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The Cowpens Campaign and the American Revolution
Pugh, Robert Coplin, Ph.D.
University of Illinois, 1951
Copyright ©1951 by Pugh, Robert Coplin. An rights reserved.
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COPYRIGHTED
by
Robert Coplln Pugh
1951
THE COWPENS CAMPAIGN AND THE
AMERICAN REVOLUTION
BY
ROBERT COPLIN PUGH
B.A., Eureka College, 1940
A.M., University of Illinois, 1941
THESIS
SUBMITTED IN PARTIAL FULFILLMENT OF THE REQUIREMENTS
FOR THE DEGRKE OF DOCTOR OF PHILOSOPHY IN HISTORY
IN THE GRADUATE COLLEGE OF THE
UNIVERSITY OF ILLINOIS. 1SB1
URBANA. ILLINOIS
UNIVERSITY OF ILLINOIS
THE GRADUATE COLLEGE
January 13, 1951
I HEREBY RECOMMEND THAT THE THESIS PREPARED UNDER MY
SUPERVISION BY Robert G. Pugh
The Cowpens Campaign And The American
ENTITLED.
Revolution
BE ACCEPTED IN PARTIAL FULFILLMENT OF THE REQUIREMENTS FOR
THE DEGREE OF Doctor of Philosophy in History
^1 ^—" In Charge of Thcsi
Head of Department
Recommendation concurred inf
Committee
on
Final Examination!
.£^Aa.
t Required for doctor's degree but not for master's.
M440
No written acknowledgment could adequately
express the value of the writer's association with
his adviser, Professor Raymond P. Stearns.
ii
ACKNOWLEDGMENTS
The opinions and technical assistance of numerous persons,
and the facilities of a variety of libraries have furnished
materials for this study.
The consideration of Dr. Frederick C. Dietz has oeen an
appreciated element of the writer's graduate study at the University
of Illinois. Professor Raymond C. Werner graciously supervised
one period of the research presented here.
Librarians and archivists almost without exception were
considerate and helpful in making available the collected mate
rials at their respective institutions. Deep obligation has been
incurred by correspondence and personal contact with the staffs of
the following: Duke University Library, Princeton University
Library, the Reference Department of the University of Illinois
Library, The Boston Public Library, The Illinois State Library,
The National Archives, particularly the staff of the Map Section,
the Reference Department, Division of Maps, of the Library of
Congress, The North Carolina State Department of Archives and
History, The Guilford Courthouse National Military Park, and the
Yorktown National Military Park.
tor. Raleigh C. Taylor, Superintendent of the Guilford
Courthouse National Military Park, and Mr. W. F. Burton, State
Archivist of North Carolina, have shown every courtesy in supplying
detailed information from the archives which they supervise.
ill
A special acknowledgment should be ir.ade of the interest
in this study of the local Revolutionary War enthusiasts with
whom the writer talked during an examination of the locale of
the Cowpens campaign.
iv
TABLE OF CONTENTS
Page
LIST OF MAPS vii
INTRODUCTION 1
Chapter
I. OPENING PHASES OF TEE COVvPENS CAMPAIGN 9
Desperate Military Situation in the Carollnas,
August, 1780
Americans Regroup at Hillsborough
The North Carolina Board of War
American Dispositions after Camden
Daniel Morgan Joins the Southern Army
Cornwallis at Camden
The Clinton-Cornwallis Controversy
II. FAILURE OF THE FIRST ATTACK ON NORTH CAROLINA. . 57
The British Movement from Camden
The British Occupy Charlotte
The British Retreat from Charlotte
Retreat and Pursuit from Charlotte
Cornwallis Takes Post at Winnsborough
III. THE CAMPAIGN IN SOUTH CAROLINA—OCTOBER TO
DECEMBER, 1780 109
The Americans Reoccupy the Borderland
Raid and Counter-Raid in the Interval
IV. NATHANAEL GREENE IN COMMAND 133
Greene Replaces Gates
Strength of the Army at Charlotte
Clinton's Diversion
Greene Moves the Army from Charlotte
Shift of Base to the Cheraws
Lee Reinforces Greene on the Pedee
V. FROM CHARLOTTE TO THE COWPENS 176
Morgan Detached from the Main Army
The Detachment Moves from Charlotte ho Grindall's
Ford
Cornwallis Plans to Eliminate Morgan
Tarleton Detached by Cornwallis—The British
Move Against Morgan
v
