The End of China’s Non-Intervention Policy in Africa

273 Pages·2019·2.88 MB·English

by  Obert Hodzi

CRITICAL STUDIES OF
THE ASIA-PACIFIC
SERIES EDITOR: MARK BEESON
The End of China’s
Non-Intervention Policy
in Africa
Obert Hodzi
Critical Studies of the Asia-Pacific
Series Editor
Mark Beeson
University of Western Australia
Crawley, WA, Australia
Critical Studies of the Asia Pacific showcases new research and scholarship
on what is arguably the most important region in the world in the twenty-
first century. The rise of China and the continuing strategic importance of
this dynamic economic area to the United States mean that the Asia-Pacific
will remain crucially important to policymakers and scholars alike. The
unifying theme of the series is a desire to publish the best theoretically-
informed, original research on the region. Titles in the series cover the
politics, economics and security of the region, as well as focusing on its
institutional processes, individual countries, issues and leaders.
More information about this series at
http://www.palgrave.com/gp/series/14940
Obert Hodzi
The End of China’s
Non-Intervention
Policy in Africa
Obert Hodzi
Department of World Cultures
University of Helsinki
Helsinki, Finland
Critical Studies of the Asia-Pacific
ISBN 978-3-319-97348-7 ISBN 978-3-319-97349-4 (eBook)
https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-97349-4
Library of Congress Control Number: 2018954929
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C
ontents
1 Rising Powers and Intervention in Foreign Intrastate
Armed Conflicts 1
2 Bringing China into the Foreign Intervention Discourse 39
3 Cyclical Patterns of China’s Intervention Policy 67
4 Libya 101
5 Mali 141
6 South Sudan 169
7 Conclusion: Trends and Patterns of China’s Intervention
in Africa 209
Bibliography 239
Index 263
v
A
bbreviAtions
AAA Addis Ababa Agreement
ACD Armed Conflict Dataset
AFISMA The African-led International Support Mission to Mali
AQIM Al-Qaida in the Islamic Maghreb
ATNM Alliance Touareg Niger-Mali (Niger-Mali Tuareg Alliance)
AU African Union
CCCC China Communications Construction Company
CCTV China Central Television
CMLN Comité Militaire de Libération Nationale (Military Committee
of National Liberation)
CNOOC China National Offshore Oil Company
CNPC China National Petroleum Company
CNRDR Comité national pour le redressement de la démocratie et la
restauration de l’État (National Committee for the Return of
Democracy and the Restoration of the State)
COW Correlates of War project
CPA Comprehensive Peace Agreement
CPC Communist Party of China
DPOC Dar Petroleum Operating Company
ECOWAS Economic Community of West African States
EIA US Energy Information Administration
EU European Union
FNLA Frente Nacional de Libertação de Angola (National Front for
the Liberation of Angola)
FOCAC Forum on China-Africa Cooperation
FPLA Tuareg Front Populaire pour la Libération de l’Azaoud (Tuareg
Front for the Liberation of Azawad)
vii
viii ABBREVIATIONS
FRELIMO Frente de Libertação de Moçambique (Mozambique Liberation
Front)
GDP Gross Domestic Product
GNI Gross National Income
GNPOC Greater Nile Petroleum Operating Company
ICJ International Court of Justice
IGAD Intergovernmental Authority on Development
IOs International Organisations
MENA Middle East and North Africa
MINUSMA United Nations Multidimensional Integrated Stabilization
Mission in Mali
MNLA Mouvement National pour la liberation de l’Azawad (National
Movement for the Liberation of Azawad)
MOFCOM Ministry of Commerce (People’s Republic of China)
MPA Mouvement Populaire de l’Azaouad (Popular Movement of
Azawad)
MPLA Movimento Popular de Libertação de Angola (Popular
Movement for the Liberation of Angola)
MUJAO Mouvement pour l’unicité et le jihad en Afrique de l’Ouest
(Movement for Oneness and Jihad in West Africa)
NAM Non-Aligned Movement
NATO North Atlantic Treaty Organisation
NCP National Congress Party
NOC Libyan National Oil Corporation
NOCs National Oil Companies
NORINCO China North Industries Corporation
NTC National Transitional Council
ODI Outward Foreign Investment
PDOC Petrodar Operating Company
PLA People’s Liberation Army
PPP Purchasing Power Parity
PRC People’s Republic of China
PRIO Peace Research Institute Oslo
R2P Responsibility to Protect
ROs Regional Organisations
SAF Sudan Armed Forces
SINOMACH China National Machinery Industry Corporation
SPLA Sudan People’s Liberation Army
SPLM Sudan People’s Liberation Movement
SPLM/A Sudan People’s Liberation Movement/Army
SPLM/A-IO Sudan People’s Liberation Movement-in-Opposition
SPLMU Sudan People’s Liberation Movement United
ABBREVIATIONS ix
TAZARA Tanzania Zambia Railway Authority
UCDP Uppsala Conflict Data Program
UDPM Union Démocratique du Peuple Malien (Malian People’s
Democratic Union)
UN United Nations
UNAMIS United Nations Advance Mission in the Sudan
UNITA União Nacional para a Independência Total de Angola
(National Union for the Total Independence of Angola)
UNMISS United Nations Mission in South Sudan
UNSC United Nations Security Council
ZANLA Zimbabwe African National Liberation Army
ZANU Zimbabwe African National Union
ZAPU Zimbabwe African People’s Union
ZIPRA Zimbabwe People’s Revolutionary Army
L f
ist of igures
Fig. 1.1 China’s high-technology exports, 2000–2012 8
Fig. 1.2 Intrastate armed conflicts in Africa, 2000–2013 16
Fig. 1.3 China’s imports from Libya, Mali, Sudan (North + South) and
South Sudan (Unit: US$ thousand) 20
Fig. 1.4 China’s exports to Libya, Mali, Sudan (North + South) and
South Sudan (Unit: US$ thousand) 21
Fig. 4.1 Libya’s petroleum crude exports by destination (%), 2008–2013 108
Fig. 4.2 China’s petroleum crude imports from selected African
countries (%), 2008–2013 108
xi