/2020032667
LC ebook record available at https://lccn.loc.gov/2020032668
∞ ™ The paper used in this publication meets the minimum requirements of American
National Standard for Information Sciences—Permanence of Paper for Printed Library
Materials, ANSI/NISO Z39.48-1992.
To my family
In the twentieth century, members of my family lived in places, which after
the occasional historical upheaval, now belong to the states of Brazil,
Germany, Israel, Italy, Libya, Poland, Russia, South Africa, Switzerland,
the United Kingdom, and the United States. Going back to the nineteenth
century, the Czech Republic, Lithuania, and Sweden also feature on this list.
The notion of the “Citizen of Nowhere” does not exist, as
the research of Norbert and Sergio has demonstrated.

Contents
List of Tables ix
Acknowledgments xi
Introduction 1
1 Populism 17
2 Economic and Monetary Union 49
3 Migration 85
4 Brexit 99
5 Enlargement 157
Conclusion 187
Postscript: COVID-19 199
Bibliography 205
Index 209
About the Author 221
vii

List of Tables
Table 1.1 Populist Parties in the EU: Share of Votes in National
Elections 27
Table 1.2 Results of Elections to the European Parliament, 2019 35
Table 1.3 Populist Parties in the EU: Share of Votes in Elections
to European Parliament 2019 37
Table 2.1 Economic Downturn in the EU: Selected Member States 51
Table 2.2 Timeline of the Debt Crisis in Greece 54
Table 2.3 Terms of the Third Bailout Package for Greece, July 2015 56
Table 2.4 Economic and Financial Data for Greece 2011–2018 57
Table 2.5 Timeline of the Eurozone Crisis 60
Table 2.6 Financial and Economic Data in Crisis-Hit EU
Countries, 2012 and 2018 65
Table 2.7 Youth Unemployment in Crisis-Hit EU Countries, 2007
and 2017 65
Table 3.1 Share of Non-Nationals in EU States, January 2017 86
Table 3.2 Migrant Arrivals into Europe, 2014–2018 89
Table 3.3 Migrant Deaths at Sea, 2014–2018 90
Table 4.1 Foreign-Born Population in EU Countries in 2016 110
Table 4.2 Results of the UK Referendum 115
Table 4.3 The First Phase of Brexit Negotiations: Key Points 131
Table 4.4 The Withdrawal Agreement (November 2018) 136
Table 4.5 Indicative Votes in the Houses of Parliament, March 2019 138
Table 4.6 Boris Johnson’s Deal (October 2019) 141
Table 5.1 Status of EU Affiliation by Country 158
Table 5.2 The Thirty-Five Chapters of Enlargement Negotiations 159
Table 5.3 GDP Per Capita in the EU and Candidate States, 2017 162
ix