The Cytokine Factsbook and Webfacts

526 Pages·2001·22.81 MB·English

by  Katherine A Fitzgerald, Luke A J O'Neill, Andy J H Gearing

THE
CYTOKINE
FactsBook
Second Edition
Other books in the FactsBook Series:
Robin Callard and Andy Gearing
The Cytokine FactsBook
Steve Watson and Steve Arkinstall
The G-Protein Linked Receptor FactsBook
Shirley Ayad, Ray-Boot Handford, Martin J. Humphries, Karl E. Adler and
C. Adrian Shuttleworth
The Extracellular Matrix FactsBook^ 2nd edn
Grahame Hardie and Steven Hanks
The Protein Kinase FactsBook
The Protein Kinase FactsBook CD-Rom
Edward C. Conley
The Ion Channel FactsBook
I: Extracellular Ligand-Gated Channels
Edward C. Conley
The Ion Channel FactsBook
II: Intracellular Ligand-Gated Channels
Edward C. Conley and William J. Brammar
The Ion Channel FactsBook
IV: Voltage-Gated Channels
Kris Vaddi, Margaret Keller and Robert Newton
The Chemokine FactsBook
Marion E. Reid and CHristine Lomas-Francis
The Blood Group Antigen FactsBook
A. Neil Barclay, Marion H. Brown, S.K. Alex Law, Andrew J. McKnight,
Michael G. Tomlinson and P. Anton van der Merwe
The Leucocyte Antigen Facts Book ^ 2nd edn
Robin Hesketh
The Oncogene and Tumour Suppressor Gene FactsBook, 2nd edn
Jeffrey K. Griffith and Clare E. Sansom
The Transporter FactsBook
lak W. Mak, Josef Penninger, John Rader, Janet Rossant and Mary Saunders
The Gene Knockout FactsBook
Bernard J. Morley and Mark J. Walport
The Complement FactsBook
Steven G.E. Marsh, Peter Parham and Linda Barber
The HLA FactsBook
Hans G. Drexler
The Leukemia-Lymphoma Cell Line FactsBook
Clare M. Isacke and Michael A. Horton
The Adhesion Molecule FactsBook, 2nd edn
Marie-Paule Lefranc and Gerard Lefranc
The Immunoglobulin FactsBook
Marie-Paule Lefranc and Gerard Lefranc
The T Cell Receptor FactsBook
Vincent Laudet and Hinrich Gronemeyer
The Nuclear Receptor FactsBook
THE
CYTOKINE
FactsBook
Second Edition
Katherine A. Fitzgerald
Department of Biochemistry & Biotechnology Institute,
Trinity College, Dublin, Ireland
Luke A.J. O'Neill
Department of Biochemistry & Biotechnology Institute,
Trinity College, Dublin, Ireland
Andy J.H. Gearing
Biocomm International, Melbourne, Australia
Robin E. Callard
Institute of Child Health,
University College London, London, UK
ACADEMIC PRESS
A Harcourt Science and Technology Company
San diego San Francisco New York Boston
London Sydney Tokyo
This book is printed on acid-free paper.
Copyright g 2001 by ACADEMIC PRESS
All Rights Reserved.
No part of this publication may be reproduced or transmitted in any form
or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying,
recording, or any information storage and retrieval system, without
permission in writing from the pubhsher.
Academic Press
A Harcourt Science and Technology Company
Harcourt Place, 32 Jamestown Road, London NWl 7BY, UK
http://www.academicpress.com
Academic Press
A Harcourt Science and Technology Company
525 B Street, Suite 1900, San Diego, California 92101-4495, USA
http://www.academicpress.com
ISBN 0-12-155142-3
Library of Congress Catalog Number: 2001092474
A catalogue record for this book is available from the British Library
INSTRUCTIONS ON GAINING ACCESS TO THE ON-LINE VERSION OF
THE CYTOKINE FACTSBOOK, SECOND EDITION
Access for a limited period to an on-line version of The Cytokine FactsBook, Second
Edition is included in the purchase price of the print edition.
The on-Hne version has been uniquely and persistently identified by the Digital Object
Identifier (DOI)
doi: 10.1006/bkcf2001
By following the Hnk
http://dx.doi.org/10.1006/bkcf2001
from any Web Browser, buyers of the Cytokine FactsBook, Second edition will find
instructions on how to register for access.
If you have any problems with accessing the on-line version, e-mail
tscap(a hbtechsupport.com
Typeset by Bibliocraft, Dundee, Scotland
Printed and bound in Great Britain by Bookcraft, Bath, Somerset.
01 02 03 04 05 06 07 BC 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1
Contents
Preface
Abbreviations
Section I THE INTRODUCTORY CHAPTERS
Chapter 1
Introduction
Chapter 2
Organization of the Data_
Chapter 3
The Cytokine Network 12
Chapter 4
Cytokine Receptor Superfamihes 20
Section II THE CYTOKINES AND THEIR RECEPTORS
Interleukins
IL-1 35 IL-10_ _90
IL-2 44 IL-11_ _95
IL-3 51 IL-12_ _99
IL-4 58 IL-13_ 105
IL-5 64 IL-14_ 111
IL-6 69 IL-15_ 113
IL-7 75 IL-16_ 116
IL-8 80 IL-17 119
IL-9 85 IL-18 123
Other Cytokines and Chemokines (in alph
Activin 129 CTACK _ .200
Amphiregulin 136 EGF 203
Angiostatin 139 ELC 209
Apo2L 142 ENA-78 _ 211
APRIL 148 Eotaxin 1 .213
BAFF 150 Eotaxin 2 .217
4-lBBL 153 Eotaxin 3 219
BCA-1 157 Epo .221
BDNF 160 Fas ligand_ .225
Betacellulin 166 FGF .230
BMPs 168 Flt3 Hgand _ .244
CD27L 174 Fractalkine_ .249
CD30L 178 GCP-2 .253
CD40L 183 G-CSF .255
6Ckine 188 GDNF .260
CNTF 192 GITRL .267
CT-1 197 GM-CSF 270
Contents
GROa, p and Y (MIP-2) 275 MlP-la 384
Growth hormone 278 MIP-13 389
HB-EGF 283 MSP 392
HCC-1 286 NGF 397
HCC-4 288 NT-3 405
HGF 290 NT-4 412
1-309 297 OSM 415
IGF I and II _301 OX-40L 420
IFNa and IFNco 311 PBP, CTAP-III, NAP-2 and PTG 424
I F N p 319 PDGF (AA, AB , BB) _426
I F N Y 322 PF-4 436
yIP-10 328 Prolactin 439
ISG-15 332 RANTES 444
ITAC 335 SCF 448
LARC 337 SDF-1 453
Leptin 340 TARC 457
LIF 346 TECK 460
LIGHT 351 TGFa 464
Lptn _ 3 5 4 TGFP _467
LT (TNFp) _ 357 TNFot _474
MCP-1,-2,-3 , -4 and -5 361 Tpo 481
M-CSF 367 TRANCE 486
MDC 373 TSLP 490
MFC 377 TWEAK 493
MIF 379 VEGF 498
MIG _ 3 8 2
Appendix I: CC ytokine Standards_ 505
Appendix II: WWW Sites for DN.\ and Protein Databases _507
Appendix III: Internet Resources for Transgenic and Targeted Mutation Research_ _508
Index 509
Preface
The updating of the Cytokine FactsBook was started by Robin Callard in 1998. Given the
rate at which new cytokines were being discovered and characterized, the work was then
shared out, with Kate Fitzgerald, Luke O'Neill and Andy Gearing contributing. Kate
Fitzgerald in particular did much of the work on novel cytokines. There are many people
who have helped with advice and information during the writing of this book. In particular,
we would Uke to mention Ewan Robson (Dept. of Pathology, University of Cambridge) and
Eleanor Dunn (Trinity College Dublin) for help with database searches and structural
models respectively. We also wish to thank Tessa Picknett, Margaret MacDonald and Emma
Parkinson for their patience and hard work in getting tlie manuscript into press.
R.E.C. also wishes to acknowledge funding from Action Research, the Leukaemia
Research Fund, the Medical Research Council, and the Wellcome Trust.
A.J.H.G. wishes to thank Kate Owen for cheery help, British Biotech for employment,
Academic Press for very nearly understanding I had a day job (sorry Tessa!) and finally
Frances, Jamie and Catherine.
K.F. wishes to acknowledge funding from Enterprise Ireland and the European Union
and members (both past and present) of the Inflammation Group, Trinity College Dublin (in
particular Ewan Robson and Eleanor Dunne) for much appreciated help.
L.O.N, wishes to acknowledge funding from the Health Research Board, Enterprise
Ireland, Bioresearch Ireland, the European Union and finally Margaret, Stevie and Sam.
There will undoubtedly be some omissions and errors in this volume although we hope
they will be infrequent. We would greatly appreciate being informed of any inaccuracies by
wridng to the Editor, Cytokine FactsBook, Academic Press, Harcourt Place, 32 Jamestown
Road, London, NWl 7BY, UK, so that these can be rectified in future edifions.
Katherine Fitzgerald Luke O'Neill
Andy Gearing Robin Callard
Abbreviations
CSF Colony-stimulating factor
DAG 1,2-Diacylglycerol
EBV Epstein-Barr virus
FADD Fas-associated death domain
FNIII Fibronectin type III domain
GAG Glycosaminoglycan
GAP GTPase-activating protein
GF Growth factor
GPI Glycosyl-phosphatidylinositol
IFN Interferon
Ig Immunoglobulin
IL Interleukin
IP3 Inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate
IRAK IL-1 receptor associated kinase
JAK Janus kinase
LAK Lymphokine-activated killer
LPS Lipopolysaccharide
LRR Leucine-rich region
LTR Long terminal repeat
Mr Molecular ratio
NK Natural killer
ORF Open reading frame
PGE2 Prostaglandin E2
PHA Phytohaemagglutinin
PI Phosphatidylinositol
PIP2 Phosphatidylinositol bisphosphate
PKC Protein kinase C
PLC Phospholipase C
PLD Phospholipase D
PTK Protein tyrosine kinase
SCID Severe combined immunodeficiency
STAT Signal transducer of activated transcription
TCR T-cell receptor
TIR Toll/IL-1 receptor
TLR Toll-like receptor
TRADD TNF receptor-associated death domain
TRAF TNF receptor-associated factor
4PS IL-4 induced phosphotyrosine substrate
Abbreviations for all the cytokines are not included here as the abbreviation and full name
appears at the beginning of each entry.
'Now what I want is, Facts. Teach these boys and girls nothing but Facts. Facts alone are
wanted in Ufe. Plant nothing else, and root out everything else. You can only form the minds
of reasoning animals upon Facts: nothing else will ever be of any service to them.'
From Hard Times, by Charles Dickens