The Directory of Museums & Living Displays

1067 Pages·1985·241.89 MB·English

by  Ann Nicholls (auth.)

Courtauld
Institute Galleries
London
Art collections of the University ofLondon:
Princes Gate Collection of
Old Master paintings and drawings
Samuel Courtauld.Collection of
Impressionist and
Post-Impressionist paintings
The Lee, Gambier-Parry and Fry Collections
ofpaintings and drawings and the
Witt and Spooner Collections NATIONAL PORTRAIT
ofdrawings may be seen by appointment
GAllERY GAllERY
The Mound, Edinburgh. Queen Street, Edinburgh.
Hours: Monday-Saturday 10-5, Sundays 2-5 European Painting from Scottish history through
Closed: Bank Holidays, Easter, Christmas the 14th to 19th Centuries; portraits; Print Room and
and Print Room. reference section.
Admission: Adults £1.50. OAPs, students, children 75p.
Terms for parties by arrangement. A T T 'VRi\!01] For further Information contact
G~ .1 l' Department of Education and
THE COURTAULD INSTITUTE GALLERIES I]RNART Information
UNIVERSITY OF LONDON MOOU National Galleries of Scotland.
WOBURN SQUARE, LONDON WCIH OAA. Belford Road, Edinburgh. The Mound, Edlnburvh EH2 2EL.
TEL: [phone] OR 01-636 2095. 20th Century painting, [phone]
sculpture and graphic art.
Specialist joinery and
display contractors
to museums throughout
the United Kingdom.
Yourenquiries are
welcome for single purpose
made showcases or complete
exhibitions temporary
or permanent.
TPS-IDGINGTON LIMITED
Exhibition House
Security medal showcase as supplied to Warren Lane Woolwich
The Royal Marines Museum. London SE18 6BW
The Royal Artillery Medal Collection.
Telephone 01· 855 9201
Fleet Air Arm Museum.
Design Richard Daynes FSIAD Telex 896152
THE DIRECTORYOF
MUSEUMS
&LIVING DISPLAYS
Third Edition
Also by Kenneth Hudson
A Social History ofMuseums
The Good Museums Guide
The Shell Guide to Country Museums
Museums for the 1980s
ICOM shall recognise as a museum any permanent institution
which conserves and displays, for purposes of study, educa-
tion and enjoyment, collections of objects of cultural or
scientific significance .
International Council of Museums, Statutes, 1969
The word 'museum' here denotes any permanent establish-
ment, administered in the general interest, for the purpose of
preserving, studying, enhancing by various means and in
particular, of exhibiting to the public for its delectation and
instruction groups of objects and specimens of cultural value .
Museums in Japan, Japanese National Comm ission
for UNESCO, 1960
A museum is defined as an organised and permanent non-
profit institution, essentially education or aesthetic in purpose,
with professional staff, which owns and utilises tangible
objects, cares for them and exhibits them to the public on
some regular schedule.
The American Association of Museums, Museums
Accreditation: Professional Standards, 1973
A museum is an institution which collects, documents, preserves,
exhibits and interprets material evidence and associated
information for the public benefit.
Museums Association, London, 1980
MUSEUM. A repository of learned curiosities.
Samuel Johnson, A Dictionary
of the English Language, 1755
THE DIRECTORYOF
USEU S
&LIVING DISPLAYS
Kenneth Hudson and Ann Nicholls
I Third Edition I
M
TOCKTON
S PRE 5 5
© Kenneth Hudson and Ann Nicholls, 1975, 1981, 1985
Softcover reprint of the hardcover 1 st edit1io9n8 5 978-0-333-36265-5
All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced,
or transmitted, in any form or by any means, without permission.
First edition 1975, Second edition 1981,
Third edition first published in the United Kingdom by
MACMILLAN PUBLISHERS LTD (Journals Division), 1985
Distributed by Globe Book Services Ltd
Brunei Road, Houndmills, Basingstoke:
Hampshire RG21 2XS, England
British Library Cataloguing in Publication Data
Directory of museums and living displays.--3rd ed.
1. Museums--Directories
I. Hudson, Kenneth II. Nicholls, Ann
III. Directory of Museums
069'.025 AMI
ISBN 978-1-349-07016-9 ISBN 978-1-349-07014-5 (eBook)
DOI 10.1007/978-1-349-07014-5
ISSN 0267-9698
Published in the United States and Canada by Stockton Press, 1985
15 East 26th Street, New York, N.Y. 10010, USA
Library of Congress Cataloguing in Publication Data
Hudson, Kenneth.
The directory of museums and living displays.
Bibliography: p.
1. Museums--Directories. 2. Botanical gardens--
Directories. 3. Zoological gardens--Directories.
4. Historic farms--Directories. I. Nicholls, Ann.
II. Title.
AMl.H78 1985 069'.025 85-9967
ISBN 978-0-943818-17-7
Typeset by Styleset Limited, Warminster, Wiltshire, England
Contents
Acknowledgements VB
Scope and Plan of the Work viii
A Note on Languages and Addresses IX
Museums in the Context of Population and National Income x
Glossary of Terms Used Xl
Museums and Living Displays arranged alphabetically by country 1-1047
Afghanistan 1 Czechoslavakia 178 Ireland 500
Albania 1 Denmark 195 Israel 504
Algeria 2 Dominican Republic 205 Italy 509
Angola 3 Ecuador 206 Ivory Coast 568
Argentina 3 Egypt, Arab Republic of 207 Jamaica 569
Australia 17 El Salvador 208 Japan 569
Austria 45 Equatorial Guinea 208 Jordan 594
Bahamas 68 Ethiopia 209 Kenya 594
Bahrain 69 Falkland Islands 209 Korea, Democratic People's
Bangladesh 69 Fiji 209 Republic of 595
Barbados 70 Finland 210 Korea, Republic of 595
Belgium 71 France 227 Kuwait 597
Benin 88 French Guiana 293 Laos 598
Bermuda 89 French Polynesia 293 Lebanon 598
Bhutan 89 Gabon 293 Lesotho 599
Bolivia 89 Germany, Democratic Republic of 293 Lesser Antilles 599
Botswana 90 German y, Federal Republic of 316 Liberia 599
Brazil 90 Ghana 392 Libyan Arab Republic 599
Brunei 104 Gibraltar 392 Liechtenstein 600
Bulgaria 105 Great Britain 392 Luxembourg 600
Burma 112 Greece 453 Madagascar 601
Burundi 112 Guadeloupe 464 Malawi 601
Cambodia 113 Guatemala 464 Malaysia 602
Cameroon 113 Guinea 465 Maldives, Republic of 603
Canada 114 Guinea-Bissau 466 Mali 603
Central African Republic 155 Guyana 466 Malta 603
Chad Republic 156 Haiti 466 Martinique 604
Chile 156 Honduras 466 Mauritania, Islamic Republic of 604
China , People's Republic 159 Hong Kong 467 Mauritius 604
China, Republic of (Taiwan) 170 Hungary 467 Mexico 605
Colombia 170 Iceland 481 Monaco 610
Congo , Popular Republic of 175 India 483 Mongolian People's Republic 610
Costa Rica 175 Indonesia 495 Morocco 610
Cuba 175 Iran, Islamic Republic of 498 Mozambique 611
Cyprus 177 Iraq 499 Namibia (South West Africa) 612
vi Contents
Nepal 612 Rwanda 709 Thail and 780
Netherlands 612 St. Helena 709 Togo 782
Netherlands Antilles 639 St. Pierre and Miquelon 709 Transkei 782
New Caledonia 639 San Marino, Republic of 709 Trindad and Tobago 782
New Zealand 639 SIlo Tome e Principe 710 Tunisia 783
Nicaragua 647 Saudi Arabia 710 Turkey 784
Niger 647 Senegal 710 Uganda 789
Nigeria 647 Seychelles 711 United Arab Emirates 790
Norway 648 Sierra Leone 711 USSR 790
Oman 660 Singapore 711 United States 814
Pakistan 660 Solomon Islands 712 Upper Volta 1024
Panama 662 Somalia 712 Uruguay 1024
Panama Canal Zone 662 South Africa, Republic of 712 Venezuela 1025
Papua New Guinea 662 Spain 721 Vietnam, Socialist Republic of 1026
Paraguay 663 Sri Lanka, Republic of 744 Yemen Arab Republic 1027
Peru 663 Sudan 745 Yemen, People 's Democratic
Philippines 665 Suriname 745 Republic of 1027
Poland 668 Swaziland 745 Yugoslavia 1028
Portugal 691 Sweden 746 Zaire, Republic of 1046
Qatar 697 Switzerland 757 Zambia 1046
Reunion 697 Syr ian Arab Republic 779 Zimb abwe 1047
Romania 698 Tanzania 779
Acknowledgements
It is unfortunately not possible to list the many people through- Ware has supplied us with details of the membership of the
out the world who have helped us by providing information Association of Independent Museums in Great Britain, and
and introductions. But we should like to assure them that all Sean Popplewell of the Irish Museums Trust has given us
their efforts have been greatly appreciated. guidance concerning the museums of the Republic of Ireland.
One or two special mentions must, however, be made. We Much valued help with the typing and checking of entries
have made considerable use of the ICOM Documentation has been provided by Pat Jefferies and Margaret Nicholls, and
Centre in Paris, where we have always been treated with great the friendliness, understanding and ingenuity of Paul Mahoney
kindness and efficiency. Friedrich Waidacher, Director of the and his colleagues at Styleset has allowed us to retain our
Steiermarkisches Landesmuseum Joanneum, Graz, Austria, sanity during the long, arduous and complicated process of
has been of much assistance to us in making contact with the converting an often discouraging mass of information into a
museums of Central and Eastern Europe. Without the co- substantial and usable work of reference.
operation of Goro Sugai we should have found ourselves in Finally, we should like to give prominence to the most gen-
some difficulties regarding the museums of Japan, and it is erous financial assistance given by Angelos and Niki Goulandris,
a pleasure to be able to thank him publicly for the time he of the Goulandris Natural History Museum, Kifissia, Greece,
devoted to assisting us. towards research for the Living Displays items contained in
We have made extensive use of all the available national the Directory . Without this support, we should have found
directories of museums, and in some cases enjoyed an interest- our task exceedingly difficult and perhaps impossible.
ing and fruitful correspondence with their compilers . Michael
Scope and Plan of the Work
The number of museums across the world increases by approxi- attempted - and it is far from easy, since motives are often
mately ten per cent every five years. Museums are, in fact, difficult to deduce and one has a duty to be tolerant and
one of the world's few growth industries. Their ability and charitable - to exclude institutions, such as most waxworks
willingness to breed appears to be largely unaffected by econ- and vintage car collections, which are run purely for profit,
omic recession and political upheaval. They are, directly and with no cultural aims at all.
indirectly, a significant field of employment and , in many This, the third edition of the Directory, contains one im-
countries, a much-appreciated source of income, derived from portant change . We have decided, for the first time, to include
the large number of tourists who visit them. what we are calling, for want of a better term, Living Displays
Museums are, in other words, by no means a fringe act ivity - the world's zoos, aquaria, botanical gardens and living-
and the size of the present volume is evidence that there are history farms. This has been done for two main reasons,
a great many of them. We have tracked down nearly 35,000 because the International Council of Museums accepts such
and have done our best to obtain adequate information about places as falling within its definition of a museum, and equally
them. The task has, inevitably, been much easier for some coun- because we could see no logical justification for keeping them
tries than for others. Years of war and revolution have made it out. The result is a volume which should be considerably more
extremely difficult to document and present situation in, for useful than its predecessors.
instance, Iran, the Lebanon and certain Central American The arrangement, as before, is alphabetical within coun-
countries with any confidence. There are one or two countries tries. After much heartsearching and consultation, we came to
too where no official list of the national museums has ever the conclusion that an index would serve no really useful
been published. The USSR is the outstanding example of such purpose and might even be confusing, since it would have to
a failure. But here as elsewhere we have done our best by be selective and could make only a subjective distinction
making use of a variety of official and unofficial sources and between important and unimportant collections. In a work of
we feel justified in claiming that, despite regrettable obstacles, this kind it is simply not possible to grade collections accord-
we have not missed a great deal. ing to merit and supposed merit, and we know very well that
The size and quality of a museum has not been important many curators and directors are in the habit of choosing half-
to us. Our business has been to list museums, not to assess or truth phrases which upgrade what they have in a highly
grade them. We have included any establishment which is flattering matter. 'Insects' become 'entomological collections',
regularly open to the public, whether by previous application a couple of old hand-guns become 'weapons', and one or two
or not, which has a permanent collection of some kind or a nineteenth-century dresses , 'costumes'.
coherent exhibition policy, and which has made some effort A fairly basic index would have occupied at least 300 pages
to present and interpret what is on display. With the informa- and, after discussing the matter with many people working
tion at our disposal - and not all museums, unfortunately, within the museum profession, we doubted very much that
tell the truth about themselves - we have rejected the country such an index would be widely used. It would have been largely
houses which do no more than open their doors, the tightly- window-dressing, and window-dressing on this scale is un-
sealed treasure-houses of the wealthy, and the art galleries reasonably expensive both for the customer and for the pub-
which possess nothing, but act as hosts to ad hoc and some- lisher. We came down against it and we have good reason to
times profitable exhibitions drawn from elsewhere. We have believe that our decision will find general support.