The Developing Person Through Childhood and Adolescence, 8th Edition

680 Pages·2008·32.21 MB·English

by  Kathleen Stassen Berger

The Developing Person
Through Childhood and Adolescence
Christian Pierrecaptures the essence of child development in her cover paintings. Discovery of a Bird’s Nest
(front cover) shows that to a child, life is expansive and bright; adults might see the nestlings as small and insignif-
icant and the sky as dark. The message of Sunset Together(back cover) is that children see life as best viewed
with anticipation and hope, in the company of a friend.
The Developing Person
Through Childhood and Adolescence
EIGHTH EDITION
Kathleen Stassen Berger
Bronx Community College
City University of New York
WORTH PUBLISHERS
Publisher: Catherine Woods
Executive Editor: Jessica Bayne
Developmental Editor: Cecilia Gardner, Tom Churchill
Marketing Manager: Amy Shefferd
Supplements and Media Editor: Sharon Merritt
Associate Managing Editor: Tracey Kuehn
Project Editor: Vivien Weiss
Art Director and Cover Designer: Barbara Reingold
Interior Designer: Lissi Sigillo
Layout Designer: Paul Lacy
Associate Designer: Lyndall Culbertson
Senior Illustration Coordinator: Bill Page
Illustrations: Todd Buck Illustration and TSI Graphics
Photo Manager: Christine Buese
Photo Researcher: Donna Ranieri, Vikii Wong
Production Manager: Barbara Anne Seixas
Composition: TSI Graphics
Printing and Binding: RR Donnelley
Cover Art: Christian Pierre, Discovery of a Bird’s Nest (front) and
Sunset Together (back)
Credit is given to the following sources for permission to use the photos indicated:
Library of Congress Control Number: 2008929725
Part Openers
Corbis, pp. vii, ix, xxx
ISBN-13: 978-1-4292-1647-0
Babystock/Jupiter Images, pp. vi, ix, x, 128, 217
ISBN-10: 1-4292-1647-6 Polka Dot Images/Jupiter Images, pp. vi, xi, 218, 307
ppbk. ISBN-13: 978-1-4292-2080-4 Nonstock/Jupiter Images, pp. vi, xi, 308, 403
Brand X Pictures/Jupiter Images, pp. vii, xii, 404, 503
ppbk. ISBN-10: 1-4292-2080-5
Chapter Openers
Tony Savino/The Image Works, pp. ix, 2
Shu-Tung-Unep/Peter Arnold, pp. ix, 36
© 2009, 2003, 1995, 1991, 1986, 1980 by Worth Publishers David M. Phillips/Photo Researchers, Inc., p. 64
Rick Gomez/Corbis, pp. x, 96
All rights reserved.
Marcus Mok/Jupiter Images, pp. x, 130, 217
BananaStock/Jupiter Images, pp. x, 160, 217
Printed in the United States of America Bruce Yuan-Yue Bi/Lonely Planet, pp. 186, 217
Blend Images/Jupiter Images, pp. 220, 307
Alloy Photography/Veer, pp. xi, 248, 307
First printing 2008
Taxi/Getty Images, pp. xi, 276, 307
Eric Wheater/Lonely Planet Images, pp. xii, 310, 403
Nonstock/Jupiter Images, pp. 336, 403
Worth Publishers Sean Sprague/The Image Works, pp. xii, 370, 403
Michael Prince/Corbis, pp. xii, 406, 503
41 Madison Avenue
Image 100/Jupiter Images, pp. xiii, 438, 503
New York, NY 10010
John Powell/Topham/The Image Works, pp. 470, 503
www.worthpublishers.com Robert Harding/Getty Images, p. 504
iv
ABOUT THE AUTHOR
Kathleen Stassen Berger received her undergraduate education at
Stanford University and Radcliffe College, earned an M.A.T. from
Harvard University and an M.S. and Ph.D from Yeshiva University.
Her broad experience as an educator includes directing a preschool, teach-
ing philosophy and humanities at the United Nations International School,
teaching child and adolescent development to graduate students at Fordham
University, teaching undergraduates at Montclair State University in New
Jersey and at Quinnipiac University in Connecticut, and teaching inmates
earning paralegal degrees at Sing Sing Prison.
For the past 35 years, Berger has taught at Bronx Community College of
the City University of New York. She has taught introduction to psychology,
child and adolescent development, adulthood and aging, social psychology,
abnormal psychology, and human motivation. Her students—who come
from many ethnic, economic, and educational backgrounds and who have a
wide range of interests—consistently honor her with the highest teaching
evaluations. Her own four children attended New York City public schools,
one reason that she was elected as president of Community School Board in
District Two.
Berger is also the author of The Developing Person Through the Life Span
andThe Developing Person Through Childhood.Her developmental texts are
currently being used at nearly 700 colleges and universities worldwide and
are available in Spanish, French, Italian, and Portuguese as well as English.
Her research interests include adolescent identity, immigrants, and bullying,
and she has contributed articles on developmental topics to the Wiley
Encyclopedia of Psychology. Berger’s interest in college education is manifest
in articles published by the American Association for Higher Education and
the National Education Association for Higher Education. She continues to
teach and learn with every semester and every edition of her books.
BRIEF CONTENTS
Preface xv
PART I Beginnings 1
Chapter 1Introduction 3
Chapter 2 Theories of Development 37
Chapter 3 Heredity and Environment 65
Chapter 4 Prenatal Development and Birth 97
PART II The First Two Years 129
Chapter 5 The First Two Years: Biosocial Development 131
Chapter 6 The First Two Years: Cognitive Development 161
Chapter 7 The First Two Years: Psychosocial Development 187
PART III Early Childhood 219
Chapter 8 Early Childhood: Biosocial Development 221
Chapter 9 Early Childhood: Cognitive Development 249
Chapter 10 Early Childhood: Psychosocial Development 277
vi
PART IV Middle Childhood 309
Chapter 11 Middle Childhood: Biosocial Development 311
Chapter 12 Middle Childhood: Cognitive Development 337
Chapter 13 Middle Childhood: Psychosocial Development 371
PART V Adolescence 405
Chapter 14 Adolescence: Biosocial Development 407
Chapter 15 Adolescence: Cognitive Development 439
Chapter 16 Adolescence: Psychosocial Development 471
Epilogue Emerging Adulthood 505
Appendix A Supplemental Charts, Graphs, Tables A-1
Appendix B More About Research Methods B-1
Appendix C Suggestions for Research Assignments C-1
Glossary G-1
References R-1
Name Index N-1
Subject Index S-1
This page intentionally left blank