The Effect of Culture and Religion on Enforcement of International Arbitration Awards in Iran

304 Pages·2017·9.92 MB·English

Golden Gate University School of Law
GGU Law Digital Commons
Theses and Dissertations Student Scholarship
4-2018
The Effect of Culture and Religion on Enforcement
of International Arbitration Awards in Iran
Atoosa Zeinali
Golden Gate University School of Law, [email protected]
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THE EFFECT OF CULTURE AND RELIGION ON ENFORCEMENT
OF
INTERNATIONAL ARBITRATION A WARDS IN IRAN
A Dissertation Submitted
To
The Committee of International Legal Studies
In
Candidacy for the Degree
Of
Scientiae Juridicae Doctor
Department of International Legal Studies
GOLDEN GATE UNIVERSITY
By
Atoosa Zeinali
San Francisco, California
April, 2018
Copyright
By
Atoosa Zeinali
2018
Golden Gate University
The Dissertation Committee for Atoosa Zeinali
Certifies that this is the Approved Version ofthe Following Dissertation:
The Effect of Culture and Religion on Enforcement
of
International Arbitration Awards in Iran
APPROVED BY
SUPERVISING COMMITTEE CHAIR:
Professor Dr. Arthur Gemmell
II
THE EFFECT OF CULTURE AND RELIGION ON ENFORCEMENT
OF
INTERNATIONAL ARBITRATION AWARDS IN IRAN
A Dissertation Submitted
To
The Committee of International Legal Studies
In
Candidacy for the Degree
Of
Scientiae Juridicae Doctor
Department of International Legal Studies
GOLDEN GATE UNIVERSITY
By
Atoosa Zeinali
San Francisco, California
April, 2018
Ill
Dissertation Committee
Professor Dr. A1ihur J. Gemmell
SJD (San Francisco)
Senior Fellow
Center for Advanced Legal Studies
Golden Gate University School ofLaw
IS!_ ________________________________________________ _
Professor Dr. Christian N. Okeke, (COH)
Doctor in de Rechtsgeleerdheid (Amsterdam)
Professor of International & Comparative Law;
Director,
L.L.M. and S.J.D. Programs;
Director Sompong Sucharitkhul Center
for
Advanced International Legal Studies,
-cr:J:k:::s:~ ~p-P! ~
(J-rdO!R
IS/
'
Professor Dr. Jiri Toman
JUDr (Prague), Ph.D(Geneva)
Professor at Law
Santa Clara University School of Law
IS/_ ______________________________________________
IV
v
TITLE
THE EFFECT OF CULTURE AND RELIGION ON ENFORCEMENT
OF
INTERNATIONAL ARBITRATION AWARDS IN IRAN
VI
Acknowledgment:
I would like to dedicate this dissertation to the most exquisite law, the one that brings nations
together. To my mentors in academia, spirit and life, without whom this wouldn't be, but a
figment of imagination. To my immensely valued tutors, ProfDr. Christian N. Okeke, Prof. Dr.
Arthur Gemmell and Prof. Dr. Jiri Toman, who were my instructors throughout this work. To
the authors and conditioners of my life, my parents, Ali and Ehteram, siblings Bahram, Salar
and Mahsa. To my husband Alireza, who went above and beyond to pave the road I chose to
walk on. To the joy of my life, my Daniel.
VII
Table of Contents:
Chapter I. Introduction
1. General Introduction ....................................................................................................................... 1
2. Islamic Rule of Sharia ..................................................................................................................... 7
3. Commercial Arbitration under the Rule of Sharia ...................................................................... 9
4. Why Iran? ......................................................................................................................................... 10
Chapter II. Enforcement and Annulment oflnternational Arbitration Awards
1. Enforcement of International Arbitration Awards ...................................................................... 15
1.1 International Documents ................................................................................................................ 15
1.2 National Legal Systems ................................................................................................................... 17
1.2.1 Civil Law Countries ................................................................................................................. 17
1.2.1.1 Germany ......................................................................................................................... 19
1.2.1.2 Spain 20
1.2.1.3 Italy ................................................................................................................................. 21
1.2.1.4 Sweden ............................................................................................................................ 23
1.2.1.5 Latin American Countries ............................................................................................ 25
1.2.2 Common Law Countries ........................................................................................................ 26
1.2.3 Arabic Countries ..................................................................................................................... 29
2. Enforcement of Awards in The Countries Other Than Country of Origin When There is a
Convention ..................................................................................................................................................... 33
2.1 Geneva Convention 1927 ................................................................................................................ 33
2.2 New York Convention 1958 ............................................................................................................ 36
2.3 European Convention 1961 ............................................................................................................. 38
2.4 Washington Convention 1965 ......................................................................................................... 43
2.5 Moscow Convention 1972 ................................................................................................................ 46
2.6 Panama Convention 1975 ................................................................................................................ 47
2.7 Convention Between Arabic Countt·ies ..... ,. ................................................................................... 50
2.8 Treaty Concerning the Harmonization of Business Law in Aft·ica 1993 .................................... 51
2.9 UNCITRAL .......................................................... , ........................................................................... 53
3 Judicial interference in International Arbitration Awards ................................................................ 57
4 New York Convention ............................................................................................................................ 64
vii